渗透检测规程-PTinstruction

1、渗透检测工艺规程Penetration Test Instruction精选目录Contents1 范围 scope2 引用标准、法规 normative references3 检测人员 personnel4 基本程序 basic procedures5 渗透检测剂 reagent for penetration test6 对比试块 reference blocks7 表面准备 surface preparation8 渗透检测方法 penetration testing methods9 渗透检测操作 penetration testing operation1 范围 scope 本规程

2、适用于金属材料制成的成品及其零部件表面开口缺陷的检测 方法，主要包括着色渗透检测。The document is applicable to surface imperfection inspection for metallic finished products and components, mainly hinging upon dying and penetration tests.2.引用标准、法规 Normative ReferencesISO 3452-5 焊缝无损检测 -熔化焊接头渗透检测ISO 3452-5 Non-Destructive Tests For Welds-

3、Penetrant Test For Fusion Welded Joints3 检测人员 Personnel 检测人员按 “根据 ISO 9712:2005 无损检测人员资格鉴定和认证考 核规则” 或国家相应检测机构颁发的有效证件持证上岗，并严格执 行审核制度。Personnel involved into penetration test should be those who are in possession of certificates issued by relevant examination body in accordance withISO 9712:2005 Non-

4、Destructive Test- Qualification & Certification of Personnel.4 基本程序 Basic Procedures 渗透检测操作的基本步骤： basic steps include following a 预清洗 pre-cleaning；b 施加渗透液 applying penetration solution；c 清洗多余的渗透液 cleaning superabundantpenetration solution；d 施加显像剂 applying developer；e 观察及评定显示迹痕 observing and interpre

5、ting photograph。5 渗透检测剂 Reagent For Penetration Test 渗透检测剂一般包括渗透剂、乳化剂、清洗剂和显像剂。渗透剂贮存 温度为1550C，避免阳光直照，并放在低温暗处保存。如发现有 明显的混浊或沉淀物，变色或难以清 洗，予以报废。湿式显像剂应 保持在适当的浓度范围内。 检测剂对工件无腐蚀， 对人体无毒害作用。 对奥氏体钢材料， 一定量检测剂蒸发后残渣中的氯、 氟元素含量的重 量比不得超过 1%。Generally, reagents for penetration test include penetrants, emulsifiers, det

6、ergents and developers. Penetrants should be stored in dark place with temperature ranging from 15 to 50C and not directly exposed to sunshines.They shall be discarded in case of any obvious turbidity or precipitate, color changes or difficulties in cleaning. Wet developer should be maintained withi

7、n suitable concentration range. Inspection reagent shall neither cause corrosion to workpieces nor create danger to personnel. For austenic steel, percentage of chlorine and fluorine in residue when testing reagent evaporates should not exceed 1。 %6 对比试块 Reference Blocks 对比试块主要用于检验检测剂性能及操作工艺。所用对比试块有

8、： reference blocks are mainly used for inspecting reagent properties andtesting procedures effectiveness. All reference blocks include:5.1 铝合金试块 aluminum alloy reference blocks5.2 镀铬试块 reference blocked plated with chromium 对比试块使用后要进行彻底清洗。Reference blocks should be thoroughly cleaned after being app

9、lied.7 表面准备 Surface Preparation 工件表面不得有铁锈、氧化皮、焊接飞溅、铁屑、毛刺以及各种防护 层。被检工件机加工表面粗糙度 Ra值为6.3卩m,被检工件非机加工 表面粗糙度Ra值为12.5卩m,不能打磨的工件可适当放宽。局部检 测时,准备工作范围可从检测部位四周向外扩展 25mm。Workpiece surface should be free of rust, oxides, welding spatters, chips, burs and protection coatings. The roughness of surface machined, Ra,

10、 should be 6.3卩 m; the roughness of surface not machined, Ra, should be 12.5卩 m; for workpieces which cannot be grinded, the requirement is not so strict. In case that penetration test is conducted locally, preparation area shall expand externally by 25mm with the point to be tested as center.8 渗透检测

11、方法 Penetration Inspection Methods采用溶剂去除型着色渗透剂(代号VC)、快干显像剂(代号S),其检测方法的符号为 VC S。Penetration reagen(t designated by VC) and fast-drying developer (designated by S) shall be removed by solvent. This test technique is designated by VC S.9 渗透检测操作 Penetration Inspection Operation9.1 预清洗 Pre-Cleaning 去除表面污垢

12、。清洗时，采用配套的清洗剂。 清洗后，检测面应干燥， 不得有遗留的溶剂和水分。Surface should be kept from contamination. Suitable detergent should be applied for cleaning which shall be accompanied by drying, ensuring surface free of any residual solvent or water.9.2 施加渗透剂 Applying Penetration Reagent 具体的施加方法采用喷涂或刷涂，保证被检部位完全被渗透剂复盖， 并在整个渗

13、透时间内保持润湿状态。Penetration reagent shall be sprayed or brushed to the position to be examined where must be covered completely, and keep reagent moist during the whole penetrating course.9.2.1 渗透时间及温度 Time and Temperature在1550 C的温度条件下，渗透时间一般不得少于10min。Generally, penetrating time should be no less than 10

14、min. when temperature ranges from 152 to 50C .9.3 清洗多余的渗透剂 Cleaning Away Superabundant Peneration Reagent在清洗工件表面上多余的渗透剂时， 应注意防止过度清洗而使检测质 量下降，同时也应注意防止清洗不足而造成对缺陷显示识别困难。 一 般先用干净不脱毛的破布依次擦拭，直至大部分多余渗透剂被清除 后，再用蘸有清洗剂的干净不脱毛的破布或纸 进行擦拭，直至将被 检面上多余的渗透剂全部擦净。不得往复擦拭，不得用清洗剂直 接 在被检面上冲洗。When cleaning away superabundan

15、t penetration reagent, avoid over-cleaning which maydamage testing results, and incomplete cleaning which may cause difficulty in photograph development and interpretation. Generally, wipe with clean and napless cloth away most superabundant penetration reagent; then clean with clean and napless clo

16、th dipped in detergent away all residual excessive reagent. Neither wiping back and forth nor rinsing with detergent is forbidden.9.4 干燥处理 drying 施加快干显像剂之前，检测面需干燥处理。一般进行自然干燥，此时 被检面温度不得大于50C，干燥时间为5 10min。Prior to applying fast-drying developer, surface examined shall be dryed. Natual drying is usuall

17、y adopted; in this case, the temperature of examined surface shall not exceed 5U , and drying time keeps 10min.9.5 施加显像剂 Applying developer 显像剂在使用前应充分搅拌均匀， 显像剂施加应薄而均匀， 不可在同 一地点反复施加。喷施显像剂时，喷嘴离被检面为300400mm,喷洒方向与被检面夹角为 30 40，显像时间不应少于 7min。Developer should be fully mixed prior to being applied. It shoul

18、d be thinly and homogeneously smeared. When spraying developer, thedista nee from the no zzle to surface exam ined shall be mai ntai ned 300 400mm; angle between spray and the face inspeeted is 3CH 40 ; and developing time shall be no less than 7min.9.6 观察 Observation观察显示迹痕应在施加显像剂后730min内进行，可见光照度500lx，必要时可用510倍放大镜观察或复验。Observasion shall be observed in 7 30min after developer is applied, and illumination should be more than 500lx. Observe or recheck