定语从句归纳与专项练习题

1、定语从句 语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句 在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。（二）先行词 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。（三）关系代词和关系副词 定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词有： who, whom, which, that 和 whose, 另外， as 也可充 当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有： when, where 和 why。在定语从句中充当状语。二、关系代词的用法（一

2、）基本用法 根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。如下表：关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系 代词who人主语，宾语Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom, which 和 that 在从句中做宾 语时， 常可以省略， 但介词提前时后 面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用 thatwhom人宾语Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy （whom） she loved died in the war.whose人，物定语I like t

3、hose books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate.that人，物主语，宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star （that） I want to see very much.which物主语，宾语The book （which） I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as人，

4、物主语，宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.as 做宾语一般不省略例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分） Do you know the professorwho/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语） I read a report about his new novelthat/ which will soon be published.（作主语） The plan that/which

5、they argued aboutwas settled at last.（作宾语） This is the new secretary（who/whom/that） I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语） The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay.（作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。 （见上例）（二）关系代词 that 代替 which 的一些情况 which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。但在有些情况下，

6、只用 that 。 先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。例如： This is the bestthat has been used against pollution. English is the most difficult subjectthat you will learn during these years. 先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。例如： This is the last place （that） I want to visit. It is the first American movie of this kindthat I ve ever

7、seen . 先行词是 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等代词时。例如： You should hand in allthat you have . We haven t got much that we can offer you. 先行词前面有 the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every等修饰时。例如： The only thingthat we can do is to give you some money. The

8、 little money （that） he had was stolen.（三）宜用 who, 而不用 that 的一些情况 先行词是 one, ones, anyone 时。 例如： One who has nothing to fear for oneselfdares to tell the truth. Don t tell anyone about the newswho oughtn t to know it先行词是 those 时。. . 下载可编辑例如： Those who were not fit for their workcould not see the beaut

9、iful clothes made of the magic cloth.(四)其它情况 先行词既有人又有物时。例如： Do you know the things and personsthat they are talking about ? The bike and its riderthat had run over an old manwere taken to the police station. 主句已有疑问词 who 或 which 时。例如： Which is the bikethat you lost ? Who is the woman that was praised

10、 at the meeting ?(五)与 whose 有关的问题 whose 是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如： I saw a woman whose bag was stolen . Please show me the bookwhose cover is red . 当 whose 表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用 of which 的形式。 例如： The building The building, The building,whose roof you can see from hereis a new restaurant.the roof of which yo

11、u can see from here,is a new restaurant.或of which the roof you can see from hereis a new restaurant.三、介词前提的问题 关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前 例如：Have you seen the pen Have you seen the pen 但是，要注意的是：(which) I wrote the note with just now with which I wrote the note just nowwhich 作介词 with 的宾语） 介词前提后，先行

12、词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom和 which ，而不再用 that 或 who。 介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。 有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如： look for, look after, take care of等。例如：错误： Who is the old man 正确： Who is the old man 错误： These are the sheep 正确： These are the sheepto that you were talking to ?to whom you were talking ? 或 Who is the old man of whi

13、ch the boy took care.(which/that) the boy took care of.(that/ whom) you were talking to四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。 例如：Who is the guy that is reading over there?The number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000. All that needs to be do

14、nehas been done.He is one of the studentswho use computer a lot for study.情况用法说明例句只用 that 的情况先行词为 all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, 等 不定代词时。先行词被 all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few 等修饰时先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时 先行词既指人又指物时 先行词被 the only, the very 修饰时 句中已经有 who或 which 时，为了避免重复时1

15、. He told me everything that he knows.2. All the books that you offered have been given out.3. This is the best film that I have ever read.4. We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5. He is the only man that I want to see.6. Who is the man that is making a speech?只 用 which, who, w

16、hom的情况在非限制性定语从句中，只能用 which 指代物，用 who/whom指人 在由“介词 +关系代词” 引导的定语从句中， 只能用 which 指物， whom 指人。先行词本身是 that 时，关系词用 which, 先行词为 those, one, he 时多用 who。1. He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.2. I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.3. Those who respect others are usually respected

17、by others.Timmy is the only one of the pupilsthat has failed the exam.例中的 all 意为“一切”，作单数。例中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。 that 与 which, who, whom 的用法区别：from定语从句专项练习 (1)1. The place interested me most was the ChildrensPalace.A. Which B. where C. what D. in which2. Do you know the man ?A. whom I spoke B.

