(完整版)高中英语被动语态专项练习最新（精华版）

1、被动语态一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式 , 被动语态由 be过去分词构成， be 随时态的变化而变化。以 do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词 ) 一般现在时例 visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2） has /have been done 现在完成时例 all the preparations for the task have been completed, and were ready to start.3） am/is

2、/are being done现在进行时例 a new cinema is being built here 4） was/were done 一般过去时例 i was given ten minutes to decide whether i should reject the offer. 5） had been done 过去完成时例 by the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in beijing.6） was/were being done 过去进行时例 a meeting was being h

3、eld when i was there.7） shall/will be done/ be going to be done/ be about to be done/ be to be to done 一般将来时例 hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8） should/would be done/ waswere going to be done/ waswere about to be done/waswere to be to done 一般将来时例 the news would be sent to the sol

4、diers mother as soon as it arrived.9） shall/will have been done将来完成时（少用） 例 the project will have been completed before july.10） should/would have been done过去将来完成时（少用）例 he told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。例 the baby should be take

5、n good care of by the baby-sitter.2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语， 在用于被动结构时， 可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。例 his mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 he was given a present by his mother forhis birthday.3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语 ”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。例 someone caught the boy smoking a cigare

6、tte可.改为 the boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词 have, make, get 以及感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。例 someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为 a stranger was seen to walk into thebuilding.5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词 ”，“动词副词 ”等，也可以用于被

7、动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例 the meeting is to be put off till friday.3. 非谓语动词的被动语态v. +ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态 (一般时态和完成时态 ) 。例 i dont like being laughed at in the public.二、 it is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示 “据说 ”或“相信”的动词如 believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型 “itbe过去分词 th

8、at 从句 ”或“主语 be过去分词 to do sth.。”有：it is said that据说,it is reported that据报道， it is believed that大家相信， it is hoped that大家希望， it is well known that议。众所周知， it is thought that大家认为， it is suggested that据建例 it is said that the boy has passed the national exam（.the boy is said to have passed the national exa

9、m. ）三、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1. 英语中有很多动词如break ，catch， clean， drive ， lock ， open，sell，read ， write ， wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义 ,主语通常是物。例 this kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较： the door wont lock （指门本身有毛病）the door wont be locked （指不会有人来锁门 , 指“门没有锁 ”是人的原因）2. 表

10、示“发生、进行 ”的不及物动词和短语，如： happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。例 how do the newspapers come out?这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？3. 系动词没有被动形式 , 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel 等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例 your reason sounds reasonable.四、非谓语动词的

11、主动形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。1. 在 need，want ， require,bear 等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式 。the house needs repairin（g to be repaired）这房子需要修理。2. 形容词 worth 后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。例 the picture-book is well worth reading（ the picture-book is very worthy to be read

12、）3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系 , 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例 i have a lot of things to do this afternoon (to do 与 things 是动宾关系，与 i 是主谓关系。 )试比较： i ll go to the post office. do you have a letter to be posted?此( 处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明 you 不是 post 动作的执行者。 )4. 在某些 “形容词不定式 ”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式

13、的逻辑宾语时， 这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有 nice，easy，fit ，hard ， difficult ，important ，impossible ，pleasant， interesting 等。例 this problem is difficult to work out . （可看作 to work out 省略了 for me）.5. 在 too to 结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。例 this book is too expensive (for me) to buy.6. 在 there be 句型中，当动词不定式修饰名

14、词作定语时， 不定式用主动式作定语， 重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。例 there is no time to los（e不明确。）to be lost）（用 to lose 可看成 for us to lose；用 to be lost，谁 lost time7. 在 be to do 结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而 ,由于古英语的影响,下列动词 rent,blame,let 等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。例 who is to blame for starting the fire?五、介词 in, on, under 等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义

15、表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义， 其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。1. “under +名词 ”结构，表示 “某事在进行中 ”。常见的有： undercontrol （受控制） , under treatment（ 在治疗中）, under repair （在修理中） , under discussion（在讨论中） , under construction（在施工中）。例 the building is under construction( is being constructed).2. “beyond+名词 ”结构， “出乎 胜过 、范围、限

