山西省专升本综合英语模拟8

1、 山西省专升本综合英语模拟 8(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、vocabulary & structure(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.bacon and scrambled eggs _ the standard american breakfast.（分数：1.00）a.wereb.are c.have beend.is解析：解析句意：熏肉和煎蛋是美国的传统早餐。尽管 breakfast没有使用复数形式，但是熏肉和煎蛋是两种食品，be动词应使用复数形式。本句是一般现在时，所以用 are。2._ we all know, it is impossible to spea

2、k or write english or any other language withoutusing the verb.（分数：1.00）a.forb.sincec.as d.which解析：解析句意：众所周知，在说或写英语或其他语言时不用动词是不可能的。固定搭配题。as we allknow为固定搭配，意为：众所周知，与 as is known to all同义。3.im going to have my letters _ tomorrow.（分数：1.00）a.typeb.typingc.typed d.to be typed解析：解析 句意：我明天将去把我的信打印出来。本题考查使

3、役动词 have的用法。have sth. done意思是“使某事被完成”，这里是指信件被打印出来。在 have sb. do sth. 结构中，宾语和动词 do之间是主动关系，意思是“让某人做某事”。4.im considering _ your offer.（分数：1.00）a.acceptb.accepting c.to acceptd.accepted解析：解析 句意：我正在考虑接受你的帮助。本题考查 consider的用法。consider doing sth. 意为“考虑做某事”，consider后面一般跟动词的-ing形式。5.if i _ the exam, he would

4、be astonished.（分数：1.00）a.did passb.passc.were to passd.had passed 解析：解析 句意：要是我通过了考试的话，他将会感到很吃惊。本题考查错综条件句中虚拟语气用法。从句为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词应该用 had done，故选 d。主句为与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词应该用 would/should/could+动词原形。 6.no sooner _ stepped out of the hall than it began to rain.（分数：1.00）a.had we b.have wec.did wed.do w

5、e解析：解析句意：我们刚走出大厅就下雨了。本题考查倒装结构。当表示否定意义的词“never，hardly，seldom，under no conditions，no sooner”等置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构，即将谓语动词的助动词置于主语之前。以no sooner. than/hardly.when引起的从句中谓语若用一般过去时，主句谓语动词就用过去完成时。7.some students ran back to the dormitory, magazines _ under their arms.（分数：1.00）a.to be heldb.was heldc.held d.holdi

6、ng解析：解析句意：一些学生胳膊下夹着杂志跑回了宿舍。本题考查非谓语动词。逗号前面是一个完整的句子，所以推测出逗号后面应是一个表示伴随的状语结构，即由逻辑主语+分词构成的独立主格结构。又因magazine与hold之间为被动关系，因此应用过去分词，所以选c。8.i like to get up early so that i can get plenty of work _ before lunch.（分数：1.00）a.to dob.doingc.done d.being done解析：解析句意：我喜欢早起，这样我就能在午饭前做完很多工作。本题考查非谓语动词。have/get+sth.+过去

7、分词表示“使某事被完成”。此结构中过去分词做宾语补足语，故选c。9._ finished his work, he had to stay at home on the weekend.（分数：1.00）a.having not beenb.being notc.not having d.having not解析：解析句意：由于没有完成工作，他周末不得不待在家里。本题考查非谓语动词。因为前面分词结构的逻辑主语为he，所以与分词之间为主动关系，且not 要放在动词-ing 形式之前进行否定，所以选 c。10._ experiments on the laboratory, it started

8、to rain heavily.（分数：1.00）a.while performingb.performingc.while i was performing d.to perform解析：解析 句意：当我正在实验室做实验的时候，外面下起了大雨。本题考查时间状语从句。while引导的时间状语从句常表示在一段较长的时间或过程中，主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生。从句谓语不能表示瞬时性或短暂性的动作。另外，a、b、d项的逻辑主语为人，也不符合句意，所以正确选项为c。11._ on time according to the instruction, these pills will

9、 be quite effective.（分数：1.00）a.takingb.being taken c.taken d.having taken解析：解析句意：如果按照说明按时服用，这些药将会非常有效。非谓语动词题。分析句子结构，从句动作 take服，吃(药)与句子主语 these pills存在动宾关系，因此要用过去分词形式，相当于一个状语从句。12.the meeting was put off until next week, which was exactly _ we wanted.（分数：1.00）a.what b.whichc.thatd.it解析：解析 句意：会议被推迟到下周

