六选五的解题策略.doc

1、六选五的解题策略1 从意思上判断在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子， 明白这几句话的确切意思， 然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。2.从词汇上锁定线索做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感， 最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/ 年代的词、地点/ 名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。3.从关联词上查找由于英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡，使文章逻辑更

2、清楚和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。常见的关联词有下面这些:(a)并列与递进关系 :and, or, also， neither nor ,either or , in the same way, that is to say ,as well as, the same as, besides, moreover, in addition to ,what is more(b)因果关系 :because, for, since, as, therefore, so, so that, thanks

3、 to, as a result, because of, in that, for this reason, of course(c)转折让步关系 :but, however, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, rather than, instead of, it is true that, of course, although, though, even though, even if(d)时间关系 :at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place,

4、to start with ， in the mean time, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with 以及一些具体的时间。4. 根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略如果问题在段首:段首设空通常有两种情况：通常是段落的主题。需要阅读后文的内容，找出关键词，推断出主题。段落间的过渡句。 需要瞻前顾后找提示， 结合上下两段的内容， 选出能将两段内容连接起来的答案。(a)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。(b)与后文是并列、转

5、折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段。(c)段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。设空段中针对文中设空的题， 考生需要联系上句或者下句所讲的内容， 结合逻辑和常识找出相临近两句之间的关系 (递进关系、 转折关系、 并列关系、 顺承关系等 )或者联系点 (相同编辑版 word/ 近的关键词 )，从而选出正确答案。如果问题在段尾 :3. 设空段尾段尾

6、句通常是结论或概括性语句，所选择的句子与上文是转折、对比或排比关系，或者所选答案能引出下一段的内容。 解答此类试题时注意在选项中找表结果、 结论、总结性的关键词。具体如下：对空格前 1 2 句重点阅读，锁定关键词；句子是段落性、概括性的语句时，需要查找表示结果、结论、总结等标志词汇，如：therefore, as a result, thus, in short, in a word等。此外，选项也可能出现前文的同义词句；在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时， 那么需要还原的句子可能是承接或引出下一段内容，与前文有并列、转折、对比、排比等关系。(a)空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键

7、词。(b)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、 结论、总结等的信号词， 如 therefore, as a result, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。(c)与前文是转折或对比关系。 此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、 对比的关联词， 同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。(d)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。(e)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密

8、连接起来。(f)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题， 如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。秘技 1：7选 选5考点类型空白处通常设置在文章的标题、段首、段中、段尾四个位置，针对不同的设空有不同的解题技巧。秘技 2：答题步骤1.先看选项，划出关键词并翻译关键词（主要是名词，动词）。 2.再看文章，由空前空后得出句子之间的逻辑联系。3.代入选项，检验是否正确。秘技 3：解题方法和技巧1. 选标题2.选段首句3.选段中句4.选段尾句1. 选标题标题的句式不长，总结归纳全文主旨大意。如果是小标题，那么和其他

9、小标题的句式一致，并阐述本段的主旨大意2. 选段首句 通常是段落的主题句，通过分析段落中心意思和一些共有的关键词（重复词） 进行判断。3. 选段中句 （ 1）注意空前空后的句子，这些句子与句子之间，必然有联系。因此可以 通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间的关系，从而选择正确的答案。（2）注意连词转折连词： but, however, while, yet, though, although, even if并 列 连 词 ： and, also, as well as, neither nor,either or,not only butalso ， on

10、 one hand onthe other hand编辑版 word因果连词： 果 therefore, so, as a result 因 because, for, since, as, thanksto,because of 时间顺序： firstly, secondly, thirdly, first of all, besides, what smore， then,atlast, finally解释关系： in other words, that is to say ,that means ,in fact, such as（3）注意代词（ 4） it4. 选段尾句 段尾句可能为（

