(通用)2019高考英语复习精选题辑—语法强化训练(第三辑)

1、（通用）2019 高考英语复习精选题辑语法强化训练（第三辑）（助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气、定语从句和名词性从句、并列句和状语从句、特殊句式）语法强化训练 (七)助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气基础达标感悟高考.单句语法填空1(2017 北京卷)samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.【答案】 can 此处表示“班里最高的男孩塞缪尔可以很容易地够到书架顶 部的书”，应填 can“能够；可以”。2(2017 天津卷)my room is a mess, but i _ not clea

2、n it before i go out tonight.i can do it in the morning.【答案】need 由后面的“i can do it in the morning.”可知，此处表示“没必 要今晚打扫”，故 need not 符合语意。3(2015 四川卷)you _ be careful with the camera.it costs!【答案】must 考查情态动词的基本用法。句意：你千万要当心这个相机。 它价格不菲！从后面 it costs！可以推知说话者要求“你”对相机“千万要小心”， 此处表示必须，因此要用 must。4(2015 江苏卷)it might

3、 have saved me some trouble if i _ (know) the schedule.【答案】 had known 句意：如果我早知道这个计划表，可能会给我省去一 些麻烦。根据语境和主句中的 might have saved 可推知，此处表示对过去情况的 虚拟，故 if 引导的条件状语从句中谓语动词用 had done 结构，故填 had known。5(2016 北京卷)why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week ？if you _ (tell) me，i could have helped.【答案】had t

4、old 根据句意和相关信息判断，条件句表示与过去事实相反的 假设，此时从句用过去完成时，主句谓语用“情态动词have done”形式。6(2016 浙江卷)_ (have) the governments and scientists not worked together, aids-related deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.【答案】had 这是一个省略了从属连词 if 的虚拟语气句，使用了倒装句式。1 / 38根据主句的 would not have fallen 可知，这里是表示对过去的虚拟，故填 h

5、ad。 7(2016 全国卷)truly elegant chopsticks might _ (make) of goldand silver with chinese characters.【答案】be made chopsticks 和 make 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空 格前有 might，所以用 be made。8(2015 天津卷)i wish i _ (be) at my sisters wedding last tuesday, but i was on a business trip in new york then.【答案】had been wish 引导的虚拟语气

6、，与过去事实相反用 had done 形式 表达。.单句改错1(2015 四川卷)if you are me, would you talk to them? _【答案】arewere 根据句意可知，此处为虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，be 动词应用 were。2 (2015 全国卷)we must found ways to protect our environment. _ 【答案】foundfind 情态动词 must 后接动词原形。3 (2017 浙江卷)without hesitation, i decided to follow them and we did had lots of

7、 fun that day. _【答案】hadhave did 加强语气，后跟动词原形。4 (2016 全国卷)i should available any time after school next week. _ 【答案】should 后加 be 助动词后如果跟形容词应该加 be。5 (2016 江苏卷 )therefore ， rules should worked out and strictly observed. _【答案】should 后加 be 句意：因此，应该制定规则并严格遵守。rules 和 work out 之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态。名校模拟.单句语法填空1(20

8、18 贵州适应性测试 )what about japanese? they dislike the lotus and _ not give it as a gift to japanese because they regard it as the mourning flower.【答案】do 考查时态和主谓一致。结合语境可知，该句陈述的是一般常识， 应用一般现在时，且主语为 they，故该空用助动词 do。2(2018 安徽江淮十校联考)as the deadline is drawing near, no one _ leave with his own work uncompleted

9、.【答案】shall 句意：因为截止日期即将到来，不完成工作，任何人不许离 开。shall 用于第三人称陈述句中，表示命令、警告，符合句意。3 (2018 湖北四地七校第一次联考 )it is high time that you _ (consider) that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little.【答案】considered/should consider 在 it is high time that.句式中，从句用虚2 / 38拟语气，即：谓语动词用过去式或 should动词原形。4(2018

10、 浙江宁波九校联考)so you _ pay attention to sleeplessness. 【答案】 must/should 根据句意可知，此处为给别人提出建议，所以填must/should，表示“务必/应当”。5 (2018 浙江温州普通高中模拟 )i rewired the house and lowered the light switches so that paul _ reach things.【答案】could 根据 so that 可知，此处表示结果，意为“这样保罗就能够 够到了”，故填 could。6(2018 江西师大附中等五校联考)it has been acc