18、 to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke3. This is the hotel last month.A. which they stayedB. at that they stayed. . 下载可编辑 . .C. where they stayed atD. where they stayed4. Do you know the year_the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. whichB. that C. when D. on which5. That is the day Ill never

19、 forget.A. which B. on which C. in which D. when6. The factory well visit next week is not farhere.A. where B. to which C. which D. in which7. Great changes have taken place in the factory we are working since then.A. where B. that C. which D. there8. This is one of the best films .A. that have been

20、 shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been shown this year D. that you talked9. Can you lend me the book the other day?A. about which you talkedB. which you talkedC. about that you talked D. that you talked10. The pen he is writing is mine.A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which11. Th

21、ey arrived at a farmhouse, in front of sat asmall boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. that12. The engineer my father works is about 50 yearsold.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D. with whom13.Is there anyone in your class family is in thecountry?A. who B. whosC. whichD. whose14.Im interested in _you have

22、 said.A. all that B.all whatC. thatD. which15.I want to usethe samedictionary _was usedyesterday.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. as16.He isnt such a manhe used to be.A. who B. whomC. thatD. as17.He is good at English, we all know.A. thatB. as C. whomD. what18.Li Ming, to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.

23、I went withB. with whom I wentC. with who I went D.I went with him19.I dont like as you read.A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels20.He talked a lot about things and persons theyremembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what21.Theletter isfrom mysister, _is working i

24、nBeijing.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. who22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of are women.A. themB. which C. whomD. who23.Youre the only person Ive ever met coulddo it.A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who24.I lost a book, I cant remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. thetitle of

25、it D. thetitle of that25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, Hangzhouis famous in the world.A.for which B.for that C.in which D what26.I have bought such a watch was advertised onTV.A. thatB. which C. asD. it27.I can never forget the day we worked togetherand the day we spent together.A.when; whic

26、h B.which; when C.what; that D.on which; when28. The way he looks at problems is wrong.A. whichB. whose C. what D./. . 下载可编辑 . .29. This is the reason he didnt come to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which30. This machine, for many years, is still workingperfectly.A.after which

27、 I have looked B. which I have looked after C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after31. The reason he didnt come was he was ill.A. why; that B. that; why C. for that; hat D. for which; what32. He is working hard, will make him pass the finalexam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who33. That is

28、not the way I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which34.I have two grammars, are of great use.A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which35.I want to use the same tools used in your factorya few days ago.A.as was B. which was C.as were D. which36. My neigh bours used to gi

29、ve me a hand in time of trouble, was very kind of them.A. whoB. which C. that D. it37. This is the magazine I copied the paragraph.A. that B. which C. from that D. from which38. He is not such a man would leave his work halfdone.A. that B. which C. who D. as39. You can depend on whatever promise he

30、makes.A. /B. why C. when D. whose40. Smoking, is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. that B. which C. it D. though41. - Did you ask the guard happened?- Yes, he told me all he knew.A.what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that42. I shall never forget those years I lived onthe farm with t

31、he farmers, has a great effect onmy life.A.when; who B.that; which C. which; that D. when; which43. The number of the people who cars increasing.A.owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are44. During the days , he worked as a servant at theBrowns.A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed4

32、5. Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?A. that B. / C. which D. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, he couldsee was going on inside house.A. which; whatB. through which; whatC.through that; what D. what; that47. Is some German friends visited last week?A this school B.this the school C.

33、this school oneD.this school where48. John got beaten in the game, had been expected.A. asB. that C. what D. who49. I have bought two ballpens, writes well.A. none of themB. neither of themC. neither of whichD. none of which50. All that can be eaten eaten up.A. are being B. has been C. had been D. h

34、ave been 定语从句专项练习（ 2）1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, from east to west. Those run from north to southare called avenues.A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that2. This is the case hes had all his money stolen.A. when B. whereC. that D. on which3. Mr. Smith will pay

35、a visit to Beijing this autumn, we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008.A. where B. when C. which D. how4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything .A. that the little girl asks him B. the little girl asks him toC. for the little girl to ask him D. what the little girl

36、asks him5. How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin? Oh, that s easy . I surfed the Internet andthen calledone the telephone number is provided.A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose6. October 15 th is my birthday, I will neverforget.A. when B. that C. what D. which7. The treatment w

37、ill continue until the patient reaches the point he can walk correctly and safely.A. when B. where C. which D. whose8. There are several research centers in China a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.A. which B. where C. when D. what9. I hope that the little I have been able to dodoes

