优品课件之Unit1Greatwomenandtheirachievements

1、优品课件 Un it 1 Great wome n and their achieveme nts Unit 1 Great women and their achievements、语言要点 I 单 元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨 析 1. campaign / war / battle 2.worth / worthy / worthwhile 3. argue / debate 词形 变化1. connect vt. 连接；联系； 接通电话 vi. 连接，衔接 connection n.联系，关 系； 连接 2. argue vt. war 2). campai

2、g n 2. worth / worthy / worthwhile【解释】worth只能作表语，其后接钱数、名词或及物 动词的动名词的主动一般形式：be worth doi ng worthy可作表语， 后接of+名词/of+动名词的被动形式/不定式的被动形式：be worthy of + n. / of being done / to be done 也作定语，“值得的”， “有价值的”：a worthy winner 名副其实的赢家 worthwhile 可作 表语和定语：a worthwhile job 值得做的工作it is worthwhile to do/doing【练习】根据句

3、子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). The necklace was100 francs at most. 2). It sto discuss the question again. 3). You would find ityour while to come to the meeting. 4). Can t you find something doing at all? The book is( 很 值得读)a second time. 5). This place of interest is worthy / (参观).Keys: 1). worth 2). worthwhil

4、e 3). worth 4). worth; well worth readi ng 5). of a visit / of being visited / to be visited 3. argue / debate【解释】 argue 指 某人坚持自己的主张，举出事实和理由说服某人或反对其他方面的意 见。debate指辩论者长在自己的立场公开争论一个问题。【练习】 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). Wewith her how to go there. 2). Theythe case for hours. 3). Theythe questi on ope nly. 4).

5、Last week, our class had aover whether middle school students should carry cell phones at school. Keys: 1). argued; about 2). argued 3). debated 4). debate III 词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)1. connect vt. 连接；联系；接通电话 vi. 连接，衔接 connection n. 联系，关系；连接2. argue vt. don t makea fool of yourself. 注意你的举止，别闹出笑话来。 2). Ho

6、w is your new car behaving?你的新车性能如何？重点用 法behave on eself 使某人自己举止规矩 behaviour towards/to. 对的态度/行为练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词 或翻译。1). It s hard to train children to (举止得体)at the table. 2). She is always(举 止得体)at school. 3). Their(behave)(介词) me shows that they do not like me. Keys: 1). behave well 2). well be

7、haved 3). behaviour towards 2. achievement n.c 成就，功绩 achieve vt. 取得，完成典例 1) . He received the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievements. 他因科学上取得的成就而获得诺贝尔奖。2). Flyi ng across the Atla ntic for the first time was a great achieveme nt.首次飞 越大西洋是一个伟大的功绩。重点用法achieve an aim / goal 达到目标achieve success获得成功

8、练习根据句子的意思在括 号里填入适当的词。1). Without the support of the people we can . 2). I have achieved only half ofI hope to do. 3). Congratulationsto you (介词)such a complete victory. Keys: 1). achieve nothing 2). what 3). on; achiev ing 3. observe vt.观察；观测；遵守 observation n.u 观察；观测； 监视典例1). The police observed the

9、 manentering/enterthe bank.警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况。2). The woman was observed to follow him closely.有人看到那女子紧跟着他。重 点用法observe sb. do sth.观察某人做某事(已做完)observe sb. doing sth.观察某人正在做某事 under observation 被监视练习 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。1). They were observed (en ter) the bank the n. 2). Keynes(观 察至 U) huma ns fall into

10、two classes. Keys: 1). en teri ng 2). observed that 4. respect vt. for 3). for 5. argue vt. about; of 6. support vt. to 2). delivered/gave; in V重点词组 (旨在 提供综合运用所需材料)1. look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起典 例1). Shelooks downon people whove never been to university. 她瞧不起没上过大学的人。2). Youcan t look downupon a person

