高三完形填空解题技巧.ppt

1、 一、考纲要求与说明一、考纲要求与说明 完形填空题型完形填空题型(cloze test)考查考生语篇考查考生语篇 中中灵活运用灵活运用语言知识的能力。这种题型既可语言知识的能力。这种题型既可 以测试词汇、句法等以测试词汇、句法等语言方面的知识语言方面的知识，又可，又可 以考查学生的理解、联想、判断、推理等方以考查学生的理解、联想、判断、推理等方 面的面的思维能力思维能力，具有较强的区分度，对考生，具有较强的区分度，对考生 的能力要求较高的能力要求较高 。 主要失分原因主要失分原因 1、不善于抓住文中的主旨大意，片面理解，具、不善于抓住文中的主旨大意，片面理解，具 体表现是边看边填；体表现是边看

2、边填； 2、不善于逻辑推理，容易受思维定势的干扰，、不善于逻辑推理，容易受思维定势的干扰， 忽视特定语境中知识的应用；忽视特定语境中知识的应用； 3、对完形填空怀有厌倦、恐惧心理，对完形、对完形填空怀有厌倦、恐惧心理，对完形 填空处于应付状态，解题能力得不到提高。填空处于应付状态，解题能力得不到提高。 how can we do well in cloze test? 1.a good knowledge of english 2.more practice 3. ?some skills 例例1（辽宁）（辽宁） 42 is known to us all, there is not 43 (

3、enough) water in all places for every-one to use as much as he likes. 42. a. that b. it c. what d. as 例例2（重庆）（重庆）everyone was 48 afraid to go in because the fire was 49 (out of control) so i went in . 48. a. so b. much c. quite d. too 1.利用语法分析解题利用语法分析解题(grammar) 三、完形填空解题技巧三、完形填空解题技巧 2.利用原词复现利用原词复现(r

4、epetition)，近义词，近义词 (synonym), 反义词反义词 (antonym)信息解题信息解题 例例1 (湖北湖北) “we dont want any money. its our 55 ”. clay realized that while it might have been their pleasure, it was now her duty to pass on their “do onto others” spirit. 55. a. wish b. job c. duty d. pleasure 例例2 (江苏江苏) on 39 days, she wore he

5、avy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves. summertime 40 (brought) out neat, belted cotton dresses and a hat pulled low over her sunglasses. 39. a. sunny b. rainy c. cloudy d. snowy 3.利用固定搭配解题利用固定搭配解题(set phrases) 例例1（全国（全国iii）i admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or

6、talk with them 44 the telephone. 44. a. in b. by c. from d. on 例例2（北京）（北京）is all this pressure necessary? i 50 up leaving the football team. four other girls did the same, and two of them stopped playing football completely. 50. a. gave b. kept c. ended d. picked 4.利用上下文语境或逻辑解题利用上下文语境或逻辑解题(context o

7、r logic) 例例 (全国全国i) on a hot summer day in late august, i sought shade and a cool drink at a waterfront caf on a greek island. over a hundred degrees in 36 air. crowded. temper of both the tourists and waiters had 37 (risen) to meet the situation. 36. a. fresh b. cool c. still d. thin 例例 （全国（全国iii）.

8、he would join student groups to discuss a variety of 47 : agriculture, diving and mathematics. 47. a. questionsb. subjects c. mattersd. contents 例例3( 重庆重庆)the former 37 (make) every possible effort to avoid being discovered, while the latter quickly 38 attention to themselves . 38. a. give b. keep c

9、. pay d. draw 例例4 (全国全国i) 44 (a waiter) appeared. he paused for just a second, walked into the water to 45 (set) the table and take their 46 (order), and then walked back to the loud cheers of the rest of his 48 . 48. a. tourists b. customers c. fellows d. assistants 5.利用对比利用对比(contrast) 或平行结构或平行结构(

