【英语】高三英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)含解析

1、【英语】高三英语阅读理解题 20 套(带答案 )含解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解scientists have discovered a monster black hole so massive that, in theory, it shouldnt exist. its a stellar black hole the type that forms after stars die, collapse, and explode. researchershad previously believed that the size limit was no more than 20 tim

2、es the mass of our sun because 8s these stars die, they lose most of their mass through explosions that expel matter and gas swept away by stellar windsthis theory has now been toppled by lb-1, the newly discovered black hole. located about 15.000 light years away, it has a mass 70 times greater tha

3、n our sun, according to a press release from the chinese academy of sciences.the findings were published by chinese researchers in the journal nature on wednesday. black boles of such mass should not even exist in our galaxy, according to most of the currentmodels of stellar evolution, said liu jife

4、ng, head of the team that made the discovery. lb-1 is twice as massive as what we thought possible. now theorists will have to take up the challenge of explaining its formation.s cientists are now scratching their heads at how lb-1 got so huge.t he chinese team has proposed a number of theories. lb-

5、1 sheer size suggests that it was not formed from the collapse of only one star, the study said instead, it could potentially be two smaller black holes orbiting each other.another possibility is that it formed from fallback supermova. this is when a supernoma the last stage of an exploding star eje

6、cts material during the explosion, which then falls back into the supernova, creating a black hole.this fallback formation is theoretically possible but scientists have never been able to prove or observe it. if this is how lb-1 formed, then we may have direct evidence for this process for the first

7、 time, the study said.there are several types of black holes and stellar black holes like lb-1 are on the smaller side, according to nasa. supermassive black holes are much bigger they can be billions of times the mass of our sun,scientists believe supermassive black holes may be connected to the fo

8、rmation of galaxies, as they often exist at the center of the mass star stems but it is still not clear exactly how, or which form first.（1）why does the writer write the article?a. to report the great achievement chinese scientists have made in black hole theory,b. to inform the readers of the basic

9、 knowledge about the black hole,c. to share with the readers the new development of the black hole discovery,d. to demonstrate the significance of discovering new black holes for science.（2）which of the following about lb-1 is true to the passage?a. it is the biggest black hole ever discovered.b. it

10、 lost only a small part of its mass through explosion.c. it couldnt have been formed from the collapse of one star.d.its discovery may lead to some breakthrough in the fallback formation theory.（3）which of the following is right according to the passage?a. if the sun in our galaxy dies some of its m

11、ass will be taken away by stellar winds.b. a massive supernova will be formed and then exploded if the sun in our galaxy dies.c. the milky way was formed after a supermassive black hole collapsed and exploded.d. if the milky way dies, a supermassive black hole will be formed after its death.【答案】 （1）

12、c（2） d（3） a【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了科学家们已经发现了一个 “ 巨型黑洞 ” ，其 质量之大，在理论上是不应该存在。但这个理论现在已经被新中国科学家发现的黑洞 lb-1 所推翻。科学家们现在正绞尽脑汁研究 lb-1 是如何变得如此巨大的，并介绍了几种可能性 的理论。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“scientists have discovered a monster black hole so massive that, in theory, it shouldnt exist.”可知，科学家们已经发现了一个“巨型黑洞”，其质 量之大，在理论上是不应该存在；

13、再根据第三段“this theory has now been toppled by lb-1, the newly discovered black hole. located about 15.000 light years away, it has a mass 70 times greater than our sun, according to a press release from the chinese academy of sciences.”可知， 但这个理论现在已经被新中国科学家发现的黑洞 lb-1 所推翻。根据中国科学院的一份新闻 稿，它位于 15000 光年之外，质量

14、是太阳的 70 倍。所以判断出作者写这篇文章的目的是 与读者分享黑洞发现的新进展，故选 c。（ 2 ）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“if this is how lb-1 formed, then we mayhavedirect evidence for this process for the first time.” 可知，如果这就是 lb-1 的形成过程， 那么我们可能首次有了 “ 这一过程的直接证据 ” 。所以 lb-1 这一发现可能会给 “ 后援形成理 论”带来一些突破。故选 d。（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“because 8s these stars die, the