16、度 ”。常见的有： beyond belief ( 令人难以置信 )， beyond one s rea（ch鞭长莫及），beyond one s cont（ro无l们的成功始料不及 。例 the rumour is beyond belief（=cant be believe）d法控制），beyond our hope 我3. “above名+ 词”结构, 表示“品(质、行为、能力等 ) 超过 、高于”。例 his honest character is above all praise =his honest character cannot be praised enough4. “fo

17、r+名词”结构，表示 “适于 、 为着”。如： for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等。例 that house is for sale. (= that house is to be sold).5. “in+名词”结构 ，表示“在 过程中或范围内 ”常见的有： in print （在印刷中），in sight( 在视野范围内 )，等。例 the book is not yet in print(=is not yet printed)6. “on+名词”结构, 表示“在从事 中”。常见的有： on sale(出售)，on show（展出） , on trial（受审）。例

18、today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed).7. “out of+名词 ”结构 ； 表示 “超出 之外 “，常见的有： out of control ( 控制不了 )，out of sight （超出视线之外），out of one s rea够c不h(着 ), out of fashion( 不流行)等。例 the plane was out of control (cant be contro。lled)8. “within+名词 ”结构， “在 内、不超过 ”。例 he took two days

19、 off within the teachers permission六、被动语态与系表结构的区别当“be过+ 去分词 ”作被动语态时表示主语承受的动作；作系表结构时表示主语的特点或所处的状态时， be 后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。其区分办法如下：1. 如果强调动作或句中有介词 by 引导出动作的执行者， 该句一般为被动语态， 否则为系表结构。例 the glass is broken （系表结构）the glass was broken by the boy（被动语态）2. 如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。例 the door is locked （系表结构）the

20、 door hasalready/just been locked（被动语态） 3被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外，还可以用于其他各种时态，而系表结构中的系动词 be 只有一般时态和完成时态。例 the machine is being repaired七、被动语态与高考试题赏析1. 高考对谓语动词语态的考查例析1). in some parts of the world, teawith milk and sugar. (nmet1993)a. is serving b. is served c. serves d. served解析 b 因为 serve是及物动词，其动作承受者 tea

21、作主语，表示经常发生的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。2).thisistedsphone. wemiss hima lot.he earthquake.(nmet2002)a. killed b. is killedc. was killed d. was killingtryingtosave a childinthe解析 c ted是 kill 的承受者，用被动语态，且 ted 救人发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。3). - have you moved into the new house?- not yet, the rooms. (nmet1991) a. are bein

22、g painted b. are paintingc. are painted d. are being painting解析 a “house和”“paint应”该是被动的关系， 排除 b，d。后者未搬进新居的原因是房子正在油漆，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。不能用一般现在时表示习惯性动作，排除c。4). when and where to go for the on-salary holidayyet.（上海春 2003）a. are not decided b. have not been decidedc. is not being decided d. has not been de

23、cided解析 d decide 是及物动词， 动作的发出者通常是人， 句中的主语是动作的承受者， 所以 decide 要用被动语态。从题干的语境和关键词yet，可判断用现在完成时，不定式做主语用单数，故用现 在完成时的被动语态。5). the manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets2001）a. was booked b. had been bookedc. were booked d. have been booked （.上海春解析 b 句中 tickets 是 b

24、ook(订票)的承受者，主谓为被动关系，又因票已被订出应发生在 entered the office 这个过去动作之前，所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。2. 高考对非谓语动词语态的考查当非谓语动词的逻辑主语为动作的承受者时, 须用被动式。弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的执行与承受关系是掌握非谓语动词语态的关键。1). having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remainswhether they will enjoy it. (nmet2002)a. to see b. to be seenc. seei

25、ng d. seen解析 b 根据题意，那对老夫妇是否到国外旅行是将来的动作，应使用不定式，故排除掉c、d 两项；又因 remains 的逻辑主语 it 是动词 see说表示动作的承受者，即 “到国外旅行 ”这件事，这件事有待于 “被决定”，应使用动词不定式的被动形式。2). while shopping, people sometimes cant helpinto buying something they dont re（上海 1996）a. to persuaded b. persuadingc. being persuaded d. be persuaded解析 c cant hel

