英美概况习题

1、Chapter 1 HistoryTell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1. In 43 A.D. Roman Emperor Julius Caesar invaded England.答2. The month “ July ” , in fact, is named after Julius Caesar himself.答案：T3. The best-known English legend, King Arthur, derives from theAnglo-Saxonstime.答案： T4.

2、 Robin Hoodis a story about the Viking invasion of England.答案： F5. In the early stage of the Hundred YearsWar, the English won greatvictories.答案： T6. The ruling Normans regarded England as their home after the HundredYearsWar.答案： T7. Henry VII ended the Wars of the Roses and founded the TudorMonarch

3、y.答案： F8. English drama flourished during Elizabeth I era.答案： T9. Oliver Cromwell believed in the old theory“Divine right of Kings”.答案： F10. After World War II, the British economy became the 2 nd largest powerin the world.答案： F11. American Indians came from India 25,000 years ago.答案： F12. American

4、Indians developed the brilliant culture of the Aztecs, theIncas and the Mayas.答案： T13. Columbus was the first European to set foot in what was to be calledAmerica.答案： T14. America was named after the great discoverer Amerigo Vespucci.答案： T15. The first permanent English colony was founded in 1607 in

5、 Boston.答案： F16. Thanksgiving Day came from Britain.答案： F17. By the early 1760s, the English settlers had established 13 coloniesalong the Atlantic coast.答案：T18. The Declaration of Independence officially announced theindependence of 13 North American colonies.答案：T19. Benjamin Franklin became the fi

6、rst American President.答案：F20. The United States did not enter World War I.答Fill in the blanks with the correct information.1. The golden-haired are the natives of Britain, who were later called theBriton.答案: Celts2. In 55 and 43 A.D. Britain was invaded twice by the .答案: Romans3. The Anglo-Saxons b

7、egan to settle in Britain in the century.答案: 5th4. In the late 8th century they experienced invasion from Denmark and in they suffered Norman Conquest.答案: Viking; 10665. Joan of Arc is a famous national heroine of French in the .答案: Hundred Years War6. The Wars of the Roseswere fought between the Ho

8、use of and theHouse of Lancaster.答案: York7. The direct cause of King Henry VIII s Religious Reformation was to his wife.答案: divorce8. Charles I ruled the country without Parliament for years.答案: 119. was also known as the “ VirginQueen”and hadthe longest rule in English history.答案: Elizabeth I; Quee

9、n Victoria10. After World War I, Britain was overtaken by.答案: America11. Columbus discovered the New World in the year of.答案: 149212. The first permanent English settlement in North America was established in in the year of .答案: Virginia; 160713. is a purely American holiday.答案: Thanksgiving Day14.

10、By the 1760s, the English settlers had established colonies along theAtlantic coast.答案: 1315. declared the birth of America.答案: Declaration of Independence16. Independence Day is celebrated on .答案: 4th of July17. The book aroused a great discontent over slavery.答案: Uncle Toms Cabin18. The American C

11、ivil War officially ended in the year of .答案: 186519. After the U.S. had changed from a debtor country to a creditorcountry.答案: World War I20. After the U.S. became the strongest power in the world.答案: World War IIChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1. Which of the f

12、ollowing is a famous prehistoric monument(a) Stonehenge(b) Hadrian s Wall(c) Westminster Abby(d) Tower of London答案: (a)2. were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.(a) The Romans(b) The Anglo-Saxons(c) The Vikings(d) The Normans答案: (b)3. Which of the following is NOT part of Brit

13、ain civsilization brought by Roman invasion(a) The names of English month came from Roman gods and rulers.(b) They built towns, temples and roads.(c) They bulit the Hardin s Wall.(d) They built Westminster Abby.答案: (d)4. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .(a) Roman invasion(b) Anglo-Saxons

14、invasion(c) Viking invasion(d) Norman Conquest答案: (c)5. The Tower of London, located in the centre of London, was built by.(a) King Harold(b) Robin Hood(c) Oliver Cromwell(d) William the Conqueror 答案: (d)6. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .(a) the House of York(b) the House of La