11、epted that all the students _ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.【答案】shall 在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、制度，应用 shall。 7(2018 浙江杭州地区七校模拟)when you phoned me, i was having a meeting;how i wish i _ (answer) your call.【答案】had answered 句意：当你给我打电话的时候，我正在开会。我多 么希望我(之前)接了你的电话。w

12、ish 后的从句中用虚拟语气，根据句意可知是对 过去情况的虚拟，所以谓语动词用 had done 形式。8(2018 天津七校联考)i was ill that day, or i _ (take) part in the sports meet.【答案】would have taken 由句中 or 可知此处为含蓄条件句，表示与过去 事实相反的假设，故用 would have done 结构。9i should not have laughed if i _ (think) you were serious.【答案】had thought 句意：如果我(当时)认为你是认真的，我就不会笑了。

13、主句中谓语动词使用 should not have laughed，表明与过去的事实相反，从句谓语 动词应该使用 had done 形式。10(2018 东北三校联考)the order came that the medical supplies _ (send) to the earthquake-stricken area soon.【答案】(should) be sent 表示建议、要求、命令等的名词 suggestion，order， request，advice 等的表语从句、同位语从句中谓语动词用(should)动词原形。.单句改错1this experience has bee

14、n shown that traveling by train actually is the safest way of making journeys. _【答案】去掉 been show 和 this experience 为主动关系，故去掉助动词 been。 2my father has always go to work by bike since then. _【答案】gogone 由 since then 可知该句应用完成时，go 的过去分词为 gone。3(2018 湖北华大联盟高三 2 月质检)i suggest that the school organizes a coo

15、king-learning activity to teach students to prepare some delicious food. _【答案】organizesorganize 句中动词 suggest 表建议，其后跟从句时，从3 / 38句谓语动词用“should动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略。4most citizens in hong kong strongly insisted that those who attacked the police with violence were put into prison. _【答案】werebe 句意：大多数香港市民

16、坚决要求那些用暴力袭击警察的 人被关进监狱。 insist 作“坚持，坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句的谓语用 “(should)动词原形”，这里 those 与 put 之间存在动宾关系，所以用 be put。5(2018 南昌十校二模)as a result ，i suggest we are given less homework and more time for out- of-classroom activities.only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life. _【答案】 arebe 虚拟语气错误。 suggest 在

17、此处表示“建议”，因此后跟 的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“shoulddo”形式，且 should 可以省 略。故此处应把 are 改为 be。6(2018 郑州第三次预测)he became very angry, but i dared not to tell him about the game. _【答案】删除 to 考查情态动词。dare 既可以作情态动词又可以作实义动词。 dare 的过去式为 dared，此处其前没有用助动词，说明 dare 在此用作情态动词， 故后跟动词原形。7(2018 四川成都五校联考)people neglect the fact that our

18、 parents are the dearest persons in the world, so we should nice to our parents. _【答案】should 后加 be 情态动词后用动词原形，而 nice 为形容词，因此其 前缺少 be 动词，故在 should 后加 be。8(2018 河北“五个一”名校联盟联考)there will a lecture in our library, at 4： 00 on wednesday afternoon. _【答案】will 后加 be 情态动词后用动词原形，而 a lecture 为名词，因此缺 少 be 动词，故在

19、 will 后加 be。9(2018 河北邯郸联考)however, just several days later, i began to feel tired and cant concentrate in class. _【答案】cantcouldnt and 连接两个并列的谓语，根据 began 可知，cant 也应用过去式形式。故将 cant 改为 couldnt。10(2018 湖南衡阳八中二模)it is true that no one should live without money in modern society. _【答案】shouldcan 根据句意可知，表示“能

20、，能够”，应用 can。 能力提升题组一.语法填空(2018 云南第二次检测)4 / 38bob dylan is an american songwriter，singer，artist and writer.he has been influential in popular music and culture for more than five decades.much of _1_ most celebrated work dates from the 1960s ，when his songs _2_(record)social unrest.his early songs lik

21、e blow ing in the wind became anthems( 圣歌 )for the american civil rights and anti-war movements.dylan has toured steadily _3_ the late 1980s on what has been described as “the never ending tour”he is very successful in his career as a recording artist and performer ，but his _4_(great) achievement li