11、because he is poor.你不能因为某个人穷而瞧不起他。重点用法 look 短语：look on sb./ sth. as = consider sb./ sth. as把某 人看作look on 袖手旁观look into sth.调查或观察某事物look up查阅(单词、资料)；向上看look (sb.) up and down上下打量(某 人)look out for sb/sth警惕或留心某人/物练习根据句子的 意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). He was (被人看不起)because of his humble background. 2). He is( 被认为

12、是)the leading authority on the subject. 3). If you want to know how a word is used, it in a dicti on ary.Keys: 1). looked dow n on 2). looked on as 3). look; up 2. refer to谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提及；指而言典例1). We agreed n ever to refer to the matter aga in.我们同意不再谈 这件事了。 2). She thought I was referring to her daug

13、hter when we were talking.当我们谈话时她以为我指的是她的女儿。重点 用法refer to sb./sth. as 把某人 / 物称作 refer sth./sb. to 把 某事提交；让某人向求助练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入 适当的词或翻译。 1). Althoughshe didn t mention any names, every one knew who she was( 指).2). He gave the speech( 没有参阅)his notes. 3). He likes to( 被称为)“ Doctor Khee . 4). My doctor

14、referred me( 介词)a hospital specialist. Keys: 1). referring to 2). without referringto 3). be referred to as 4). to 3. come across = run across = meet by chanee (偶然)遇见；碰见典例1). I cameacross an old school friend in Oxford Street this morni ng.今天早上我在牛津大街碰 见一位老校友。 2). She came across some old photographs

15、 in a drawer.她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。短语归纳come短语： comeabout = happen 发生 come from 来自 come out 出现； 开花； 出版或发表；透露；显出come up升起；发生；出现come up with sth找到或提出(答案？ p办法等)练习用come短语的适当形 式填空。1). Isome new words while readi ng. 2). His new book willnext mon th. 3). She a new idea for in creas ing sales. 4). Can you tell me

16、how the accide nt? 5). How did itthat he knew where we were? Keys: 1). came across 2). come out 3). came up with 4). came about 5). came about 4. carry on 继续；坚持典例1). Carry on (working/withyour work) while rm away. 我不在的时候，要继续做工作。2). They decided to carry on in spite of the weather.他们决定不管天 气好坏都坚持。短语归纳

17、carry短语：carry on (doing sth/with sth.)继续(做)某事carry out 贯彻，执行carry out a plan/orders/instructions执行计戈U / 命令/ 扌旨示 carry sth through 成功地完成某事物carry about随身携带carry away运走，使失去 自制力练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或carry短 语。1). They decided toin spite of the weather. 2) . Extensive tests haveon the patient. 3) . Itis a d

18、ifficult job but she s the person to carry it . 4). Don t blame me. I m onlymy orders. Keys: 1). carry on 2). been carried out on 3). through 4) . carry ing out 5. live/lead a. life过着的生活典例They live a peaceful life.他们过着平静的生活。短语归纳“v. +同源宾 语” 结构： smile a. smile露出微笑 dream a. dream 做 了个的梦 sleep a. sleep睡

19、个觉 sing a. song 唱的歌 die a. death 怎样地死去 fight a. battle 打的仗laugh a. laugh发出方式的笑声练习根据句 子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). Weare livi nghappily. = We are living. 2). (多么艰辛的生活 )they lived! 3). I (做了个美梦)last night. Keys: 1). living a happy life 2). What a hard life 3). dreamed/had a beautiful dream VI重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需

20、材料)1. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.()解释动名词做主语的用法：动名词做主语往往表示 经常性、习惯性的动作(在口语中也可以表示具体的动作)。如： See ing is believ ing.眼见为实。 / Help ing her is my duty. 帮 助她是我的责任。动名词作主语时，句子有两种形式：动名词直 接置于句首主语的位置上。如：1). Playi ng tricks on others is something weshould never do.捉弄别人是我们万万