10、，这也正是我们想要的。名词性从句题。本句考查关系代词 what引导的表语从句做 which引导的非限制性定语从句的表语，而且 what在表语从句中做 want的宾语。13.mr. smith left for london this morning. i had thought he _ until next monday.（分数：1.00）a.isnt goingb.wasnt going c.wont goingd.hasnt gone解析：解析句意：史密斯先生今早离开去伦敦了。我原本以为他不到下周一是不会去的。谓语动词的时态题。从句表示“我过去以为”的内容，所以其谓语动词应用过去将来时。

11、14.doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true_it comes to classroom tests.（分数：1.00）a.when b.whilec.asd.after解析：解析句意：做家庭作业是提高测试成绩的一种有效方式，对课堂测试而言，尤其是这样。本题考查 when it comes to.结构。when it comes to.为固定用法，意为“涉及，关于，就而言”。15.what they said _ us much to think abo

12、ut.（分数：1.00）a.have leftb.has left c.to leaved.leaving解析：解析 句意：他们说的话让我们考虑了很多。谓语动词时态题。本句的主语是 what引导的主语从句。当主语是 what/whether/that等引导的从句时，谓语动词用单数。故选 b。16.the clothes a person wears may express his _ or social position.（分数：1.00）a.significanceb.determinationc.curiosityd.status 解析：解析句意：一个人的衣着可能显示其身份和社会地位。词义

13、辨析题。significance：意义，重要性；determination：决心；curiosity：好奇心；status：身份，地位。17.in some countries, traffic police can _ instant fines on speeding motorists.（分数：1.00）a.compel b.impose c.charged.force解析：解析句意：在一些国家，交警可以对超速行驶者当即执行罚款。词义辨析题。compel：迫使；impose：罚(款)，强制实行，常用结构 impose sth. on/upon sth. /sb.：charge：收费，要价

14、，charge sb. for sth.；force：强迫，迫使，force sb. to do sth.。根据词义及搭配选 b。18.he is not such a person and he _ such a thing.（分数：1.00）a.cannot have done b.must not have donec.should not have doned.could not have done解析：解析 句意：他不是那样一个人，不可能做那种事。情态动词用法题。“cannot have+动词的过去分词”结构表示对过去发生事情的否定推测，表示“不可能”。故选 a。19.i have

15、to _ my visit as ill be very busy next week.（分数：1.00）a.call forb.call onc.call off d.call in解析：解析 句意：我不得不取消我的参观计划，因为我下周将会很忙。短语辨析题。call for：需要；call on：拜访；call off：取消；call in：打电话来(工作单位等)。20.the educator and scholar _ from shanghai.（分数：1.00）a.comeb.comes c.has comed.have come解析：解析句意：这位教育家和学者来自上海。谓语动词时态

16、题。两个名词由 and连接，且只有一个限定词修饰时，它们常常表示同一概念。本句中两个名词 educator和 scholar只有一个限定词 the修饰，表示同一个人，所以谓语动词用单数，选 b。如果两个名词分别有限定词修饰，它们则表示两个不同的概念，谓语动词用复数。例如：the educator and the scholar come from shanghai.二、cloze(总题数：1，分数：30.00)most people retire from work between the ages of 60 and 65. this has 1 consequences, one econ

17、omicand 2 psychological.economically: 3 retired people receive a pension养(老金)from the government or from their past4 , it is often much less than they earned when they were working. unless people 5 to save moneyduring their years 6 work, their standard of living may fall greatly when they retire.psy

18、chologically: old people in western countries are generally considered 7 , and they are eventhought of as a 8 on their families and on the public purse. they are 9 held in respect. on theother hand, most of them, so used to 10 work, simply do not know how to relax or 11 other intereststhough they ha

19、ve time to do so now. they feel they should be working and 12 , because work was13 they were respected and their skills recognized. 14 retired people, their self-confidence isdiminished (减弱). the longer they are away from the work place, 15 grows a sense of being worthless.（分数：30.00）a.two b.therec.m