15、y lose most of their mass through explosions that expel matter and gas swept away by stellar winds.” 可知，因为这 些恒星会死亡，它们大部分质量因爆炸而损失，恒星风会把爆炸释放出来的物质和气体吹 走。所以如果我们星系中的太阳死亡，它的一部分质量会被恒星风吹走。故选 a。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要 准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解it took me a moment to realize what ha

16、d happened. three days had passed and rita seemed to get weaker and weaker. the rain had stopped. however, the sky was still cloudy, and it was so dark that i couldnt see the buildings even across the road. i took a pressure reading from the weather station: 947mb, which let me know exactly where i

17、wasin the eye of the storm.there were rains and winds still, but not oppressive ( 难以忍受的)anymore. there was still no power, hot water or food. besides, i didnt sleep well for all these days, but i felt more relaxed since the weather report said rita was leaving. whats more, i was luckier than those p

18、eople whohad lost their homes or even worse, lost their lives because of rita.as i travelled further to the west, going after the storm, the damage along the way became less severe. i arrived in houston after a tricky journey with my fuel supplies almost all gone. however, i came across another stor

19、m chaser (追逐者) who had 45 gallons of petrol. he helped me and we shared our working experience these days. with a complete stroke of luck i found a run-down hotel that allowed me to have a room overnight before the midnight. although there was no running water, no power and no air conditioning, i cu

20、rled up into a corner and fell asleep quickly.i woke up the next morning, and what a change! the sky was blue and cars were moving around. sirens could be heard as convoys ( 护航队) of emergency managements started to head west towards where i had come from. the storm had stopped and i could go home. i

21、 gave all my remaining supplies to other people at the hotel and headed towards the airport. houston airport was not damaged, so i took my flight and drank my first hot drink in four days.all in all, when i came back home, i was proud that i finally made it again to follow and record the storm and i

22、 really learned a lot these days. although its dangerous, i love my job as not many people would go into the eye of an intense storm.（1）we can know from the passage that “rita” is _.a. a pet b. a storm c. a friend of the author d. a citizen in houston（2）what can we infer from the passage?a. the auth

23、or was a storm chaser. b. the storm lasted for at least a week.c. the author didnt like houston at all. d. houston was very badly damaged by the storm. （3）how did the author probably feel after the storm?a. anxious. b. disappointed. c. satisfied. d. scared.（4）what is the passage mainly about?a. ways

24、 to survive in a storm. b. the weather changes in houston.c. the authors experience in the storm. d. damages caused by the storm in houston.【答案】（1）b（2） a（3） c（4） c【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章描述了作者亲身经历的一场风暴 rita，作 者对于自己能够追逐并且记录这场风暴，感觉非常骄傲。尽管非常危险，但是作者非常热 爱自己的这份工作。(1) 推理判断题。由第二段 besides, i didnt sleep well f

25、or all these days, but i felt more relaxed since the weather report said rita was leaving. whats more, i was luckier than those people who had lost their homes or even worse, lost their lives because of rita. 可知，天气预报报道 rita 离 开了，它让许多人们失去了家园，甚至失去了生命。结合第一段中 i took a pressure reading from the weather s

26、tation: 947mb, which let me know exactly where i wasin the eye of the storm.可推知，rita”是一次风暴，选 b。(2) 推理判断题。由第三段 however, i came across another storm chaser ( 追逐者) who had 45 gallons of petrol.可推知，作者是一位风暴追逐者，选 a。(3) 推理判断题。由最后一段 all in all, when i came back home, i was proud that i finally made it again

27、 to follow and record the storm and i really learned a lot these days. although its dangerous, i love my job as not many people would go into the eye of an intense storm. 可推知，在这次风 暴之后，作者感觉很满意，故选 c。(4) 主旨大意题。这篇文章描述了作者亲身经历的一场风暴 rita，作者对于自己能够追逐并 且记录这场风暴，感觉非常骄傲。尽管非常危险，但是作者非常热爱自己的这份工作，故 选 c。【点评】写作意图、目的、态

28、度推断题作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及其修饰手 段中体会出来。询问写作目的的题，选项里常出现的词是： explain( 解释 ), prove ( 证明 ), persuade(劝说 ), advise(劝告), comment(评论), praise(赞扬), criticize( 批评), entertain(娱乐), demonstrate(举例 说明), argue(辩论), tell(讲述), analyze(分析)等。询 问 语 气 态 度 的 题 ， 选 项 里 常 出 现 的 词 是 ： neutral( 中 立 的 ), sympath