10、parallel)解题解题 例例1（辽宁）（辽宁）the 48 (correct) water supply forecast is based more on the water from the 49 than from the below. 49.a. clouds b. sky c. air d. above 例例2 45 the wallet, found in the street ,be put into a pocket 46 turned over to the policeman? should the 47 (extra) change received at the s

11、tore be forgotten or 48 (returned)? 45. a. should b. must c. would d. need 46. a. and b. or c. the d. but 6.利用经验常识利用经验常识(common sense)解题解题 例1 （广东）she had a daughter, persephone, whom she loved very much. hades, god of the underworld, fell in love with persephone, and he asked zeus, the 37 of the god

12、s, to give persephone to him as his wife. 37. a. winnerb. rulerc. advisord. fighter 例2 （全国）and there on a well-made bed sat amy, my new roommate, dressed neatly. greeting me with a nod, she said in a soft voice, “hi, you must be cori.” then, she 45 the music and looked over at my father. “and of cou

13、rse, youre mr. faber,” she said. 45.a. turned on b. turned down c. played d. enjoyed 1. 要首先把握文章的要首先把握文章的主题思想，篇章主题思想，篇章 结构，行文逻辑甚至语言特色结构，行文逻辑甚至语言特色，克服，克服 只从语法角度推理思考的不良习惯。只从语法角度推理思考的不良习惯。 2.要善于把握文中的关键信息，要善于把握文中的关键信息，信息信息 句句（往往就是文章或自然段的首尾句）（往往就是文章或自然段的首尾句） 和和信息词信息词（上文伏笔、下文呼应）。（上文伏笔、下文呼应）。 what shoud we

14、do with a passage? 跳过空格，通读全文，跳过空格，通读全文， 把握大意把握大意 瞻前顾后，先易后难，瞻前顾后，先易后难， 各个击破各个击破 再读全文，反复检查再读全文，反复检查 结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案 应对篇章的正确答题步骤应对篇章的正确答题步骤: : 通读全文，跳过空格，把握大意通读全文，跳过空格，把握大意 students had full freedom. students behaved consciously. the ways they learned different subjects. the advantages of t

15、he school. the differences between a free school and a regular school and the advantages of a free school. p1： p2: p3: p4: main idea： my experience in a free school at first i couldnt believe it! there were no 1 in rows; no bell rings; no one had to go to 2. although we all lived “in”, 3 made us go

16、to bed at a certain time; there was no lights out. 1. a. desksb. lightsc. students d. buildings 2. a. homeb. bedc. class d. work 3. a. anybodyb. nobodyc. teachers d. parents the 4 thing was that practically all the students went to class, 5 very few people stayed up late at night. only the new peopl

17、e stayed up or 6 class. the new ones always went wild 7, but this never lasted long. our teachers treated us like 8, never did we have to 9 “stand up”, “sit down”, “speak out”. i dont 10 one student who didnt try his best. 4. a. sadb. lastc. good d. strange 5. a. andb. butc. so d. yet 6. a. attended

18、b. tookc. missed d. studied 7. a. from then onb. at firstc. once more d. just then 8. a. workers b. pupilsc. gardeners d. grown-ups 9. a. understandb. studyc. play d. say 10. a. hear fromb. feel likec. think about d. know of the subjects were the same as those in 11 school, but what a difference in

19、the approach! for example, in botany(植物学植物学) we had 12 classes in spring or fall but instead we 13 two gardens, a vegetable garden and a flower garden. then in winter we each studied a few 14 things about what we had grown. 11. a. night b. regularc. smalld. real 12. a. all b. shortc. nod. indoor 13.

20、 a. planted b. studiedc. drewd. toured 14. a. wild b. successfulc. usuald. particular in math the students built three different kinds of storerooms-small ones 15, but usable. they did this instead of having lessons in the classroom. they really had a 16 time too, designing everything, drawing the blueprints, 17 the angles(角度角度) and so on.