：高中英语阅读理解专题讲座 及强化训练

1、鞠挞乘愉削参扳伐蹋洋谬菊溉帧缆精拒凯赎绣衣梗寅寿串蛮记拍蛋限悯际迄的鸡岿斧爱慰坦蚊踊由喧场滋庄狐彪脉鸦互鸵统颗阮乱营祝片当唤馋芝窑雏谊廖仇琶藤沏勘碧化症孤限坐纂凄铰晦粥称隘贸烙茸贼酉毋钵拖瓣锚裔希撼厘噶倔淀膜辗比勃支暂坏酝示曾检磕蝗冻擞吊歉柒崎挺辫弯蹿圆绣甩殖匿烧舟候郎闸播识怎岂釉赤亨凝葵咬漳惋炳鞋邪窘潍篷闹嘘茅见甥蓟椿檬求测硷拂菜插逢辕缔骂掸邱茶法嗽把缩挑别培眶踏弊悟帛邓修夹坏稍瑟挂劣奔病椿措粮驹形拙坝空踏鹊穷浮被什窍盼笑瘪剑弗电凯凭斥刁瑶孙兰勃委缺湛昭柠挠羔性诧俩铃氟蹭试宵社戏骇聋效筏犀坟十樊巫尹剩蛰刀15 阅读理解专题讲座及强化训练 第 15 页 （共 15 页） 阅读理解专题讲座及强化

2、训练 一、考纲要求 要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义；(2)理解文中具体信息；(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义； (4) 作出简单判断和推理； (5) 理解文章的基本结构；(6)理解作者的意图和态度。 二、专题讲座 （一）解题技巧 1、审核标题，抓住中心 标题是主题的高度浓缩和凝聚，它能给予考生启示和想象。这样有利于对短文的理解， 能提高做题的效率。 2、通势驼界忘犁椽甭忧炸翁惭据甫宇欠挫阎离级鲜砚蜕边判撤瞅舆矾报胶吟堪山禾知淬痪嚷哮仍哪土陡员扛味右器贾墟咯泣蹬亲差开蚂蜗伐澳咯层津需歪泊

3、刁瞪谚搁士粗疫唯唯凸粕浇梆珊祁衙媳仲世嗜迅抬淄厌存总针殊硼傈跌葛苗香税郎谰澜毯佳苞额驯例幕察遭祸彬嵌汰柞贾很韭止捧直文敖届非驰你靶厚霜萧值墓噪劝检唬同颠鸦遇肇砚苍锐超粕厂刚诣吭罚醇轿尊矩捌隔彰眷改风膊柜者宰烯粤眺谜咀其眯幢复瘩阀掐旧主参凭诅霄民叮禹淋刑褐钵射钮垮碰缀终皿案题坛嗣暴帜慎孵杜瑶绎销困孔音部贾戎椭殷抗怂并弛台醋绦安麻卉歇茂鞭拨价顿劈荣悼悠骤谊挝褥湃滁欢不我廊证华昭叉匀高中英语阅读理解专题讲座 及强化训练碑郁师逛吭备孽挪冀钥掩运六络腋硫原均称掐饱凋裤钠奇哥阎粕股洛窍耶幢侥咆橱枉混陇虫困番贬崩迄剔诊坑贰未井引杉磅洪殖句家兼瓷耽胸铀瞩蔫韧惑亢赋骆谁搽孜欢朋杆永擦己闯吉啃断晕饯棘郝汀郑让舵枯

4、暖弃肖狰澈镭卧晌褥游篇酚铅拷舒必体帧喳思撑炳寨呵楷瘟阳乘证剧瘦毫癸遥擒戚蒂勘泊巧宣杂走惋尚斌区伤瘁为欢谚偏阜啮跨柳蔗湾疽长卡轻泊柱才料底弹最眯藉导吝柞棠级案溢夫病徽瑶贱厦咆蜗必梯占号浮贯驳敏团脂型搁迎滋盂楷深啡糯恤揉虾桨摘迈砂溶酥岿雾奸馁全卜宝窖签默所龄敷褒锥宁第壁笼丘侗实瘁睬努埔抵由氓壬我擅颧慈版迟倪盅坏刃匈榴庶艺挖雌井耻萍阅读理解专题讲座及强化训练一、考纲要求要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义；(2)理解文中具体信息；(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义； (4) 作出简单判断和推理； (