15、ncaster(c) the House of Tudor(d) the House of Stuart 答案: (c)7. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .(a) Nobles and peasants(b) Roundheads and the Cavaliers(c) Charles I and the Cavaliers(d) House of York and House of Lancaster 答案: (b)8. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the

16、British Civil War(a) Charles I was executed.(b) Charles II was exiled.(c) The Commonwealth of England was formed.(d) The Stuart kingdom was restored. 答案: (d)9. Which of the following is NOT an achievement under the rule of Elizabeth I(a) Railways were built.(b) The first settlers were sent to Americ

17、a.(c) English drama and poetry thrived.(d) The English navy defeated the Spanish Armada. 答案: (a)10. Which of the following is NOT an achievement under the rule of Queen Victoria(a) Railways were built.(b) Most people lived in villages and worked on the land.(c) Factories and machines were built to m

18、eet people s demand.(d) Britain became the richest country in the world. 答案: (b)11. Which of the following is NOT true about American Indians(a) They are descendants of Mongoloid.(b) They crossed the Bering Strait to Alaska.(c) They grew corn only.(d) They developed brilliant civilizations. 答案: (c)1

19、2. confirmed that a new continent rather than India was found.(a) Christopher Columbus(b) Amerigo Vespucci(c) King James I(d) Queen Elizabeth 答案: (b)13. The Mayflower was a ship taken by .(a) Christopher Columbus(b) Amerigo Vespucci(c) a group of people who wanted to get hold of treasures(d) a group

20、 of people who desired free religious practice 答案: (d)14. Which of the following was a direct cause of Boston Tea Party in 1773(a) Quartering Act(b) Stamp Act(c) Tea Act(d) Taxation on sugar and coffee 答案: (c)15. Which of the following took the function of a national government in the War of Indepen

21、dence(a) The First Continental Congress(b) The Second Continental Congress(c) The Confederate States(d) The Union States 答案: (b)16. No taxation without representation was the slogan of .(a) the settlers of Virginia(b) the slaves of America(c) the Indians of America(d) the people of the 13 colonial A

22、mericans 答案: (d)17. was the first president of the United States of America.(a) Benjamin Franklin(b) Thomas Jefferson(c) George Washington(d) Abraham Lincoln答案: (c)18. Which of the following was NOT a cause of American Civil War(a) Religious oppression(b) Economic interests of the South and North(c)

23、 Political conflict between the South and North(d) Slavery 答案: (a)19. granted freedom to all slaves in the U.S.(a) The Quartering Act(b) The Stamp Act(c) The Declaration of Independence(d) Emancipation Proclamation答案: (d)20. The Bombing of Pearl Harbor led to America s involvement i_n.(a) the War of

24、 Independence(b) the Civil War(c) World War I(d) World War II答案: (d)Explain the following terms.1. The Anglo-SaxonsIn the 5th century, the tribes called the Angles and Saxons invaded Britain, coming from northern Europe. By the end of the 5th century, the Anglo-Saxons ruled most of Britain. Their la

25、nguage was called Old English. From them comes the name of“ England ” and “ English ” ; Ecame from “ Angl-eland ” meaning the lanodf the Anglo-Saxons.2. Norman ConquestAfter King Edward died, Duke William of Normandy, from northern France, declared that Edward had promised to let him become the king

26、. On October 14, 1066, William and his army invaded England and defeated the English army. He was made king and crowned in Westminster Abby on Christmas Day, 1066. William is often referred to as William the Conqueror in English history.3. Robin HoodEnglands best-loved legend of Robin Hood is an out

27、lawed Saxon nobleman oppressed by the Normans. He hid in the forest near Sherwood with his band of followers, called “ merrymen” . From this secret wood, they went out to rob from the rich to give to the poor with their longbows. Robin Hood has been a popular subject of numerous films, television se

28、ries, books, comics andplays.4. The Hundred Years WarAt the beginning of the 14th century, England developed into a stronger state in Europe. Consequently, the rich wanted to control more markets and the nobles wanted toregain theirlost land. When King Edward III of England declared that he should b

