牛津上海版7A形容词和副词的用法专项讲解及练习有答案

1、形容词和副词的用法一 定义：形容词：形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质，状态和特征的程度,好 坏与否。副词：用来修饰形容词，副词、动词,表示程度或者做某件事的方式、方法等。二.基本用法考点1:形容词和副词的位置（形修名，副修动）1）形容词作走语,通常放在所修饰的名词前There is a beautiful picture on the wall.2）副词作状语,通常放在所修饰的动词或者形容词前The farmers are woTkrng hard in the field.The nurse looks after die babies carefiilly.考点2 :形容词变副

2、词1）般情况下直接加一ly ,如：quickquickly; politepolitely; sad一sadly; miinediate一immediately;2）少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。如：true-huly; due-duly绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly。如：polite-politely; wide-widely; wise-wisely; nice-mcely3）以一个y结尾的，且读音为/】/,先将y改成一再加ly,如：happyhappily; heay一heavily; angryangrily; busybusily但是如果读音为/ ai /

3、,直接加ly r如：drydryly; shyshyly4）以ic结尾的词，加ally ,如：economic一economically; basic一basically; scientific一scientifically;automatic一automatically; energetic一energetically5）以辅音字母加le结尾时去e加y ,如：simple一simply; considerable一considerably; terrible一terribly; gentle一-gently; possible一possibly: probable一probably; inc

4、redible一incredibly6）形副同型：early（早）late（晚）hard（努力）fast（快）考点3 :比较级、最高级的规则变化1 ）单音节形容词、副词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加er、est构成。如：small smaller smallestshort shorter* shortestst构est。most2 ）以不发昔的-e结尾的单音节形容词、副词的t匕较级和最高级是在词尾加r、 成。如：large larger largest nice nicer nicest3 ）以“辅昔字母十y“结尾的双音节词，把y改为i,比较级加-er ,最高级加-est ；如：happy*

5、 happier happiest heaxy hea-ier heaviest4 ）重读闭音节的形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是双写最后一个辅音字母加er.如：big* bigger biggest hot* hotter* hottest5 ）大多数双音节和多肓节形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是在前面加more和来构成。如：beautifiil more beautiful most beautifiildifiereiit more difiereiit most different例夕卜：cleAecleAwerer/more elevencbverest/most clever6 ）以l

6、y结尾的副词，如果ly是后缀的，加more和most来构成比较级和最高级。如果ly不是后缀的，加er、est构成t匕较级和最高级。如：early earlierearliestugly*uglierugliestwarmly more wannlymost warmlyhappily*more happilymost happily7）副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于形容词的最高级前一走要有限走词，如： die ,物主代词等。而副词的最高级前可以不用走冠词the。如：The Changjiang River is the longest rivei in China.Nancy sing

7、（the） best in her class.8 ）比较级.最高级的不规则变化原级比较级最髙级good zwellbetterbestbad, badly 川 1worseworstmanyzmucHmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther, furtherfarthest （距离）,furthest!抽象）oldolder, elderoldest（年龄eldest （辈分）容词.副词的比较等级的用法原级的用法1 ) as +原级+ as表不和一样z not so (as) +原级+ as表不不如如：Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yii

8、.This film is not as uiterestmg as that one = This film is less mterestmg than that one.=Tliat film is more interesting than this one.2 ) the same +名词十as表示和一样如：A is the same size as B. A 的尺码与 B 样。A and B are of the same size. A 和 B 尺码一样。A is as big as B. A 和 B 尺码一样。3 ) very、so、quitex too 等词后用原级如：She

9、 is a very hard-working girl.比较级的用法1 .表示两者间的t傲用比较级，表示“更“主语+动词+比较级+than+比较又據。例 1 : Tliis tree is(tall) than that one.这棵树比那棵树高。He runs(fast) tliaii Tom.他比汤姆跑得快。二在含有连词than的比较级中上岀交对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。It is wanner today than it was yesterday.今天的天气比昨天暖和。Judys hair is longer tliaii Lilys.朱迪的头发比莉莉(的)长。二可修饰