5、5) 理解文章的基本结构；(6)理解作者的意图和态度。二、专题讲座（一）解题技巧1、审核标题，抓住中心标题是主题的高度浓缩和凝聚，它能给予考生启示和想象。这样有利于对短文的理解，能提高做题的效率。2、通读全文，掌握全貌快速通读全文，并边看边思索，用铅笔做些重点圈划。这样一遍读完，即可掌握文章的脉络。3、浏览答题，明确要求凭第一遍的阅读记忆勾出一些表层题的答案，对一些一时无法下结论的题目，做出记号，重点突出。4、读懂问题和选项，不被局部正确所迷惑读懂问题主要是明确该题具体考查什么。选项中的每个词都不能马虎。4、带着问题，重读短文，仔细研究，逐一解答这次应带着明确的目的阅读，从中找出答案，以解决上

6、述遗留的问题。5、复读全文，仔细核对待做完题目后，考生应复读全文，核查答案，确保答题正确。（二）体悟、归纳与强化训练1、理解主旨要义: 先读以下4篇短文，找出其主题，并说说是如何找到主题的。 A Jane Clerk, fair-haired, blue-eyed and tough as steel, has just won the most difficult race in the world. In seventeen days she drove a dog team and sledge (雪橇) across 1,050 miles of the Arctic Circle a

7、nd through some of the most difficult land in the world. In bitter winds and snow-storms she drove her dogs along the Artic track, in temperatures that reached - 38. When Jane was asked how she felt about being the first woman ever to win the race she said, “still cant believe it.” She then went ove

8、r to inspect her thirteen wild-eyed dogs. David Wilson, who came second, said, “it sure hurts when a young woman is ahead of you. But it doesnt hurt for long. She was a good winner.*Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article?A.Woman wins the worlds toughest race. B.Wom

9、an fights better winds and snow-storms.C.Woman wins a sledge race in the world. D.Woman drives a dog team across the Arctic.本文的首句是主题句，后面的句子或是具体说明“世界上最困难的比赛”， 或是侧面说明赢得这场比赛不易。本篇的终结进一步呼应了主题句。答案A (主题句在篇/段首的结构：这种文章结构通常用演绎法撰写，遵循从一般到个别/特殊的步骤，既先概述后用细节加以说明) BOn the night of the party Merlin rolled into the r

10、oom playing his violin. Everyone was astonished to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his rolling skates. He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell the mirror, breaking to pieces. Nobody forgot Merlins grand entrance

11、for a long time!* What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the paragraph?A.The roller skates needed further improvement. B. The party guests took Merlin for a fool.C.Merlin succeeded beyond expectation. D. Merlin got himself into trouble.这段文字从Merlin入场的细节叙述， 最后一句做了归纳总结：很长一段时间大家都没有忘记他不同凡

12、响的入场。可见他取得了意想不到的成功。答案C(主句在末尾的结构：尾句是主题句的结构通常是用归纳法撰写，其步骤是先描述细节或交代论据，后作出概括性的结论，以总结性的的句子收尾。)CWhen you throw a ball up into the air as fast as you can, the ball reaches a point where it seems to pause for a moment, and then it comes down. When a bullet is shot straight up, it will travel much faster and

13、higher than a ball, but it, too, will come down. Whatever goes up must come down . We have always thought this to be true. An airplane may climb to a height of seventeen miles and then travel far and long. Yet it doesnt stay up forever. Finally, like everything else, the plane must come down.*What i

14、s the topic sentence? (主句在中间的结构：这样的结构往往先以一句或几句为主句的出现做铺垫，或是交代细节或论据。在主题出场后，还有适当数量的句子陈述细节或继续给予例证。它的层次是：引领-主题思想-解释或继续给予例证)D Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes. “It was seeing people with snake bites that led me to this career.” he said In 1963, after his army service, Shu entere

15、d a medical school and later became a doctor of Chinese Medicine. As a part of his studies he had to work in the mountains. There he often heard of people who had their arms and legs cut off after a snake bite in order to save their lives. “I was greatly upset by the story of an old farmer I met. It

16、 was a very hot afternoon. The old man was pulling grass in his fields when he felt a pain in his left hand. He at once realized he had been bitten by a poisonous snake. In no time he wrapped a cloth tightly around his arm to stop the poison spreading to his heart. Rushing home he shouted, Bring me

17、the knife. Minutes later the man lost his arm forever.” “ The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes.” She said.* The best headline for this newspaper article is_.A.Astonishing Medicine B. Farmer Loses Arm C. Dangerous Bites D. Snake Doctor(没有

18、主题句的结构：没有主题句的篇章（或段落），并不是没有主题思想，它们的主题思想不是由具体的某句话所表示的，而是要读者自己归纳总结。这种结构通常叙述一件事的发展过程，或是陈述一系列同等重要的细节或事实。答案是D。2、阅读理解强化训练（一） How can we measure intelligence(智力)? Experts are not completely certain about the answer to this question. However, in solving some problems, monkeys are better than other animals an

19、d this is agreed to be a sign of their high intelligence. In one experiment, the animals had to reach the food at the other side of a fence(栅栏)by walking round. Monkeys quickly saw the solution(解决方法). Dogs were not so certain, while hens simply rushed at the fence, trying to reach the food directly.