22、es in his songwriting.since 1994，dylan has published seven books of drawings and paintings，and his work has been _5_ (wide) exhibited in america.as a _6_(music)，dylan has sold more than 100 million records ，_7_(make) him one of the best- selling artists of all time.he has received numerous awards in

23、cluding eleven grammy awards ，a golden globe award and an academy award.in may 2012 ，dylan received the presidential medal of freedom，_8_ was presented by president barack obama.in 2016 ，he _9_(award)the nobel prize in literature “for having created new poetic expressions within the great american s

24、ong tradition”，joining george bernard shaw as _10_ only person to win an academy award and nobel prize.【解题导语】本文是一篇人物介绍，主要介绍了美国集作词家、歌唱家、艺 术家及作家于一身的 bob dylan 的生平及其成就。1 his 考查形容词性物主代词。根据空格后的名词“work”可知，此处应 用形容词性物主代词，表示“他最著名的作品”。故填 his。2 recorded 考查动词的时态。when 引导定语从句，先行词为“the 1960s”， 因此定语从句应用一般过去时。故填 rec

25、orded。3 since 考查连词。句意为：自从20 世纪 80 年代后期，dylan 就进行了有 规律的巡回演出根据句子用现在完成时可知，应用连词 since。4 greatest 考查形容词的最高级。根据前面的“he is very successful”以及 空格前面的“ but”和后面的“ achievement”可知，此处应用最高级，表示他最 大的成就在于歌曲创作。故填 greatest。5 widely 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用 wide 的副词形式 修饰动词 exhibit。故填 widely。6 musician 考查名词。此处表示“作为一个音乐家”。故填 m

26、usician。 7making 考查非谓语动词。句意为：作为一名音乐家，dylan 已经卖出了一亿多张唱片，这使得他成为有史以来最畅销的艺术家之一。根据句意可知，此 处应用现在分词短语作结果状语，表示意料之内的结果。故填 making。8which 考查定语从句。句意为：在 2012 年 5 月，dylan 获得了总统自由 勋章，由当时的美国总统奥巴马颁发。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性 定语从句，先行词为 the presidential medal of freedom，指物，在从句中作主语， 故用 which 引导该从句。5 / 389 was awarded 考查动词的时态和语

27、态。根据时间状语“in 2016 ”可知， 此处应用一般过去时；“ award”和“ he”之间构成动宾关系，因此应用一般过 去时的被动语态。故填 was awarded。10 the 考查冠词。根据空格后面的“only person to win. ”可知，应用定 冠词 the，表示特指。长难句分析：in 2016, he was awarded the nobel prize in literature “for having created new poetic expressions within the great american song tradition”.(第二段 最后一句

28、)译文：2016 年，dylan“因在伟大的美国传统歌曲中创造出新的诗意的表达 方式”而被授予诺贝尔文学奖.短文改错(2018 甘肃省兰州市高考诊断考试)now id like to share with you a strange experience i had a month before.it may sound funny，and its true.after a days hard work i went to bed early than usual.it was about two oclock in the morning ，and suddenly i woke up.i

29、heard a noise.i got out of bed and went slow downstairs.i listened carefully.i could heard two men speaking quietly.i believed two thieves had broken into my house and i was really frightened，so i went back to upstairs，and immediately phone the police from my bedroom.the police arrived quickly.they

30、opened front door with a special key and went into the living room.you can imagine what embarrassed i was when they came upstairs and told me we had turned the television off for me and everything was all right.【答案】now id like to share with you a strange experience i had a month before.it mayagosoun

31、d funny ，and its true.after a days hard work i went to bed early than usual.itbut earlierwas about two oclock in the morning ，and suddenly i woke up.i heard a noise.i got out of bed and went slow downstairs.i listened carefully.i could heard two menslowly hearspeaking quietly.i believed two thieves

32、had broken into my house and i was really frightened，so i went back to upstairs，and immediately phone the police fromphonedmy bedroom.the police arrived quickly.they opened front door with a special keytheand went into the living room.you can imagine what embarrassed i was when theyhowcame upstairs

