期末语法总结

1、U1T1语法：现在完成时(I)1. 结构： have/has + done词组： have been to / have gone to-you everTibet? -Yes, I have.-Whenyouthere? -Last year.-Where s your mother? -Sheabroad.-Whensheback? -Next week.2. She has lived in Beijing for 40years=She has lived in Beijing40 years.3. The bell is ringing. =4. To help others mak

2、es us happy=others make us happy.5. She is busy, but she s happy all the time.=she is busy, she s happy all the time.6. She has been to the USA .提问)7. I m so busy that I have no time to travel.=I mbusytravel.8. Internet is important in our lives.=Internetour lives.9. Long time no see. = Iyoua long t

3、ime.U1T2语法：现在完成时(II )1. ever-never; already-yetI have ever been there before 否认)I havebeen there before.He has already gone home.he gone home?(疑问)Not.(还没呢)=Hegone home.(否认)2. 倒装句：全倒装：So/Neither + be/情/助+主“也是/不(1)Japan is in Asia. -China.(2)Tom can swim. -Kangkang.(3)I hate it. I.(4)He hasn t seen it

4、.-she.半倒装：So +主+ be/ 情/助“.确实如此“(5)It is hot today. -it.(6)Maria can swim. -she.(7)Tom got lost -he.(8)He has gone abroad.-he.3. 数字表达法：小数： 1.3 : onethree百分数：20% : twenty分数：1/5: 2/3:1/2 : a half 1/4: a quarter整数：1, 234, 567, 890从右向左，三位一逗号)4. population 表达法：(1) The population of China is 1.3 billion.(问

5、)the population of China ?(2 ) China has the largest population.问) has the largest population?(3 ) There are 1.1billion people in India.同义)=is 1.1 billion.=In dia1.1 billi on.(4 ) China s population is the largest.同义)= China s population isthanof country in the world.5. 人口问题：住房紧张： -less就业困难： -diffic

6、ult能源紧缺： energy and water -城市拥挤： most cities - 交通堵塞：the traffic - 环境恶化： natural environments -6. 过去分词，表被动；现在分词，表正在进行：我认识叫汤姆的男孩。I know a boyTom.德国汽车更好。 The carin Germany is better.操场有 个男孩正在打 篮球。There is a boybasketball on the playground.U1T3语法：现在完成时(III )1. 条件：段/点/ .?变化：短暂一一延续性动词：borrow ;haveleave -;

7、 begi n/start -die -be;be in / be a member ofcome/go/get to /arrive/reach be 2. Whatever = No matter what (半倒装)happens, wd ll be confident.无论什么3. The streets were dirty in the past.=The streetsdirty.4. We should help them immediately.=We should help then .5. What s the(important) of it?6. (with) you

8、r help, I can t continue it.7. He can hardly speak, ?8. If you fall ill, you ll see a doctor.=you fall ill, you ll see a doctor.U2T1语法：1. too many + 复数； too much + 不可数，程度People have cut downtrees.Don t makenoise.You shouldn t play games.2. Noise is bad for our health=Noise is our health.=Noise our h

9、ealth.3. Noise pollution can make people deaf=People maydeafnoise pollution.4. He lost his hearing when he was 85.=He when he was 85.5. My hearing is as weak as yours.=My hearing is yours.6. Many students are late as well as me.Many students are late,me.7. Making noise in public is a kind of polluti

10、on.=is a kind of pollutionnoise in public.8. The old man has a sore throat.=The old mana his throat.9. I ve been like this since last month.提问) ?10. The flowers and grass have disappeared.=The flowers and grass .11. There are some bees. They are dancing in the sky.=some beesin the sky.12. Would you

11、like to be a环保者)?U2T2语法：1.复合不定代词：A) 作主语时，谓语为单数None of us likesB) 形容词修饰放其后 nothing seriousC) None of短语，用于全否认。We are all students. -are students.2. a number of + 复数， 大量的 =manyThe number of 谓语单数，“的数量There arestudents in our school/the students in our school2000.3. We should spit nowhere = Wespit4. CO2

12、means Carbon dioxide in English.CO2 Carbon dioxide in English.5. There is nothing(leave) in the fridge.6. Tell me the answer(direct)7. Our earth will be even(thirsty) in 50 years.8. We should avoid the(short) of energy.9. Many rivers and lakes are(die).10. Many animals has died out(complete)11. (bur

13、n) coal and wood can produce CO2.12. We can use it for(drink)=We can use it(drin k).13. Trees canthe windblowing .away.A lot of water canby forests.Trees can stop the water fromthe earthTrees canthe air.U2T3语法：1.并列句：and, but, or, while，He is tallplays basketball well.Study hard,you ll fail the exam.