20、anyd.some 解析：解析 此句的含义为：有两种原因导致退休，一为经济原因，另一个是心理原因。选项 a. two符合题意。a.anotherb.the other c.othersd.other解析：解析 one., the other.一个另一个，another意为“另一的，不同的”；the other意为“是其中的另一个”；others意为“另外的人”；other意为“别的，其他的”。a.unlessb.forc.befored.although 解析：解析此句的含义为：经济原因：尽管退休的人从政府或其以前的雇主处领取养老金，但这笔钱要比他们在工作的时候能拿到的要少很多。althoug

21、h意为“尽管”表让步。a.employeesb.employers c.employeed.employer解析：解析 employees意为“受雇者，雇工，雇员”；employers意为“雇主”；employee意为“雇员”；employer意为“雇主”。根据句意，退休者不是一个人所以雇主也不会是一个人所以用复数。a.had managedb.have managed c.are managingd.will manage解析：解析此句的含义为：除非人们在其工作期间一直节约，他们的生活水平在其退休后才不至于大幅下降。过去动作一直持续到现在，对现在有影响要用现在完成时。a.onb.withc.

22、ford.at 解析：解析 at work意为“在工作”。a.usefulb.usefullyc.useless d.uselessly解析：解析 根据题意 consider sb/sth. to be+形容词，to be可以省略意为“认为某人是”；根据下文内容可知在西方老年人被认为是无用的人。a.burden b.troublec.difficultyd.problem解析：解析 根据句意可知老年人被认为是家庭和社会的负担(burden)。a.mostb.mostlyc.hardd.hardly 解析：解析 根据句意可知老年人几乎不被尊重。most意为“最，最多，极其”；mostly意为“大

23、概，大部分，主要”；hard意为“努力地，猛烈地，坚定地”；hardly意为“几乎不”。故选 d。a.focusing on b.focus onc.focusing atd.focus at解析：解析此句的含义为：另一方面是，他们中的大多数人已经习惯于工作，以至于他们不知道怎样去放松。used to doing意为“习惯于做”。a.produceb.pushc.pursue d.purchase解析：解析 根据句意：他们不知道如何去追求(pursue)他们的兴趣。a.contributing b.contributedc.to contributed.contribute解析：解析 此句的含

24、义为：他们感觉他们应该一直工作和贡献。由 and可知 working和 contributing为并列关系。a.where b.thatc.whend.what解析：解析根据句意可知，只有在工作中他们才能获得尊重，他们的技能才能被认可。所以用 where引导表语从句。a.likeb.as c.withd.by解析：解析 like意为“像一样”；as意为“作为”。根据句意此处为“作为退休的人，”。a.keenerb.more keenc.the more keend.the keener 解析：解析 the more., the more.意为“越越”。三、reading comprehensi

25、on(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、passage 1(总题数：1，分数：15.00)in the united states, elementary education begins at the age of six. at this stage nearly allthe teachers are women, mostly married. the atmosphere is usually very friendly, and the teachershave now accepted the idea that the important thing is to make the

26、 children happy and interested.the old authoritarian (要绝对服从的) methods of education were discredited (不被认可) rather along time agoso much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the directionof trying to make children happy and interested rather than giving them actual instruction

27、.the social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human beings ina society need to work together for their common good. so the emphasis is on cooperation ratherthan competition throughout most of this process. this may seem curious, in view of the fact thatamerican soci

28、ety is highly competitive; however, the need for making people sociable in this sensehas come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. most americans do grow up withcompetitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that theeducational system fails. it p

29、robably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready tohelp one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.（分数：15.00） (1).according to the passage, the u. s. elementary education is supposed to make children _.（分数：3.00）a.sensible and sensitiveb.competitive and inter

30、estedc.curious and friendlyd.happy and cooperative 解析：解析事实细节题。文章第一段第三句谈到老师们都认可让孩子们开心、有兴趣很重要；第二段前两句又提到社会性教育强调的是合作而不是竞争。因此d最符合题意。(2).some americans complain about elementary schools because they think _.（分数：3.00）a.children are reluctant to help each otherb.schools lay too much emphasis on cooperationc