21、不能干的。2). Talking is easier than doing. 说比做容易。用it作形式主语， 把真正的主语一一动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限 制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如：It is useless/worth/no good/no use/ no sense doing sth.等，如：1). It is useless trying to argue with Shylock.禾口夏洛克争辩是没 有什么用的。 2). It s no sense arguing with her. 和她争吵 没有意思。动名词短语作主语时的谓语动词用单数形式：Lea

22、rn ing new words is very importa nt for me.学习新单词对我来说非常重 要。练习用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1). Talking (me nd) no holes. 2).(walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 3). Is it any good(try) to explai n? Keys: 1). me nds 2). Walki ng 3). trying 2. Only after her mother came to help her for the first

23、 few mon ths was she allowed to begi n her project.她母亲头几个月 来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以考虑自己的计划。解释以“only+ 状语(通常是副词、介词短语或从句)”开头的句子要用部分倒装，即 将 助动词或连系动词置于主语之前，女口： 1). Only after myfriend camewas the computer repaired.只有在我的朋友来后电脑才修好。 2). Only whe n you poin ted it out for me did I realize that I waswrong.只有当你帮我指出来了我才意识到

24、我错了。注意：如果 以“ only+主语”开头的句子不用倒装，如：1). Only we can help ourselves.只有我们能帮自己。2). Only Tomfailed in the exam. 只有汤姆考试不及格。练习用倒装句型翻译句子。1).只有用 这种方法我们才能把英语学得更好。 2).只有当你看了说明后你才知道怎么使用 这台机器。 Keys: 1). On ly in this way can we learn English better. 2). Only after you read the instructionsdo you know how to use th

25、e machi ne. 3. She also worked hard to make as many coun tries as possible agree not to use them.她努力劝说尽可能多的国家同意不使用它 们(地雷)。解释as.as possible = as. as one can“尽 可能”，第一个 as 可接 adj./adv. 或 many/few + n.(pl.) 或 much/little + n .u，如:1）. Be as kind to her as possible / you can.对她尽可能和蔼些。2）. Do your homework

26、as carefully as possible / you ca n.做作业尽可能地细心。3）. Read as many useful books as possible / you can.看尽可能多的书。练习翻 译句子。1）.在写作中，你应该尽量少犯错误。 ). 为了养活一大家人，他卖力工作尽力 多挣钱。 Keys: 1）. You should make as few mistakes as you can in your writing. 2）. In order to support a large family, he worked hard to earn as muchm

27、on eyas possible. 二、课文要点1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和 主要词语等）根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词 语用法： Jane Goodall, 1 had intended to work with animals in their own 2 （环境）since her childhood, went to Africa and devoted herself to 3（ study）the behavior of chimps. It was tough but she considered it as a 4 （有价值的） career.

28、 Through her study, we lear ned much more about chimps. She argued that the life of these animals should 5（ respect）and they should be left in the wild and not used 6 entertainment.Besides, she was very 7（ consider）of these animals. Now, she has 8 （实 现）every thi ng she wan ted to do, which 9 （激励）tho

29、se whowa nt to cheer the 10（成就）of women. 答案：1. who 2.environment 3. study ing 4.worthwhile 5. be respected 6. for 7.c on siderate 8.achieved 9.i nspired 10.achieveme nts 2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）阅读课 文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。这一篇文章 给我们介绍了黑猩猩家庭，这使我们认识到，黑猩猩家族的关联就像 人类的家庭那么坚固。Jane Goodall的努力，以及她关于保护黑猩 猩

30、的观点使她取得了不少成就。This passage in troduces 优品课件 答案： This passage introduces the groups of chimps to us, which madeus realize that the bone of a chimp family is as strong as that of a human s. Jane Goodall s efforts and her opinion on the protection of the chimps made her achieved a lot. 3课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在 培养对