26、p doing禁不“住做某事 ”，排除 a 和 d；顾客应是 “被劝说 ”购物的，要用动名词的被动语态。3）. i feel it is your husband whofor the spoiled child. （上海 2002）a. is to blame b. is going to blamec. is to be blamed d. should blame解析 a feel 的宾语从句为强调句型，在 be to do 结构中，在某些场合可用不定式的主动语态表示被动语态，如 to blame， to let 等。【强化训练】1. if city noises from increa

27、sing，people shout to be heard even at dinner a are not kept；will have tob. are not kept；havec. do not keep；will have tod. do not keep；have to2. the fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, areand perfected now.a. developedb. have developedc. are being developedd. will have been deve

28、loped3. - the sports meet might be put off- yes，it all depends on the weather a ive been told b ive toldc im told d i told4. i need one more stamp before my collection.a. has completed b. completesc. has been completed d. is completed5. rainforestsand burned at such a speed that they willdisappearfr

29、om the earth in the near future.a. cut b. are cutc. are being cut d. had been cut6. the new suspension bridgeby the end of last month.a. has been designedb. had been designedc. was designedd. would be designed7. when a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it.a. breaks b. has brokenc.

30、 was broken d. had been broken8. great changesin the city, and a lot of factories.a. have been taken place; have been set upb. have taken place; have been set upc. have taken place; have set upd. were taken place; were set up9. that suitover 60 dollars.a. had costed b. costed c. is costed d. cost10.

31、 - look! everything here is under construction.- whats the pretty small house thatfor?a. is being built b. has been builtc. is built d. is building11.- do you like the material?- yes, itvery soft.a. is feeling b. feltc. feels d. is felt12. it is difficult for a foreignerchinese a write b to writec t

32、o be written d written13. i have no more letters，thank you a to type b typingc to be typed d typed14. take care!dont drop the ink on your shirt, for iteasily.a. won t wash out b. wont be washed outc. isn t washed out d. isnt washing out15. nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lig

33、hts happened to.a. be put up b. give inc. be turned on d. go out16. the computers on the tableprofessor smith.a. belongs b. are belonged toc. belongs to d. belong to17. - what do you think of the book?-oh, excellent. its wortha second time.a. to read b. to be read c. reading d. being read18. the squ

34、irrel was lucky that it just missed. a. catching b. to be caughtc. being caught d. to catch19. this page neededagain.a. being checked b. checkedc. to check d. to be checked20. many times, ht e boy still didnt know how to do the exercisesa. having taught b. having been taughtc. taught d. teaching被动语态

35、基础练习选择题1.our house,a . is getting paintb . is getting paintedc . is got paintedd . has got to paint 2.he arrived in beijing,where hehis friend .a . was met byb . was metc . was meetingd . met by 3.the warin 1937a . was broken outb . had been broken outc . has broken outd . broke out4.the mistakes in

36、 the exercises willthe teacher.a . crossb . be crossingc . be crossed by d . cross by 5.my brother and i haveher birthday party.a . been invitedb . been invited forc . invited tod . been invited to 6.itthis waya . is had to dob . is had to be done c . had to be doned . has to do 7.itthis way.a used

37、to dob . used to be done c . is used to dod . is used to doing 8.chaplin.a . the childs name was calledb . the childs name callsc . the child callsd . the child is named 9.the sports meeting.a . is put offb . is to put offc . is to be put offd . puts off 10.mary realized she a . was making fun ofb .

38、 was made func . was being made fun ofd . was being made fun 11.to say a thing in that waya . it is considers wrongb . it is considered wrongc . it is considered its wrongd . it is consiedring wrong 12.he ordered that the booksat once.a . would be printedb . would printc . be printedd . print13.the

39、storyin china .a . was taken placeb . was happened c . took placed . has been taken place 14.the housemy parentsa . is belong tob . belong toc . belongs tod . is belonged to 15.heby his teacher.a . happened to see b . was happened to see c . happened to be seen d . was happened to be seen 16.great c

40、hangesin our province.many tall buildings.a . have been taken place, have been set upb . have taken place, have been set upc . have been taken place, have been set up d . were taken place, were set up17. the hallsbut its not yetwith lamps.a . furnished, finishedb . been finished, been furnished c .