10、比较级的词 a bit, a little, a lot, still, much,even,far 等。very, quite 般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。例 2 : This book is far( expensive) than that one.2 “形容词比较级+aiid+形容词比较级是变得越来越.的意思，and连接同一个形容词的比较级。例 3 ： It becomes(wannvhen spring comes.注：“more and more +原级形式也表示越来越”fill 4 : Our school is becoming( beautifiil).3 在含有or的选

11、择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。例 5 : Who is(tall). Tun or Tom?谁更高 z Tini 还是 Tom?4 数星+比较级than .eg : My father is three years older than my mother.例6 : She isthan me.她比我高两厘米。5 级+than any otlier+名(单)级+than the other+名复高级例 7 : She is the tallest girl in her class.=She is(tall) than any other(girl) in her

12、class.=She is(tall) than die other(girl) m her class.6 当两者比较,只出现一方,且句中含有of the two时，比较级前要加the,表示特指。例 8 : He is(tall)of the two boys.7 The-比较级，the +比较皱越就越“例 9 : The(much) you eat, the(fat) you will be.最高级的用法1.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“ g=l”取的意思。句子中有表TJX范围的词或短语。如：of ,in.among等。其句式结构为：主语+动词+形

13、容词最高级+比较的范围1、the+最高级+ of/in (三者及以上范围的)eg : My mother is the busiest in my family.2X one of the +最高级+名词复数+ m/ofeg : Shenzhen is one of die biggest cities in China.3、the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+ in，ofeg : Tlie Yellow Rrver is the second longest river in Cliina4、Which/Who is the + 最高级、A .B or C ?eg : Which is the

14、 biggest, the moon, the earth or the sun ?例 10 ： She is one of(tall)(girl) ill her class.三、拓展用法1 .much too太 too much太多(不可数)too many太多(可数)2.enough的用法：形前名后eg: She is beautifiil enough A have enough time to finish homework.3 .aimhuigomethingjiothing 遇见形容词要后置。eg:There is something wiong zth my computer.

15、4.too.to太而不能=so that如此以至于eg: She is too young to go to school =She is so yoirng that she cant go to school.5.系动词-形容词(例如:tasefeeLsoimd,sinellJook.get.become、tum)eg:Tliis idea sounds good.(goodSvell).6.-ed（指人）感到 一吨（指物）令人“eg:The book is very interesting He is interested in the story.课堂练习-写出下列单词的比较级和最高级

16、6.heavier/est7.faster/est&larger/st 9.more/most excitinglO.more/mostll.fatter/test12.bigger13.thinner/nest 14.hotter/test15.more/most1.smallll.fat2.little12.big3.few13.thin4.far14.hot5.early15.slowly6.heavy16.quickly7.fast17.beautiful8.large18.good/well9.exciti ng19.old10.ma ny zmuch2O.bad/badlykeys

17、 : l.smaller/est3.fewer/est A.farther/estjurther/est5.earlier/est2.less/leastslowlyl 6more/mostquickly 17.more/mostbeautiful 18.better/best 19.older/est,elder/est20. worse/woret二.根据句意填入单词的正确形式。1 Is she(old) woman in the world?2. Is your sister(young) than you? Yes. she is.3. Who is(thin), you or Hel

18、en? Helen is.4. Whose pencil-box is(big), yours or hers? Hers is.5. Tlie tiger can run(fast), but the cheetalis can run(fast) than it. It mil(fast) in the world.6 Does Nancy sing(well) in her class?7 My eyes are(big) than hers.8 Which is(heay), the elephant or the pig?9 Who gets up(early), Tim、Peter

19、 or Tom?10 Fred is(short)boy m his class.11 Jun runs(slow). But Beii runs(slow).12. Which is(h亡avy), a tiger, a lion or a bear?13. Tom is as(fat) as Jim.14. My eyes are(big) than(she).15. Chir school becomes(beautiful and beautifiil).16. The Changjiang River is tlie(long) rn-er in China.17. Sue is a