29、ecome the French king, the French rejected his claim so he declared war on France in 1337. The war lasted intermittently for 116 years, hence being known as the Hundred Years War.5. The Civil WarIn January 1642 the Civil War broke out between the Roundheads (supporters of Parliament) and the Cavalie

30、rs (supporters of the King). The Civil War ended with the Parliamentary victory and it led to the execution of Charles I, and his son Charles II was driven out of the country in 1649. In addition to that, Oliver Cromwell, the leader of the Roundheads, formed republican England, known as the Commonwe

31、alth of England and the English monarchy was abolished.6. American IndiansThe American Indians were the descendants of the Mongoloid. The name “ Indians w”as given by Columbus when he mistook them for the people of India. It is believed that about 25,000 years ago the Indians crossed the Bering Stra

32、it land bridge to Alaska. The American Indians developed the brilliant civilizations of the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas.7. Columbus“discovery ”of AmericaIn 1492, Columbus persuaded the king and queen of Spain to finance his voyage. He believed that by sailing west from Europe, he could reach Ind

33、ia. Columbus failed to reach India but landed at one of the Caribbean islands instead. He mistook these islands for part of India and called the local people Indians.8. The MayflowerThe Mayflower has a famous position in American history as a symbol of early European colonization. With their religio

34、n oppressed by the Church of England, in the autumn of 1620, 102 people sailed to the New World in a ship named the “ Mayflower L”at.e in December, the Mayflower finally landed in what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts.9. Declaration of IndependenceOn July 2, 1776, the Congress finally determined that

35、these United Colonies ought to be free and independent states. Thomas Jefferson, assisted by Benjamin Franklin, drafted the Declaration of Independence, which the Congress adopted on July 4, 1776. It announced the independence of 13 North American colonies and the birth of a new nation.10. Abraham L

36、incolnIn March 1861 Abraham Lincoln took the office of president. He realized that by making the war a battle against slavery, he could win support for the Union at home and abroad. On January 1, 1863, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation , which granted freedom to all slaves.Chapter 2 GeographyT

37、ell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1. Britain is situated in Western Europe.答案：T2. Theisland of Great Britain occupies more than 90% of the territory ofthe U.K.答案： TPeople of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland do not like to be called English people.答案： TEdinburgh is th

38、e largest city in Scotland.答案： FBritain has a cold maritime climate.答案： F6. The cheapest way to get around London is no doubt Londonsunderground network.答案： F7. Heathrow Airport is the busiest airport in the world.答案： T8. Only the Old Town district of Edinburgh was listed as a UNESCO WorldHeritage S

39、ite in 1995.答案： F9. The Lake District is closely related with English literature in the 19thcentury.答案： T10. The Lake District National Park is one of fourteen national parks in theUnited Kingdom.答案： T11. The whole country of the U.S. is situated in the central part of NorthAmerica.答案： F12. Alaska i

40、s the largest state in the U.S.答案： T13. The longest river in North America is the Missouri River.答案： FWashington, D.C., as the capital of the United States, is governed directly by the District of Columbia.答案： F15. Washington is often called The City that Never Sleeps.答案： FNew York was founded as a

41、commercial trading post by the Dutch East IndiaCompany.答案：T17. The headquarters of the United Nations is located in the city ofWashington.答案： F18. The city of San Francisco is the most populous city in the U.S.答案： F19. Hollywood is governed by its honorary mayor.答案： FOnly Lake Michigan is entirely w

42、ithin the U.S.答案： TFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. Britain is separated from the European continent by, the Strait ofDover and .答案 : the North Sea; the English Channel2. Britain is made up of many islands collectively known as the British Isles, of which and are the two main islan

43、ds.答案 : Great Britain; Ireland3. Geographically, the island of Great Britain can be divided into two major regions and .答案 : the highland zone; the lowland zone4. The northern part of the island of Ireland is part of the United Kingdom, while ,which occupies the southern part of the island, is an in