38、good to them all.A. which B. what C. that D. when10. The time is not far away modern communicationswill become widespread in Chinas vast countryside.A. as B. when C. until D. before11. is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part ofChina. We must unify it.A. It B. As C. Which D. What12. I shall never for

39、get the day Shen Zhou V waslaunched, has a great effect on my life.A. when, which B. that, which C. which, that D. when, that13. The bread my wife makes is much better than you can buy at a store.A. that whichB. one thatC. that of which D. this of which14. There is no such place you dream of in all

40、thisworld.A. that B. what C. which D. as15. The people, had been damaged by the flood,were given help by the Red Cross.A. all whose homesB. all of whose homesC. all their homesD. all of their homes16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner

41、 or later.A. who B. when C. on which D. which17. Is this research center you visited the modernequipment last year?A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where . .下载可编辑 . .18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old they swam in it.A. when B. that C. who D. where19. The man

42、showed us so heavy a stone no man canlift.A. that B. as C. which D. and20. He stayed there for quite a long time, during time he learned much spoken English.A. that B. this C. which D. same定语从句专项练习（ 3）1. Who is the womanis sweeping the floor overthere?A. who B. / C. that D. when2. The doctoris leavi

43、ng for Africa next month.A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talkingC. the nurse is talking toD. who the nurse istalking3. He talked about a herono one had ever heard.A. of whomB. from whom C. about that D. who4. Have you read the bookI lent to you?A. that B. whom C. when D. whose5.

44、American women usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently.A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom6. Recently I bought a second-hand car was very low.A. which price B. the price of whoseC. its priceD. whose price7. Lily, is Helen you want to introduce me to?A. that B. who

45、 C. whom D. the girl8. The professors talked schools and the experienced A. that B. whowith us about the beautiful teachers they had seen.C. which D. what9. This is the only bus goes to the village school.A. / B. thatC. where D. it10. Is there a shop around sellsA. who B. where C. in whichChina Dail

46、y ?D. whichin our class 11. She was the only one of the girls accepted as candidate for the president of our Students Union.A. who was B. who were C. who has been D. who have been12. She is no longer the sweet little girl she usedto be.A. what B. whoC. when D. that13. Is this singer songs you like b

47、est?A. whos B. whose C. which D the one whose14. He got angry with was against his opinion.A. who B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who15. Anyone with what I said may raise your hand.A. which agreesB. who agree C. who agrees D.which agree16. Thats the dog .A.weve been looking afterB. after which w

48、e ve beenlookingC. what we ve been looking after D. weve been takingcare for17. This is the last time Ill give you a lesson.A. when B. that C. what D. as18. The family I stayed with in Paris are coming toLondon.A. whose B. which C. what D. whom19. This is the very knife I used to cut applesyesterday

49、.A. that B. by which C. which D. with which 20. China has many rivers, the Yangtze River is thelongest.A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which 21. The use they are the waste helps to save a lotof money.A. made of B. made from C. making up of making of 22. That tree, the branches very old

50、 one.are almost bare, is aD.A. whose B. in which C. of which D. of it23. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person she could turn for help.A. thatB. who C. from whom D. to whom24. What is the way Smith thought of enough moneyto buy the new house?A. getting B. having got C. being got D. to get2

51、5. Jack spent as much time as he could over hislessons.A. going B. went C. goD. to go26. The freezing point is the temperature into ice.A. at which whichA. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that6. Women drink more than two cups of coffee a dayhave a greater chance of having heart disease th

52、an those don t.A. who, / B. /; whoC. who, whoD. /; /7. The Beatles many of you are old enough to remembercame from Livepool.（2006）A. what B. that C. how D. as8. In an hour, we can travel to places would havetaken our ancestors days to reach. （2006 上海 ）A. where B. when C. which D. what9. I saw a woma

53、n running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back direction she had come.A. of which B. by which which 10. Look out! Don t get too close is under repair. （2006 福建 ）2006 重庆卷） C. inwhich D.inthefromto thehouseroofwater changesB. on that C. when D. of27. I am impre

54、ssed by the fact that he makes good use of every minute he canA. that B. in which when 28. This is the last time _A. when B. that29. I don t like the wayspare.C. in thatD.I will write to you.C. what D. as _ he spoke to me.A. what B. by which C. by that D. /30. The train_ an hour.A. by which that （4）真题回顾1. Wew ent through a period difficult in rural areas. （2008 A. whichB. whosewhichhe was