33、and told me we had turned the television off for me and everything wasall right.they第一处：before 改为 ago。考查副词。根据句中的 had 可知，此处应用副词 ago。第二处：and 改为 but。考查连词。根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折6 / 38关系，故用连词 but。第三处：early 改为 earlier。考查副词比较级。根据句中的than 可知，此处用 副词比较级作状语，修饰动词 went。第四处：slow 改为 slowly。考查副词。此处应用副词 slowly 修饰动词 went，

34、 在句子中作状语。第五处：heard 改为 hear。考查情态动词的用法。情态动词 could 后跟动词原 形。第六处：删除 to。考查介词。upstairs 在此处是副词，在句子中作状语，前 面不需要介词来修饰。第七处：phone 改为 phoned。考查动词时态。根据上文的 went 可知，此处 应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情。第八处：front 前加 the。考查冠词。door 是可数名词，且此处由形容词 front 修饰，表示特指，故用定冠词。第九处：what 改为 how。考查连接词。此处应用 how 引导宾语从句，在从 句中作状语，修饰形容词 embarrassed。第十处：w

35、e 改为 they。考查代词。根据上文的 they 可知，此处表示的是警 察，故用第三人称代词。题组二.语法填空(2018 广州检测二)in the west we are familiar with ballets like sw an lake.but theres another classical dance form with a long history _1_ has only recently burst onto the world scene.it is called classical chinese dance.classical chinese dance is _2

36、_ incredibly demanding，refined，and expressive dance form.alongside ballet ，it is also one of the most comprehensive dance systems _3_(know) to humankind._4_ recently，few people outside china had ever heard of classical chinese dance.one major reason was that when chinese companies performed abroad,

37、they often mixed chinese dance with western dance styles.and so the audience left the theater not sure exactly _5_ they had just seen.in 2006 ，however，the shen yun performing arts company _6_(establish)in new york.its mission was to promote _7_(tradition)culture ， and this included _8_(present)class

38、ical chinese dance in its purest form.not quite a decade later ， classical chinese dance has become much _9_(well)recognised and is starting to influence western ballet.although they have significant differences，both ballet and classical chinese dance have the ability to vividly tell _10_(story)and

39、move us through beautiful art.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国古典舞在西方国家的发 展历程。7 / 381 which/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句， 补充完整是：classical dance form has only recently burst onto the world scene，所以 该定语从句的先行词是“ classical dance form”，指物，且从句中缺主语。故用 which/that。2 an 考查冠词。结合句意可知，此处指中国古典舞是一种要求极高、精 致且传神的舞种。空格处表示“一种”

40、，是泛指，且空格后的“incredibly”的读 音以元音音素开头。故用 an。3 known 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句有谓语动词“is”， 所以此处应用非谓语动词；因为动词 know 与它修饰的名词“systems”之间是被 动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。故用 known。4 until 考查连词。根据语境可知，此处指直到最近，很少有外国人听说 过中国的古典舞。until 意为“到为止”，通常与完成时态搭配，until recently 意为“直到最近”，符合语境。故用 until。注意首字母大写。5 what 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，“ they ha

41、d just seen”是 “sure”之后的宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语。故用 what。6 was established 考查动词的时态和语态。动词 establish 与“the shen yun performing arts company ”之间是被动关系；又因为本文都使用了一般过去时， 因此空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故用 was established。7 traditional 考查词性转换。结合句意可知，此处指它的宗旨是推广传统 文化。 此处应用形容词来修饰名词“culture”。故用 traditional。1 presenting 考查非谓语动词。 include

42、后要接动名词作宾语。故用 presenting。1 better 考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，不到十年的时间，中国的古 典舞已经被人们更好地认可并且影响到西方的芭蕾舞了。此处 much 修饰副词 well 的比较级。故用 better。2 stories 考查名词复数。story 是可数名词，其前没有冠词修饰，故应用 其复数形式。故用 stories。.短文改错(2018 山西省太原市高三年级模拟试题一)as is known to we all，americas national pastime is baseball.it has played in this country sinc

43、e the first settlers arrive.it was a national ball what was liked by many americans at that time.although baseball possibly developed from an english game， it is now thought of like an american sport.from the little league to the major league ， player of all skill levels enjoy testing their power on

44、 the “field of dreams”famous players，exciting music but the standard stadium food of hot dogs， popcorn and peanuts are popularly among americans.in a fact，americans make go to the baseball game a favorite summer outing for many americans nowadays.【答案】8 / 38as is known to we all，americas national pas