44、dependent country.答案 : the Republic of Ireland5. is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom.答案 : London6. is the Queens official and main royal London home.答案 : Buckingham Palace7. When the Queen is at home, you can see her royal flag, referred to as , flying from the flagpole on top of B

45、uckingham Palace.答案 : the Royal Standards largest arts8. Edinburgh is well known for the annual , the worldfestival.答案 : Edinburgh Festival9. Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in .答案 : the British Isles10. is a natural product made only from cereals, water and yeast.答案 : Scotch Whisky11. The United

46、States is the largest country in the world.答案: 4th12. The U.S. is bordered by on the north and by and the Gulf ofMexico on the south.答案: Canada; Mexico13. Hawaii is situated in the central .答案: Pacific Ocean14. The central part of the United States is composed of vast plains between and .答案: the App

47、alachian Mountains; the Rocky Mountains15. It is extremely in northern Alaska but quite and humid insouthern Florida and Hawaii.答案: cold; mild16. The District of Columbia was named after while the city ofWashington was named after .答案: Christopher Columbus; George Washington17. The famous New York S

48、tock Exchange is just on of Manhattan.答案: Wall Street18. The Chinatown in is the oldest Chinatown in North America.答案: San Francisco19. The Kodak Theatre, which opened in 2001 on Hollywood Boulevard at Highland Avenue, has become the new home of .答案: the Oscars20. The is nearly a three-and-a-half-mi

49、le round-trip walk.答案: Walk of FameChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1. Why was Britain known as“ an empire on which the sun never sets(a) Because it used to be the largest country in the world.(b) Because it was once one of the oldest and strongest colonial powers

50、 in the world.(c) Because it had bought a lot of islands around the world.(d) Because it used to be the greatest industrialized country in the world. 答案: (b)2. The island of Great Britain is divided into three parts:.(a) Ireland, Scotland, and Wales(b) England, Scotland, and Ireland(c) England, Scot

51、land, and Northern Ireland(d) England, Scotland, and Wales答案: (d)3. The capital of Northern Ireland is.(a) London(b) Belfast(c) Cardiff(d) Edinburgh答案: (b)4. Britain has a climate.(a) temperate(b) maritime(c) stable(d) both a and b答案: (d)5. Britain is often in winter.(a) warm(b) very cold(c) foggy(d

52、) sunny答案: (c)6. The capital of Britain is in .(a) England(b) Scotland(c) Wales(d) Northern Ireland答案: (a)7. flows through the city of London.(a) The Forth River(b) The Clyde River(c) The Tay River(d) The River Thames 答案: (d)8. Which of the following is NOT a World Heritage Site(a) The Tower of Lond

53、on(b) The historic settlement of Greenwich(c) The Big Ben(d) The Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey and St. Margarets Church 答案: (c)9. over the River Thames has also become one of the symbols ofthe city.(a) The Tower Bridge of London(b) St. Paul s Cathedral(c) The British Museum(d) The Bridge

54、of London答案: (a)10. Windermere is the largest natural in England.(a) lake(b) river(c) mountain(d) valley 答案: (a)11. Alaska was bought by the USA from in 1867.(a) Russia(b) the former USSR(c) China(d) Canada答案: (a)12. is the fiftieth state of the U.S.(a) Alaska(b) Hawaii(c) Kentucky(d) California 答案:

55、 (b)13. is known as the“ father of waters” to American Indians.(a) The River Thames(b) The Missouri River(c) The Tay River(d) The Mississippi River 答案: (d)14. The White House has been the executive residence of every . President since(a) Christopher Columbus(b) John Adams(c) Abraham Lincoln(d) Georg

56、e Washington 答案: (b)15. In the East Wing of the White House you can find .(a) the Oval Office(b) the executive offices of the President(c) the executive offices of the Vice President(d) the office of the First Lady 答案: (a)16. The city of New York consists of some boroughs EXCEPT (a) The Bronx(b) Brooklyn(c) Queensland(d) Queens答案: (c)17. New York has been home to several of the tallest buildings in the world such as(a) the Statue of Liberty(b) New York Stock Exchange(c) the Empire State