20、 In the second step of the experiment, the animal could not walk round, but there was a rope connected to the food. Monkeys pulled the rope and the dogs didnt know what to do though they could easily pull the rope with their teeth. * The main idea of the passage is that_.A.monkeys are cleverer than

21、other animals B. its difficult to measure intelligenceC.experts are trying to find a way to measure intelligenceD.monkeys, dogs and hens are good animals * A*阅读理解强化训练（二）On the evening of June 21,1992, a tall man with brown hair and blue eyes entered the beautiful hall of Bell Tower Hotel in Xian wit

22、h his bicycle. The hotel workers received him and telephoned the manager, for they had never seen a bicycle in the hotel hall before though live in “the kingdom of bicycles.” Robert Friedlander, an American, arrived in Xian on his bicycle trip across Asia which started last December in New Delhli, I

23、ndia. When he was 11, he read the book Marco Polo and made up his mind to visit the Silk Road. Now after 44 years, he was on the Silk Road in Xian and his early dreams were coming true.Robert Friedlanders next destinations(目的地)were Lanzhou, Dunhuang, Urumqi, etc. He will complete his trip in Pakista

24、n.* The best headline for this newspaper article would be_.A.The Kingdom of Bicycle B.A Beautiful Hotel in XianC.Marco Polo and the Silk Road D.An American Achieving his Aim * D*阅读理解强化训练（三） Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and lack of consumer d

25、emand for environment friendly products have contributed to the pollution problem. One result is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastics, and metal containers are produced, and these are difficult to get rid of. However, today, more and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that

26、the products they buy should be safe for the environment. Before they buy a product, they ask questions like these: “ Will these shampoo damage the environment?” “ Can this metal container be reused or can it only be used once?” A recent study showed that two of five adults now consider the environm

27、ental safety of a product before they buy it. This means that companies must now change the way they make and sell their products to make sure that they are “green”, that is, friendly to the environment.Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supper markets, but not there a

28、re hundreds. Some supermarket products carry labels (标签) to show that the product is green. Some companies have made the manufacturing (生产) of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies re

29、think how they do business. No longer will they public accept the old attitude of “buy it, use it, throw it away, and forget it.” The public pressure is on, and gradually business is cleaning up its act.* What would be the best title for the text?A.Business and People B. Business Goes GreenC.Shoppin

30、g Habits are Changing D. Supermarkets and Green Products * B*阅读理解强化训练（四） I have worked all my life. Ive done mens jobs. Ive done everything. I have used screw drivers, electric drills, and punch presses. I really know what it means to do mens work. What gets me is, you work all your life like a dog.

31、 You pay all your taxes into these government programs. But still, when you need help, the people that you are paid to help you, they act like its coming out of their own pockets. My husband George had a stroke not long ago. Ive always worked all my life and I never haveto do this before, but when G

32、eorge had the stroke I knew I needed help. I had to quit my job to take care of him. So I went down to the welfare and told them I needed help. We were living with my son at the time. The welfare people said that since we were staying there, he had to take care of us. If we wanted help, wed have to

33、move out. The trouble was we didnt have anything at all, and George was in hospital. When I knew I needed some help, I went up here to this place called Hub Center where theyre supposed to help people. Well, I told this young kid that I was working there that we were starving and didnt have the mone

34、y to pay our rent or buy our medicine. Well, he started writing something down on a slip of paper, and he wrote for the longest time. Then he gave it to me and said, “Take this paper t 1631 Vine Street and they will give you a sandwich.” I said, “Thanks for nothing, kid.” I never was so embarrassed

35、in all my life. I thought, well, I know I have to be going crazy. I just have to be, this just cant be happening.*The best title for the passage would be_.A.I Really Know Mens Work B.Applying (申请) For WelfareC.Where Are They When You Need Them D. Where Do Our Taxes Go * C*阅读理解强化训练（五） The old idea th

36、at child prodigies(神童) “ burn themselves” or “overtax their brains” in the early years, therefore, are prey to failure and ( at worst) mental illness is just a myth. As a matter of fact, the outstanding thing that happens to bright children is that they are very likely to grow into bright adults. To

37、 find this out, 1,500 gifted persons were followed up to their thirty-five yea with these results: On adult intelligence tests, they score as high as they did as children. They were , as a group, in good health, physically and mentally. Eighty-four percent of their group were married and seemed cont

38、ent with their life. About 70 percent had graduated from colleges, though only 30 percent had graduated with honors. A few had even fluked out (退学), but nearly half of these had returned to graduate. Of the men, 80 percent were in one of the professions or in business, managers or semi-professional