45、time is baseball.it has playedus beenin this country since the first settlers arrive.it was a national ball what was liked byarrived that/whichmany americans at that time.although baseball possibly developed from an english game，it is now thought of like an american sport.from the little league to t

46、heasmajor league ，player of all skill levels enjoy testing their power on the“field ofplayersdreams”famous players，exciting music but the standard stadium food of hotanddogs，popcorn and peanuts are popularly among americans.inafact，americanspopularmake go to the baseball game a favorite summer outin

47、g for many americans goingnowadays.第一处：we 改为 us。考查代词。与语境中介词 to 呼应，故此处用代词的宾 格形式 us 作介词 to 的宾语。第二处：has 后加 been。考查动词语态。主语 it 指代 baseball，和谓语动词 play 构成被动关系，故在 has 后加 been。第三处：arrive 改为 arrived。考查动词时态。since 意为“自从”时，从句用 一般过去时，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。第四处：what 改为 that/which。考查关系词。that/which 引导定语从句，在从 句中作主语，修饰先行词 a n

48、ational ball。第五处： like 改为 as 。考查介词。固定搭配 think of.as.意为“把当 做”，符合语境，故用介词 as。第六处：player 改为 players。考查名词复数。player 是可数名词，与语境 of all skill levels 呼应，故此处用复数形式。第七处：but 改为 and。考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的并列关 系，故用连词 and。第八处：popularly 改为 popular。考查形容词。与语境中 are 呼应，故用形容 词 popular 作表语。第九处：删除 a。考查固定搭配。固定搭配 in fact 意为“事实上”

49、，符合语 境，故删除 a。第十处：go 改为 going。考查动名词。此处 going to the baseball game 是动名 词短语作谓语动词 make 的宾语，符合语境。9 / 38语法强化训练 (八)定语从句和名词性从句基础达标感悟高考.单句语法填空1(2017 全国卷)but sarah, _ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.【答案】who 所填词引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，指人， 故用 who。2

50、(2017 浙江卷 6 月)pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, _ it remained until the carrots leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长) through it.【答案】 where 所填词引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作状语，先行 词是表示地点的 the garden，故填 where。3(2017 天津卷)my el

51、dest son, _ work takes him all over the world， is in new york at the moment.【答案】whose 所填词引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作 work 的定语， 故用 whose。4(2017 北京卷)the little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.【答案】 that/which 所填词引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，先行词为 the little problems，因此用 that 或 wh

52、ich。5(2016 全国卷)some people think that the great chinese scholar confucius, _ lived from roughly 551 to 479 b c., influenced the development of chopsticks.【答案】who 所填词引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，指人，所 以填 who。6 (2016 浙江卷 )scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of _ has been

53、 proved.【答案】 which 句意：就人类为什么哭出眼泪，科学家提出了许多理论， 但没有一项理论得到过证明。先行词为 theories，将先行词代入定语从句后为： none of the theories has been proved.，由此可见先行词(指“物”)在定语从句中作 介词 of 的宾语，且介词 of 已被提前，故答案为 which。7(2016 江苏卷)many young people, most of _ were well-educated,10 / 38headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.【答案】 who

54、m 句意：很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们 中大部分都受过良好的教育。先行词为 young people，指人，将先行词代入定语 从句后为：most of the_young_people were well-educated.，由此可见先行词在定语 从句中作介词 of 的宾语，故答案为 whom。8(2015 重庆卷)he wrote many childrens books，nearly half of _ were published in the 1990s.【答案】which 此题的先行词是 childrens books，指物，因此关系词用 which。 此处是“代词介

55、词which”型的非限制性定语从句。9(2016 北京卷)the most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.【答案】 that 本空需要连接词引导表语从句，连接词在从句中不作任何成 分，也无任何意义，只起连接作用，故用 that 引导。10 (2016 天津卷 )the manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant. there is too much work to do.【答案】that sug

56、gestion 后是同位语从句，从句的结构和意义均完整，故用 that 引导。11(2017 天津卷)she asked me _ i had returned the books to the library, and i admitted that i hadnt.【答案】if/whether 所填词引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，但表示“是 否”意义，故用 if 或 whether。12(2017 北京卷)every year, _ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the kite festival.【答案】 whoever 句意：每年，无