31、.children should grow up with competitive ideasd.schools give little actual instruction to children 解析：解析 事实细节题。答案在第一段最后一句：“.many people now think that they have gonetoo far in the direction of trying to make children happy andinterested rather than givingthemactual instruction.”(许多人认为在使孩子们开心、有兴趣方面做

32、得太多，却没给他们实际的指导。)注意选项d里的little表示“几乎没有”。(3).the authors attitude towards american education can be best described as _.（分数：3.00）a.favorable b.negativec.tolerantd.unfriendly解析：解析 推理判断题。题目要求判断作者对美国教育持何种态度。选项分别为 favorable(赞许的)，negative(否定的)，tolerant(容忍的)，unfriendly(不友好的)。答案在第二段最后：“itis not fair tosay tha

33、t the educational system fails. it probably does succeed in making most people sociableand ready to help one another.”(说这种教育制度失败是不公平的。它或许的确成功地使大部分人对人友善并乐于助人。)由此可见，作者对美国教育持赞赏态度。(4).the american educational system emphasizes _.（分数：3.00）a.material wealthb.competitionc.cooperation d.personal benefit解析：解

34、析 事实细节题。答案在文章第二段第二句：“so the emphasis is on cooperation.”，由此得知美国教育制度强调的是合作。(5).the word sociable most probably means _.（分数：3.00）a.fond of talking freelyb.friendly with other people c.concerned about social welfared.happy at school解析：解析 词语理解题。sociable意为“好交际的，友善的”。由文章可知美国的教育强调合作，使人们变得友善，并乐于助人。因此b最符合题意。

35、五、passage 2(总题数：1，分数：15.00)while the cities of china have undergone modernization evident in the rising towers and brightlights that have awakened the sleeping country, the countryside remains largely the same.rectangular (长方形的) rows of rice fields litter the landscape separated by long lanes of wat

36、erdesigned to provide the constant supply of water that is vital to producing the crop. the experienceis not unlike driving through the american midwest, only rice not corn dominates the landscape.four years ago, when i last took this trip, the roads were dusted and telephone wires did not run paral

37、lel to the highway. bare roads hadbeen replaced by sleek, newly paved highways runningfrom shanghai to nanking, to my smaller home city, wuhu. unlike the changes i had heard of andexpected in shanghai, wuhu was much more of a surprise. the small city where i was born had grownup as i have.there are

38、large high-rise buildings, each ringed with smaller buildingsaround it,many of these apartment complexes. little seemed familiar and i wonder what my grandparents flatbuilt of brick and mortar(灰泥) had become.perhaps i shouldnt have been surprised to find out that their home had been demolished(拆除)an

39、d rebuilt as a six-story apartment complex as well. walking up to the second floor i saw mygrandfathers face peering out of the screen door. he began to smile as he saw me, and so didi. their home is now no different from a western apartment. equipped with the modern amenities(便利设施) of a gas stove,

40、a toilet, a showerthis was indeed different from four years ago.（分数：15.00）(1).according to the author, dramatic changes took place in _.（分数：3.00）a.cities but not countryside of china b.countryside but not in large citiesc.both cities and countryside of chinad.everywhere解析：解析 事实细节题。本题考查对第一段的理解，总的意思是虽

41、然大城市有巨大的变化，但是农村还是老样子。(2).it can be inferred from the second paragraph that _.（分数：3.00）a.peasants lead similar life all over the worldb.chinese irrigating system is more impressing than that in americac.peasants in midwest america raise more corns while chinese peasants raise more rice d.peasants in

42、midwest america raise more rice while chinese peasants raise more corns解析：解析 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句：“眼前的景象很容易让人想起美国的中西部地区，只不过那里到处是玉米，这儿到处是大米。”可知美国中西部的农民种植玉米较多而中国农民种植大米较多。(3).the author was traveling to wuhu _.（分数：3.00）a.in order to take a stop during the trip from shanghai to nankingb.in order to find some

43、 place similar to his hometownc.in order to visit his grandparents d.in order to find out changes in small cities解析：解析 推理判断题。由第三段最后一句可推知：芜湖是作者的家乡，他回去是要看望自己的祖父母，故选 c。(4).the authors grandparents _.（分数：3.00）a.live in their house of brick and mortarb.live in an apartment similar to westerners c.led a t