11、 1）全文或段落的总结（ 2）承上启下的句子。“六选五”选项特点该题型的选项大致可分为三类: 主旨概括句 (文章整体内容 ); 过渡性句子 (文章结构 ); 注释性句子 (上下文逻辑意义)。那么，另外一个多余的干扰项就可以通过这三个特点来排除。例如 :主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题， 过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构， 注释性句子与上文脱节等。第三节语篇补全【考情概览】此题型为长沙2018 新增题型，其特点如下：形式：5选4文体：说明文话题：咨询建议段落： 5 词数：150生词量： 5备选项特点：均为整句，一个多余选项，4 个陈述句； 1 个感叹句；每句词数3 10 词。设空位置

12、：段首、段中和段尾均有，其中，1 个小题段首设空、 2个段中设空、1 个段尾设空。1. 通常在阅读文章之前，应首先阅读所给备选项，对备选项有个大致的了解，以便在阅读时将其与文章内容初步关联。2. 考生能理解事件发展顺序或文章的逻辑顺序以及段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。此处所指各句子之间的逻辑关系可分为：并列、顺序、层递、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系。3. 复核答案。选出答案后，将答案填入空格处，再次阅读文章，检查编辑版 word所填句子是否符合语境，前后句逻辑关系是否对应等。Happinessisforeveryone.Youdon t needtocareaboutthosepeoplewho

13、havebeautifulhouseswithlargegardensandswimmingpoolsor1._andsoon.Why?Becausethosewhohavebighousesmayoftenfeellonelyandthosewhohavecarsmaywanttowalkonthecountryroadsattheirfreetime.Infact,happinessisalwaysaroundyouif you put your heartintoit.2._Whenyoustudyhardatyourlessons,yourparentsarealwaystakingg

14、oodcareofyourlifeandyourhealth.Whenyougetsuccess,yourfriendswillsaycongratulationstoyou.Whenyoudosomethingwrong,peoplearoundyouwillhelp youtocorrectit.3._Alltheseareyourhappiness.Ifyounoticeabitofthem,youcanseethathappinessisalwaysaroundyou.Happinessisnotthesameasmoney.Itisafeelingofyourheart.Whenyo

15、uarepoor,youcanalsosayyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavesomethingelsethatcan t beboughtwithmoney.4._,because youhavemorechancestochallengeyourself.Soyoucannotalwayssayyouarepoorandyouhavebadluck.Asthesayinggoes,lifeislikearevolving( 旋转的 )door.Whenitcloses,italso opens. 5._.A.Whenyouareintroubleatschool,

16、yourfriendswillhelpyouB.Ifyoutakeeverychanceyouget,youcanbeahappyandluckypersonC.thosewhohavenicecarsandalotofmoneyD. And when you dosomething good to others, youwillfeelhappy,tooE.thosewhohavenohousesF.Whenyoumeetwithdifficulties, you can give themupandbehappyG.Whenyoumeetwithdifficulties,youcansay

17、loudlyyouareveryhappyItsimportantto learn how we canprotect the environment. Here are5Rrulesforus.ReduceIfyouwanttoreducewaste,youshouldusethingsmorewisely.1Ifeveryoneusespapercarelessly,soonwewouldnothaveanytreesleft.Otherthingsarealsobeingwasted,andpeopledontknowwhat to do with thewasteinbigcities

18、.Soitisnecessarytoreducetheamountofwasteweproduce.ReuseYoushouldalwaysthinkofreusingthingsbeforethrowingthemout.Forexample,2.Inafamily,youmaypassonsuchclothestoyoungerbrothersorsisters.RecycleBottles,cansandpapercaneasilyberecycled.Bydoingsowesavelotsoftimeandmoney.Forexample,3Themetalcanbe used to

19、make newcokecans.Recover4Youhavetwochoices:oneistothrowtheapplesaway,thesecondistothrowtherottenones andkeepthegoodones.Inthisway,youarerecoveringtheeatablepartsoffood.RepairIfoneofthelegsofyourtableisbroken,youshouldrepairit.Ifyouwanttobuysomethingnewerandbetter,itisbetterforyoutoselltheolditem,or5