20、 little(active) than her sister.18. My room is not as(big) as my brotlier* s.keys： i the old 2.younger 3.thinner4.bigger 5.fastfaster,fastest 6.best 7.bigger8. heavier 9.earliest 10.tlie shortest 11 .slowly,more slowly 12.the heaviest 13.fat14.bigger.hers 15.more and more beautiful 16.longest 17.mor

21、e active 18.big三选择最恰当的答案。2. The little baby looksat me, specially when he is smilingA) lovelyB) carefullyC) heavilyD) sad2 Nowadays, PM 2.5 pollution is becomingin China. Every one must help to fight againstit.A) seriouser and seriouserB) more and more seriousC) more serious and more seriousD) more

22、serious and serious3. When we face(而对)any danger we should keepA)calmB) calmlyC) quietD)quietly4. The place is too expensive to hold our party. We should find aone.A) cheapB) cheaperC) cheapestD) the cheapest5. As I know, Dick did everythingthan his brother when they were youngA)carefullyB)more care

23、fulC)most carefully D)more carefully6 Mr. Wu doesnt play table tennis he did last year.A) so better asB) so wonderful asC) as good as D) as well as7. Mrs Brown is kind Every day she tried to cookfor me during my stay in CanadaA) differe nt anythingB) any thing differe ntC) something differentD) diff

24、erent something8. David Beckham says he feelsby his new role as part-time global ambassador(大使)for Chinese football.A) excitedB) excitedlyC) angryD) angrily9. We decided not to have a pic nic last Sunday after noon because it was rai ningA) seriousB) seriouslyC) heavyD) heavily20. Your idea on this

25、topic sou nds, but it still needs to be discussed A) clearlyB) wellC) goodD) loud12. The next morning I got up muchin order to get there on timeA) earlyB) earlierC) earliestD) the earliest22. The food smelt sothat n obody in the restaura nt wanted more A) deliciousB) wellC) badD) badly23. We are so

26、glad to see that Shanghai is developingthese years than ever beforeAJquicklyBJmore quicklyC)less quicklyD) the most quickly14. Frank is playing his Iphone, but his father looks unhappy.A) lovelyB) happilyC) friendlyD) politely25. Kung Fu Panda is one ofI have ever seen.A) the most interesting filmB)

27、the most interes廿ng filmsC) most interesting filmsD)most interesting film26. The football fans becamewhen David Beckham (贝克汉姆)came out of theairport A)exciteB) excitedC) excitedD)excitedly17. Jessica raised her paintingenough for the whole class to seeA) highB) higherC) highestD) the highest18. In h

28、er opinion, short-term memory doesnt work asas Iong-term memory.A) wellB) goodC) betterD) best19. The plan about going camping during the summer holiday sou ndsA) excitedB) excitingC) excitedlyD) excitement20. The hail (冰迈)storm which hit this area last night wasin recent years.A)heavyheaviestB) hea

29、vierC) heaviestD)the21. The New York Inter national Childrens Film Festival has become one offestivals forchildre n and tee ns in North America.A) a largeB) largerC) the largestD) thelarger22. My grandma has been in hospital for many weeks, but now she looks muchA) wellB)goodC) betterD) best23. Whic

30、h is, the sun, the earth or the moon?A) bigB) biggerC) biggestD) thebiggest24. Theone draws, or writes, or does anything, thethe end result will be.A) much . goodB) more betterC) most bestD) many well25. Km afraid the food is delicious at this restaura nt, but the service seemsA) goodB) wellC) poorD

31、) badly26. Believe your teacher. She has various methods to make you speak EnglishA) clearB) clearerC) more clearlyD) mostclearly27. We should obey the traffic rules in order to keep ourselvesA) saveB) safeC) safelyD) safety28. Living in the new house on Kennedy Road isthan in the poor old one.A)comfortableB) more comfortableC) less comfortableD) the