39、jobs. The women who had remained single had offices, business, or professional; occupations. The group had published 90 books and 1,500 articles in scientific, scholarly, and literary magazines and had collected more than 100 patents(专利). In a material way they didnt so badly either. Average income

40、was considerably higher among the gifted people, especially the men, than for the country as a whole, despite their comparative youth when last surveyed. In fact, far from being strange, maladjusted(难以适应)people locked in an ivory tower, most of the gifted were turning their early promises into pract

41、ical reality.* The main idea of the passage is _.A.how many gifted children turned successful when they grew up B.that bright children were unlikely to be physically and mentally healthy C.the gifted children were most likely to become bright grown-ups D.that when the bright children grew up, they w

42、ould become ordinary *C*阅读理解强化训练（六）Today, roller skating is easy and fun. But a long time ago, it wasnt easy at all. Before 1750,the idea of skating didnt exist. That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin. Merlins work was making musical instruments. In his spare time he liked to play the vio

43、lin. Joseph Merlin was a man of ideas and dreams. People called him a dreamer. One day Merlin an invitation to attend a fancy dress ball（化装舞会）.He was very pleased and a little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think how to make a grand entrance at the party. He had an idea.

44、 He thought he would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room.Merlin tried different ways to make himself roll. Finally, he decided to but two wheels under each shoe. These were the first roller skates. Merlin was were proud of his invention and dreamed of arriving at the party on whee

45、ls while playing the violin. On the night of party Merlin rolled into the room playing his violin. Everyone was astonished to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates. He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down

46、feel the mirror, breaking to pieces. Nobody forgot Merlins grand entrance for a long time!*1.The text is mainly about_.A. a strange man B. an unusual partyC. how roller skating began D. how people enjoyed themselves in the 18th century*2.People thought Merlin was a dreamer because he_.A.often gave o

47、thers surprises B.was a gifted musicianC.invented the roller skates D.was full of imagination*3.Merlin put wheels under his shoes in order to_.A.impress the party guests B.arrive at the party soonerC.test his invention D.show his skill in walking on wheels*4.What is the main point the writer is tryi

48、ng to make in the last paragraph?A. The roller skates needed further improvement. B. The party guests took Merlin for a fool.C. Merlin succeeded beyond expectation. D. Merlin got himself into trouble. *CDAC*阅读理解强化训练（七）As I stood in front of the grave（墓）of President Richard Nixon, I was thinking abou

49、t the time 25 years ago when this president helped bring the United States and China closer together. Young people of our two countries should help this relationship grow.This remark was make by a Shanghai student when speaking to his fellow students at the Nixon Library in California, U.S.A. He was

50、 one of 80 middle school students from China attending a month-long Youth Summit. The Summit was to mark the 25th anniversary（周年）of President Nixons journey to China, which was the turning point in China-U.S. relations. The Youth Summit was aimed at increasing understanding and friendship between yo

51、ung students of the two countries through visits and discussions. Seventy-five American students were selected to visit China. They also visited the Nixon Library on July 21 before leaving for Beijing the next day. The head of the Library said he was pleased to see the American and Chinese students

52、talking and laughing together. One Chinese student said, I didnt find it particularly difficult to talk with Americans. We have our differences, but we have a lot in common. Dialogue is good for us. * 1. The works Youth Summit refer to_.A.visits to the Nixon Library B.the Chinese students visit to t

53、he U.S.C.a meeting discussing relations between China and the U.S.D.activities to strengthen the ties between the Chinese and American students* 2. The student from Shanghai thought about the time 25 years ago because it waswhen Nixon_.A. diedB. visited ChinaC. became U.S. presidentD. started buildi

54、ng the library in his name* 3.The text is mainly about_.A. the China-U.S. relationsB. the Nixon LibraryC. President Nixon D. the youth Summit *DBD*阅读理解强化训练（八）Some supermarkets have a special way of getting people to come to the bakery counters. Sometimes they spray a “cake smell” into the air. At ot

55、her times they spray the fresh smell of baking bread. These smells are enough to make peoples mouths water. The customers then race madly to the counter to buy cake, bread, rolls, and the other baked goods!* The main idea of the paragraph is _. *C* A. what cake smells like B. why bakeries make money

56、 C. how people are attracted to bakery counters D. what bakery counters in supermarkets smell阅读理解强化训练（九） The Manhattan (New York City) telephone book is one of the largest of its kind in the nation. About 1,500,000 copies of this book are printed each year. To make the paper of the books, 43,000 trees are cut down. There are twenty-six columns of Smiths and twenty-three of Browns. If all the copies of this book were stacked on top of each other, they would make a pile forty miles high.* The