14、She failed many times,never gave up.Tom likes English,his brother likes math.2.谚语：saiddoneActions speak words.3. ought to = should应该Youhelp each other.应该)Youspit in public.(不应该)hefinish it at once?(应该)Yes, he.4. 环保三 R: reduce, reuse, recyclecups which can be used only once.newspapers and soft drink

15、cans.water,old books and clothes.5. the head means agreement.Shaking the head means6. People use coal to produce power.=Peoplepowercoal.7. The island will disappear in 50 years问)the isla nd disappear?8. My job is(teach) you English.Her dream is(be) an engineer.Tom s task is(book) train tickets.9. To

16、 finish the work, he stayed up late.=He stayed up late finish the work=He stayed up latehe could finish the work.10. Environmental protection is important.= is important.11. How to be a greener person?First, you shouldthe electricity when you.Second, walk or ride a bike taking a busThird, take a clo

17、th bag when you. Don tuse .Fourth, useof the paper andpanswhen cooking.U3T1语法：1.被动语态(I)结构： be ( am, is are ) + done ( by 宾格)I plant ten trees every year.=Ten trees every year.He doesn t water flowers.=Flowers by.Is the problem caused by pollution?=pollutionthe problem?2.1 could swim when I was five.

18、=Iswim when I was five.3. He is a teacher. He is a writer, too.=He is a teachera writer.4. The two boys look the same. They are twins.The two boys are .5. you(ready) for the exam?-No. I(get) ready for it now.6. I hope I can go there . = I hopethere .7. I wish you(happy)8. Do you have trouble(speak)

19、French?9. She(study) hard from now on.10. English has become much(popular).11. We(require) to clean the lab every week.12. There are many(German) in the club.13. There are many(tour) on the Great Wall.14. It s necessary that you ask an interpreter for help.=It syouask an interpreter for help.15. The

20、 baby(lay) in the bed by the nurse.U3T2语法：1. 一般将来时A) will + do B) be going to + doC) be + doing位置移动词： come, go, leave, fly, move, start, meet-He(move) there next week.Who(meet) you tomorrow?They(leave) for Cuba in 3 days.2. Differences:(1) and Chinese cultures:The homeless dog, mad dog, and adog cat

21、ching a mouse havemeanings. and every dog has its day have meanin gs.(2) English and American English(in expressions, spellings,.)3. Which(fly) will you take?4. Dogs(consider) as their good friends.5. The rose is a symbol of love in China.=The rose love in China.6. The city(change) in the past ten y

22、ears.7. There are some(difference) between them.8. Sometimes he is silent. = He is silent9. The train is arriving in ten minutes.=The trainin ten minutes.10. Indians shake heads to show their(agree).11. We are proud of you. = You areus.12. Don tmehim.(和比拟 )13. Nowadays, the only childrenlittleempero

23、rs.(比作)U3T3语法：1.疑问词+ to doA) 主语：to improve it is my biggest problem.B) 宾语：I don t knowto do.C) 与宾语从句的替换：Can you tell me when I should go?=Can you tell me go?He can t decide whether to buy it.=He can t decide should buy it.I don t know how to deal with it.=I don t knowdeal with it.2. 构词法：派生法+合成法3. da

24、re的用法：情态&实意动词，用于疑问否认Heride in the street.(不敢)=Heride in the street.you go out alone at night?(敢吗？)Yes, I./ No, I.you do that?怎么敢)?4. aloud强调声音够大听得见；loudly,太大，嘈杂You should read the textevery day.Don t play the drums so.5. You can improve English by doing so.提问) weEnglish?6. Heme to follow some good(a

25、dvice).7. Stop now. Please have aabout it after class. (discuss).8. Can you make yourself(understand)?9. The letterin the word ( not pronounce)10. I m not good at writing compositions.=Iwriting compositions.11. I don t knowto do = I don t knowto doU4T1 语法：1.被动语态 II (was/were + done)(1) I made it. =

26、Itby.He didn t lock the door.= The doorbyWho invented it?= Whoit?(2) ?-_-It s a laptop.? -It s made of plastic. ? -It s used for studying. ? It was inven ted in 1985. ? In Japa n.2. He invented over 2000 things in his life.=Heover 2000in his life.3. The desk is madewood.The paper is madewood.The woo

27、d is madethe desk and paper.The car is madeworkersGermany.4. There re differences between the book and that one.=The book that one.5. Don t forget to lock the door.= lock the door.6. I wish I(can) live on Mars one day.7. I hope your dream(come) true.8. -Whothe light bulb? (invent)-Edison. He was a g

28、reat.9. We spent 2 hoursour homework.=We spent 2 hoursour homework.=It2 hoursdo our homework.10. Using the star, they could find the way.提问) theythe way?U4T2语法：1被动语态(III ): 一般将来时The movie will be showntomorrow.The movie shown.( 否认句)the movieshown? 一般疑)Yes, it./ No, it.the movieshow n?(可)2. How in te

29、resti ng! = !3. He saw it himself = He saw it4. I think. Aliens will not be found.(合并)Ithink that aliensfound.5. Our dreams will be realized = Our dreams will=We willour dreams.6. Most farmers prefer boys to girls.=Most farmersboysthan girls.7. It(be) ten years since we met last time.8. The book is

30、worth(read).9. He weighs 70 kilos. = Hisis 70 kilos.10. Who will take part in the space(fly).11. It(name) after a great scientist.12. Its diameter is 53% asas that of the earth.Its gravity is 2/5 asas it is on the earth.13. There (be) life for millions of years14. I mthe Internet some information (搜索).15. The cake(fin ish) very soon.16. She can t wait(fly) to the USA.17. The poster says it s about life in space 提问) the poster?18. We need another three days to finish the work.=We needdays to finish the work