41、being finished, being furnishedd . set up, full18. the new hall is the tallest building in this town.from here? a . can it seeb . can it be seenc . can it seend . can see19. as soon as we got to the airport,we found that the plane.a . had already taken offb . already took offc . was already taking o

42、ffd . was already taken off20. some of the hotels in my hometown.a . have now been rebuildingb . are now rebuilding c . are now being rebuiltd . are rebuilt now21. if city noises from increasing，people shout to be heard even at dinnera . are not kept；will have tob . are not kept；havec . do not keep；

43、will have tod . do not keep；have to22. the fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, areand perfected now.a . developedb . have developed c . are being developed d . will have been developed23. - the sports meet might be put off- yes，it all depends on the weathera . ive been toldb .

44、ive toldc . im toldd . i told24. i need one more stamp before my collection.a . has completedb . completesc . has been completed d . is completed25. rainforestsand burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.a . cutb . are cutc . are being cutd . had been cut26.

45、 the new suspension bridgeby the end of last month. a . has been designed b . had been designedc . was designed d . would be designed27. when a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it.a . breaksb . has brokenc . was brokend . had been broken28. great changesin the city, and a lot of

46、factories.a . have been taken place; have been set up b . have taken place; have been set up c . have taken place; have set up d . were taken place; were set up29. that suitover 60 dollars.a . had costedb . costedc . is costedd . cost30. - look! everything here is under construction. - whats the pre

47、tty small house thatfor? a . is being builtb . has been builtc . is builtd . is building31.- do you like the material?- yes, itvery soft.a . is feelingb . feltc . feelsd . is felt32. it is difficult for a foreignerchinesea . writeb . to writec . to be writtend . written33. i have no more letters， th

48、ank youa . to typeb . typingc . to be typedd . typed34. take care! dont drop the ink on your shirt, for iteasily. a . wont wash outb . wont be washed outc . isnt washed outd . isnt washing out35. nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to. a . be put upb . give inc .

49、 be turned ond . go out36. the computers on the tableprofessor smith.a . belongsb . are belonged toc . belongs tod . belong to37. - what do you think of the book?-oh, excellent. its wortha second time. a . to readb . to be readc . readingd . being read38. the squirrel was lucky that it just missed.a

50、 . catchingb . to be caughtc . being caughtd . to catch39. this page neededagain.a . being checkedb . checkedc . to checkd . to be checked40. many times, the boy still didnt know how to do the exercisesa . having taughtb . having been taughtc . taughtd . teaching被动语态专项练习一、选择题()1.a new libraryin our

51、school last year?a. is; builtb. was; builtc. does; buildd. did ; build ()2. an accidenton this road last week.a. has been happened b. was happened c. is happenedd. happened()3.cotton（棉花）in the southeast of china.a. is grownb. are grownc. growsd. grow ()4.so far, the moonby man already.a. is visitedb

52、. will be visitedc. has been visited d. was visited ()5.a talk on chinese historyin the school hall next week.a. is givenb. has been givenc. will be givend. gives ()6.how many treesthis year?a. are plantedb. will plantc. have been planted d. planted ()7.a lot of thingsby people to save the little gi

53、rl now.a. are doingb. are being donec. has been done d. will be done ()8.-whenthis kind of computers? -last year.a. did; useb. was; usedc. is; usedd. are; used ()9.the great wallall over the world.a. knowsb. knewc. is knownd. was known ()10.whothis book?a. did; writtenb. was; written byc. did; writt

54、end. was; written ()11.a storyby granny yesterday.a. was told usb. was told to usc. is told usd. told us ()12.the monkey was seenoff the tree.a. jumpb. jumpsc. jumpedd. to jump ()13.the school bagbehind the chair.a. putsb. can be putc. can be puttedd. can put ()14.older peoplewell.a. looks afterb. m

55、ust be looked after c. must look after d. looked after ()15.our teachercarefully.a. should be listened to b. should be listenc. be listenedd. is listened二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。1. its said(据说) that the long bridge（ build）in two months2. where to have the meeting（discuss）now3. which languagethe most widely（ speak） in the world？ 4.the lost boy（ not find） so far5. last year a large number of trees（ cut）down6. the