29、etic( 同 情 的 ), satisfied(满意的), friendly( 友好的), enthusiastic(热情的), subjective( 主观的), objective( 客观的), matter-of-fact( 实 事 求 是 的 ), pessimistic( 悲 观 的 ), optimistic( 乐 观 的 ), critical( 批 评 的 ), doubtful(怀疑的), hostile(敌对的), indifferent(冷淡的), disappointed(失望的)。3阅读理解samanta schweblin, one of the best you

30、ng spanish language novelists nominated ( 提名) by british literary magazine granta, has visited beijing to promote the first chinese edition of a collection of her short stories. the collection, birds in the mouth, has been translated and published by shanghai-based publisher reader.“sometimes i hold

31、 the chinese edition and choose a story at random and try to guess which one it is. but it is almost impossible for me; even the length is different.” says schweblin. “when a book is translated into a western language, i can at least understand some parts of my stories, and therefore suffer some dou

32、bt about the quality of the translation. but my chinese edition is more like an act of faith.”born in argentina in 1978, schweblin says she is influenced by the literary traditions of the la plata area, home to many famous latin-american novelists.interested in writing stories of ordinary lives wher

33、e suddenly something extraordinary happens, something new, strange or unknown, she thinks, “the stranger and the unknown are not always related to ghosts or aliens, but can be something related to the known world, something that actually could happen.”birds in the mouth tells of a divorced father wh

34、o worries about his 13-year-old daughter and her mysterious appetites. it turns out that his daughter eats live birds.the idea for this story came to schweblin when she was browsing the internet, “click, click, click, a picture of a little girl who looks frightened with her hands covering her mouth

35、came to my eyes. little by little, i developed the story in my mind, and then wrote it down” recalls schweblin.although there are elements of violence and bloodiness in schweblins stories, she skillfullyhides them, thinking the trick to writing a thrilling story is to stop the monster from appearing

36、, while maintaining a frightening and mysterious atmosphere.（1）samanta schweblin came to china to .a. pay a visit to beijing b. translate her stories into chinesec. help to make her book more popular d. publish her collection（2）when mentioning her chinese edition, schweblin thinks .a. she suffers so

37、me doubt about the quality of the translation b. her chinese edition is slightly different from the original onec. she can understand some parts of her chinese edition d. she has a strong belief in her chinese edition（3）from the passage we can tell, the author, .a. has an appetite for writing someth

38、ing extraordinary b. got the idea of her story birds in the mouth by designc. tried to quit describing violent and bloody scenes in her story d. thinks her writing style is mainly affected by some famous native novelists（4）we can probably read the passage in .a. a textbook b. a newspaper c. a report

39、 d. a science fiction【答案】（1）c（2） d（3） a（4） b【解析】 【分析】本文为应用文。主要对英国文学杂志格兰达提名的最年轻的西班牙 小说家之一 samanta schweblin 及其作品进行了简单的介绍。（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 1.samanta schweblin, has visited beijing to promote the firstchinese edition of a collection of her short stories.来北京是促销她的第一个中文版的短篇小说。由此可知，samanta 来中国就是为了让她的书受欢迎。故答案

40、选 c。（2） 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 “but my chinese edition is more like an act of faith”faith 与 belief 是同义词。由此可知，提及她的中文版的书时，她对自己的中文版本很 有信心。故答案选 d。（3） 推理判断题。文中第四段提到作者写的故事中关于平凡生活中突然发生了一些不寻常 的事情，一些新的、奇怪的或未知的事情，她认为这与人们已知世界有关的，有可能发生 的。第五段与第六段中的女孩吃鸟的故事，第七段中说作者的故事有暴力与血腥的元素，她的故事有一种惊悚与神秘。可知作者喜欢写一些不同寻常的东西，分析选项可知a 项（渴望写出