44、otally westernized lifed.was poor as they always were解析：解析 事实细节题。根据最后一段“their home is now no different from a western apartment.”，判断出作者的祖父母住在与西方人住宅类似的房子里面，故选 b。(5).which of the following is the best title for this passage?（分数：3.00）a.flash back to china b.back with my grandparentsc.wuhu todayd.from s

45、hanghai to nanking解析：解析 主旨大意题。短文讲述作者回到祖国的所闻所感。芜湖、祖父母、旅途都只是短文涉及的一个方面，因此选项 a 最适合做标题。六、passage 3(总题数：1，分数：15.00) the pleasures which a movie offers to our eyes have been paid for with the loss of sight of aman whose name is hardly known outside the annals of sciencejoseph plateau, a belgian professor,b

46、orn in brussels in 1801.he studied the mechanism of sight, beginning a series of most dangerous experiments at the ageof 28 by staring into the sun for 25 seconds to see what the effect on his eyes would be. he wasblind for nearly a month. but he went on experimenting, increasing the length of time

47、during whichhe looked into the sun, knowing that in the end this would cost him his sight. at the age of 42he was completely and incurably blind; the sunhad destroyed the retina (视网膜) of his eye. buthe continued to work as well as he could until he died at the age of 82.science profited enormously f

48、rom his research. he studied the so-called inertia of the eye (视觉暂留) which makes a picture remain on the retina for about one-sixth of a second after it hasdisappeared from our vision. this means that,if we see a succession ofindividual pictures eachof which appears only for a fraction of a second,

49、they overlap in our brain; and if they showconsecutive phases of movement, that movement will appear to us to be continuous.（分数：15.00）(1).plateaus experiments were the first step leading to the invention of _.（分数：3.00）a.eyeglassesb.telescopesc.bifocalsd.motion pictures 解析：解析事实细节题。题目询问：“普拉托的实验是引导_的发明

50、的早期步骤。”从文章第一段第一句话“the pleasures which a movie offers to our eyes have been paid for.”可知正确答案为d，motion pictures=movie意为“电影”。(2).the result of plateaus first experiment was that _.（分数：3.00）a.he went permanently blindb.he stopped staring into the sunc.he went blind for a month d.he found what he was loo

51、king for解析：解析事实细节题。题目询问：“普拉托首个实验的后果是_。”从文章第二段第二句话“hewas blind for nearly a month.”可知本题的正确答案是c。(3).a picture remains on the retina for _.（分数：3.00）a.6 secondsb.1 secondc.16 secondsd.1/6 of a second 解析：解析事实细节题。题目询问：“一个图像在视网膜上停留_。”从文章第三段第二句话“.apicture remain on the retina for about one-sixth of a second

52、.”可知本题的正确答案是d。(4).the images that we see are recorded in _.（分数：3.00）a.the brain b.the eyec.the retina of eyed.the pupil解析：解析事实细节题。题目询问：“我们看见的图像被记录在_。”从文章最后一段最后一句话“.they overlap in our brain.”可知它们被记录在大脑里。(5).motion pictures _.（分数：3.00）a.cause inertia of the eyeb.show a succession of unrelated movemen

53、tc.show consecutive phases of movement which appear continuous d.show each phase of movement for one-half of a second 解析：解析推理判断题。题日询问：“电影是_。”从文章最后一段最后一句话可知，如果图像呈现快速连续的阶段运动，则这种运动在我们看来就是连贯的。根据常识，我们平常看见的电影画面感觉就是连续的，所以它展示的就是这种看似连续的不间断的运动。故本题选c。七、passage 4(总题数：1，分数：15.00)although each baby has an individ

54、ual schedule of development, general patterns of growth havebeen observed. three periods of development have been identified (确定), including early infancy(幼儿期), which extends from the first to the sixth month; middle infancy,from the sixth to theninth month; and late infancy, from the ninth to the f

55、ifteenth month. whereas the newborn isconcerned with his or her inner world and reacts primarily to hunger and pain in early infancy,the baby is already aware of the surrounding world. during the second month, many infants areawake more and can raise their heads to look at things. they also begin to smile at people. byfour months, the baby is searching for things but not yet grasping them with its hands. it isalso beginning to be