31、难句的理解和运用能力）1.【原句】Following Jane s way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.跟着简研究黑猩猩的路线，我们团队都去森林中探望他 们。 模仿要点句子结构 现在分词，+主句【模仿1】听取老师的意见， 我在英语学习上取得了快速进步。 答案：Following the teacher s advice, I maderapid progress in English learning.【模仿 2】 按照指南， 你一定会解决这问题。 答案：Following th

32、e instruction,you will surely solve the problem. 2 【原句】 Only after her mother came to help her for the first few mon ths was she allowed to beg in her project.只有在她的 母亲来帮助她的头几个月，才让她开始她的计划。模仿要点句子 结构：Only +状语（主句要倒装）【模仿1】只有当您不遗余力你 能取得重大进展。 答案： Only when you spare no effort can you make great progress. 【

33、模仿2】只有当我们认识到我们生活 环境的重要性，我们才能意识到保护环境就是保护我们的家。 优品课件 答案： Only when we came to realize the importanee of our living environment can we be aware of the fact that preserving nature is preserving our home.三、单元自测 1 完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2130各题所给的A、 B、 C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词数: 221 完成时间：14 分钟难度：* I conside

34、r myself something of an expert on apologies. A quick temper has provided me with plenty of opportunities to makethem. In one of myearliest 21 , mymother is telling me, Dont watch the 22 whenyou say, “ rm sorry ” .Hold your head up and look at the person in the 23 , so hell know you mean it. My moth

35、er thus made the key point of a successful apology: it must be direct. You must n ever 24 to be doing someth ing else. You do not look through a pile of letters while apologizing to a person 25 in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your fault. You do not apologize

36、to a hostess, whose guest of honor you treat 26 , by sending, flowers the next day without mentioning your bad mann ers. One of the importa nt things you should do for an effective apology is read in ess to 27 the resp on sibilityfor our careless mistakes. Weare used to making excuses, which leaves

37、no 28 for the other pers on to forgive us. Si nee most people are ope n-hearted, the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling 29 about themselves. That, after all, is the purpose of every apology. It 30 little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault:answering for ones actions e

38、ncourages others to take their share of the blame. 21. A. dreams B. courses C. memories D. ideas 22. A. side B. ground C. wall D. bottom 23. A. mind B. soul C. face D. eye 24. A. pretend B. forget C. refuse D. expect 25. A. poorer B. weaker C. worse D. lower 26. A. cruelly B. freely C. roughly D. fo

39、olishly 27. A. raise B. perform C. admit D. bear 28. A. situatio n B. n eed C. sig n D. room 29. A. wiser B. warmer C. better D. cleverer 30. A. cares B. matters C. depe nds D. remai ns答案： 本文阐述了一个观点， 道歉要真诚，要敢于承担责任，同时也批评了一些“假”道歉的行为。 21 .选C.紧接着的就是作者回忆出来的内容。22 .选B.与后面 提到的“要抬起头”正好相反。23 .选D.道歉时看着对方的眼睛， 以

40、示真诚，在这一点上中西方是一样的。24 .选A.根据上下文得 知，道歉时要诚恳，不能假装着做别的事。所以这儿要用“ pretend ”。 25.选D.职位一般论要用“高、低”来衡量。不用 B项“强弱” 和A项“贵贱” 26 .选C. roughly此处表示对待客人不礼貌，服 务不到位。27 .选 D. bear the responsibility 承担责任。28 .选 D. leave no room 不留余地。29 .选C. better 表示“心情更舒 畅”未找借口的道歉，即真诚的道歉，对方的感觉一定很好。30 .选 B.道歉者是全部还是部分承担责任这些都不太重要：关键是为所作 所为主动

41、负责，这也能促使别人共同承担责任。2.语法填空阅读 下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填 入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在 答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。词数：180完成时间：9分钟 难 度: * Mr Vincent was tired of living in the big city where he worked. He wan ted to move to the country and 31 (live) in a house from which he could get to his office in the city