41、一些不同寻常的东西）符合题意，故答案选 a。（4）推理判断题。 samanta schweblin 是英国文学杂志格兰达提名的最年轻的西班牙 小说家之一，本文中对她及其作品进行了简单的介绍。因此可推断出本文有可能在报纸上 看到。故答案选 b。【点评】推理题的解题方法1. 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。2. 整合全文（段）信息进行推断。3. 利用语境的褒 贬性进行信息推断。 4. 根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。5. 根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。6. 结合已有的知识进行推断。4阅读理解can exercise during childhood protect you against memory

42、loss many decades later?exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain,in rats at least.this is an animal study,but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important 一 not just for physical development,but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive（认知的） developmen

43、t during ageing,says martin wojtowicz of the university of toronto,canada.in humans,it may delay the appearance of alzheimers symptoms（阿兹海默氏症）,possibly to the point of preventing them.wojtowiczs team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups,and placed running wheels in the cages of one group

44、 for a period of six weeks.around four months later when the rats had reached middle age the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box.when placed in the box,they froze with fear.two weeks later,the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same b

45、ox in the same room,the same box with the room arranged differently,and a completely different box in a different room.the rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations,suggesting they couldnt remember which one was dan

46、gerous.but those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.“the results suggest the amount of physical activity when were young,at least for rats,has influence on brain and cognitive healthin the form of better memorieswhen were older,says arth

47、ur kramer of northeastern university in boston,who has found that,in humans,exercise promotes the growth of new brain cells.（1）the study shows that_.a. physical activity is important for physical health b. using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats growthc. physical activity can prevent huma

48、ns alzheimers symptoms d. the more exercise a rat has when young,the better memory it will possess when older（2）how are paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed?a. by analyzing causes. b. by giving an example.c. by describing the process. d. by showing differences.（3）what does the underlined word it in pa

49、ragraph 2 refer to?a. exercise. b. development. c. benefit. d. study.（4）what is the authors attitude towards the animal study?a. negative. b. objective. c. critical. d. doubtful.【答案】（1）d（2） c（3） a（4） b【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过对实验鼠的实验，发现了动物在年轻时运动越 多，老年时的记忆力就越好。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“exercise early in life seem

50、s to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.”可知，锻炼对大脑终生有好处，至少对老鼠是这样的。故选 d。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第三段和第四段讲述 wojtowicz 的研究小组对老鼠进行试验的过 程，因此通过描述过程发展的。故选 c。（3） 考查词义猜测。根据第二段介绍一项动物研究，具体的运动对身体的发育很重要，对 于人类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。因此 it 在句中指的是具体的身体活动，也就 是锻炼。故选 a。（4） 考查观点态度。根据短文中对这项老鼠实验的过程及其结果的介绍，用数据表示，可 见作者对动物研

51、究的态度是很客观的。故选 b。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和观点态度四个题型的考查，是一 篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行 分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解one of the most striking findings of a newly research in the uk is that of the people interviewed, one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start

52、a family with.why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start close relationships? does modem life really make it harder to fall in love? or are we making it harder for ourselves? it is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships. women nol

53、onger rely upon partners for money or status. a man doesnt expect his wife to be in ( charge of running his household and raising his children.唯一的)but perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their indepen

54、dence.in theory, finding a partner should be much simpler these days. only a few generations ago, your choice of soul mate was limited by geography, social convention and family tradition. although it was never clear，many marriages were essentially arranged. now those barriers have been broken down.

55、 you can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening. when the world is your oyster ( 牡蛎), you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl.but it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by the limitations of choice. the expectations of partners are

56、raised to an unmanageable degree: good looks, impressive salary, kind to grandmother, and right socks. there is no room for error in the first impression.we think that a relationship can be perfect. if it isnt, it should be ended. we work to protect ourselves against future heartache and dont put in

57、 the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship. twelve-hour work at the office makes relaxed after-hours dating difficult. the cost of housing and child-raising creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership.（1）what is a contemporary family like in uk

58、today?a. couples share the burdens. b. men begin to depend on women.c. women are responsible for housework. d. it is difficult to take care of a family.（2）why do people preserve their independence?a. to live alone happily. b. to have more choices.c. to avoid marriages. d. to ignore traditions.（3）what makes it hard for people to date?a. mental headache in dating. b. the pressure to survive.c. bad luck in finding a partner.