20、Learntherulestoprotectourenvironment.Letstry编辑版 wordourbest tomaketheearthcleanerandmorebeautiful.A.givetheclothesyoudonotuseortheoneswhicharetoosmalltothepoor.B.cokecansaresenttoafactory,wheretheyaresmashedflatandmelted.C.Alargenumberoftreesarebeingcutdowntomakepaper.D.Thereareplantedeveryyear .E.g

21、iveittopeoplewhocanuseitafterrepairingit.F.Dont throwitawayifyoucanuseit .G.Whenyoubuyaboxofapples,theremaybeafewrottenones.ThreeAppleschangedtheworld.Thefirstoneseduced(诱惑 )Eve. Thesecondone awakenedNewton.71Here are some famous wordsfromSteveJobstoshare.OncharacterI m theonlypersonIknowthatslostaq

22、uarterofabilliondollarsinoneyear.72OngooddesignThat s beenoneofmymottos focusandsimplicity.Simplecanbeharderthancomplex ； Youhave to work hard togetyourthinkingcleantomakeitsimple. But it sworthitintheendbecauseonceyougetthere， youcanmovemountains.Onhisoutlook73Goingtobedatnightsayingwe vedonesometh

23、ingwonderful，thatswhatmatterstome.OnyourworkinglifeYourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife ， andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyou believe is great work.74Ifyouhaven tfoundityet，keeplooking.Dont settle.OntheimportanceofdeathNoonewantstodie.Evenpeoplewhowanttogotoheavendon t wanttodietogetth

24、ere.75Noonehaseverescapedit. And that is asitshouldbe ， because Deathisverylikelythesinglebestinventionoflife.Itislifeschangeagent.Itclearsouttheoldtomakewayforthenew.Rightnowthenewisyou， but some-day nottoolongfromnow， youwillgraduallybecometheoldandbeclearedaway.A.Its verycharacter-building.B.Thet

25、hirdonewasinthehandsofSteveJobs.C.Thisisnotaone-manshow.D.Andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolove what you do.E.Andyetdeathisthedestinationweallshare.F.Itsreallyhardtodesignproductsbyfocusgroups.G.Beingtherichestmaninthecemetery doesn tmattertome.Annoying Mobile Phone UsersWhat really annoys (使 不悦 ) me m

26、ost about modern life is the way some people use their mobile phones._ l _ However, there are some people who just dont care about other people s feeling when they use a phone. These mobile phone users make life painful for the rest(其余的 ) of us. Let s divide these users into groups.The first group a

27、re those people who shout on the phone, especially in enclosed places like trains or lifts . 2 It isnt necessary._3 Some ringtones( 铃声 ) are truly unpleasant ( 让人讨厌的 )- a loud,electronic version ( 版本 ) of Beethoven with a hip hop (嘻哈乐 ) beat, for example. Thisis especially annoying in the cinema. Th

28、e third group of people who annoy me are those who have to walk around while they speak. 4 Finally, the worst group are people who take a phone call while you are in a conversation with them.编辑版 wordThis is very impolite in my opinion.I would like to tell all the above mobile phone users: You think

29、you look cool and important talking on your mobile all the time._ 5A. But believe me you dont!B. Next are those with annoying ringtones.C. I dont know why they have to talk so loudly.D This group of people keep talking on the phone.E. I have no idea where they get the noisy ringtones.F. They stand i

30、n the way just when you want to get past.G. The mobile phone is an important part of life for most of us.How to make friends at a new schoolStarting with a new school can be difficult. Everything seems to be different, and you donknow where to go for your own classes._ 1 However, if you use these sk

31、ills, you can quickly make friends.Be yourself._2 _ If some people don t accept you, they re not the kind of friends you need. People often staytogether because they have similar interests. For example, someone who does a lot of sports maymake friends with those who also run or swim a lot.3Remember to be n