42、 early every day. He was looki ng for a house 32 he saw an ad in a newspaper one day. The ad said that a suitable house in a quiet area was up for sale at a 33 (reas on) price, and the house was 34 a ston es throw of a railway stati on 35 which there were frequent trains to the big city. Thats exact

43、ly 36 I need. Mr. Vincent said to 37 . So he called the house age ncy and arran ged to go dow n by train 38 n ext day to have a look at the house. The house agency met him at the station and they started walking. 39 took them at least 15 minutes to get to the house. 40 they reached, Mr. Vincent said

44、 angrily, I should be very in terested to meet the man who threw the stone you men tio ned in the n ewspaper.答案 31 . live 32 . un til 33 . reas on able 34. within 35. from 36. what 37. himself 38. the 39. It 40. When 31 .live , and连接两个动词不定式短语做 wan ted的宾语：32 .un til , 考查until引导的时间状语从句.33 . reasonable

45、 , reason的形容 词是加后缀-able，表“合理的”：34 . within，介词“在之内”- 35. from，介词from加关系代词which引导限制性定语从句。36 . what, 由what引导的名词性从句作表语： 37 . himself , say to on eself 表“自言自语”：38. the 39. It , It takes somebody some time to do something句型，其中作it形式主语：40 . When考查由 When 引导的时间状语从句： 3阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡

46、上将该项涂黑。词数：315完成时间：7分 钟 难度：* Washi ngton: A research con ducted at the Un iversity of Maryla nd looks at the nu merous complex reas ons as to why young childre n decide to in clude or exclude （排斥）other kids from their group of frie nds. It suggests that the kids decisi on-maki ng process is much more

47、 complex tha n previously believed. They take into acco unt group in formati on, ranging from cliques （ 小圈子）and n etworks, whe n decid ing what makes a group work well. Sometimes kids are excluded because they lack social skills, but a lot of time it has nothing to do with that. In stead it has to d

48、o with what we refer to as group membership such as gender, race, nation, and culture, says Professor Melanie Killen, the Associate Director of the Centre for Children Relationships and Culture at Maryland, who led the 4-year project. Reporting their findings in the journal, the researcher said what

49、ever was the reas on, in dividuals who experie need pervasive （ 普遍的）Ion g-term exclusi on from the group of frie nds suffered from depressi on, an xiety and Ion eli ness. The study looked at two models to defi ne how childre n make decisi ons regard ing accepta nee of other kids in their group - the

50、 in dividual social deficit model and the in ter-group social cog niti on （认同）model. While the former says that childrens rejection occurs due to social deficits like shyness, wariness or fearfulness,the latter says that it happens because of group dynamics, prejudice and exclusion.It was also found

51、 that the age of childre n was also a factor that in flue need their decisi ons regard ing other kids accepta nee as frien ds. With age, kids become more aware of group dyn amics, conventions, customs, and rituals. With this comes a greater con cer n about group fun cti oning, which can lead to excl

52、usi on which can be negative from a social justice viewpoint, says Kille n. The researcher believes that her study may have many ben efits, as it could provide in sights into how to help whe n children are rejected by their peers. 41. While making friends, kids think more about the followingEXCEPT.

53、A. social skills B. culture C. race D. gender 42. The underlined word deficit in Paragraph 5 may mean “ . A. skill B. relationship C. weakness D. experience 43. One of the major purposes of the research is to. A. tell the reader how to tell in clusi on from exclusi on B. remi nd childre n to be care

54、ful while making friends C. seek ways to help kids excluded by their peers D. stop the childre n bel onging to the in ter-group social cognition model 44. While making friends, children exclude those of social deficit model to. A. keep their groups purer B. maketheir groups more socially powerful C. refuse other customs and cultures D. prove their groups to be strict 45. The proper title for this passage is. A. Tech niq ues of maki ng frie nds B. Social com muni cati on among kids C. Maki ng fri