Life in the future（Reference for Teaching）

1、life in the future（reference for teaching）referenceforteachingi异域风情l.americanteenagerstherearemorethan35millionameri-cansbetweentheagesof13and19theyarethenationsteenagerstheyexpressthem-selveswiththeirownmusicclothesandlan-guagetheyhavetheemotionsofachildinthebodyofanadulttheywanttobefreeandindepend

2、ent，yettheyalsowanttobetakencareofmanyteenagersdisagreewiththeirparentsabouthowmuchfreedomtheyshouldhavesomedisobeytheirparentstheysaytheirparentsdonotunderstandthemthenewyorktimesnewspapersays1956wastheyearoftheteenagerthatwaswhentheworldteenagewasfirstusedtoidentifythecultureofyoungameri-cansinthe

3、1950s，teenagersbeganrebellingagainstadultsteenagersdidnotwanttobeliketheirparentstheywantedtolistentotheirownmusic，rock-and-rolltheywantedtoweardifferentkindofclothestheywantedtousedifferentexpressionstocom-municatewitheachothermanymoviesshowedthisrebellingbyteenagersoneofthemostfamouswasrebelwithou

4、tacauseitstaredjamesdeanasatroubleteenageronepopularplayshowedteenagersinafunnywayitwascalledbyebyebirdlethismusicwasproducedonbroadwayinnewyorkin1960lateritwasmadeintoamoviebyebyebirdletellswhathappenstoanamericanfamilywhenafamousrock-and-rollsingervisitstheirtownthefatherofthefamilydoesnotundersta

5、ndteenagerstodayamericanteenagersspentalotofmoneybuyingrecords，clothesandelectronicdevicestheyalsospendalotonentertain-mentlastyearteenagersspentalmost100thousandmilliondollarsthenewyorktimessaysthatwasmorethantheirpar-entsspentonthosethingswheredoameri-canteenagersgetallthismoney?manyofthemhavepart

6、-timejobssometakecareofchildrenothersworkatfastfoodrestau-rantstheyearnabout4dollarsanhourmanyteenagersdonothavejobsinstead,theyreceivemoneyfromtheirparentstheymightgetasmuchas20dollarsaweektheyarepermittedtospendthisanywaytheychoosethelivesofmostamericanteenagerstodayareorganizedaroundtheexperience

7、ofhighschoolstudentsusuallybeginwithschoolattheageof13or14someleaveattheageof16butmostcompletethe4-yearhighschoolprogramtheydonotgettheirfirstfull-timejoborbeginuniversitystudiesuntiltheyare17or18yearsoldthehighschooldayisabout7hourslongthedayisdividedintoclassesofabout50minutesthestudentshaveameali

8、nthemiddleofthedayamericanteenagersstudyenglish，history，mathematics，scienceartandlanguagessomealsolearnjobskillstheymightlearnhowtouseacomputerorhowtofixacarotherstudentsmightlearnbyworkinginanoffice，ahospitalorotherplacesonedayaweek2taxesinamericaamericansoftensaythatthereareonlytwothingsapersoncan

9、besureofinlife：deathandtaxesmanypeoplefeelthattheunitedstateshastheworsttaxesintheworldtaxesarethemoneythatpeoplepaytosupporttheirgovernmenttherearegeneral-lythreelevelsofgovernmentinamerica：fed-eral，stateandcity；therefore，therearethreetypesoftaxessalariedpeoplewhoearnmorethanfouroffivethousandperye

10、armustpayacertainpartoftheirsalariestothefederalgovern-mentthepercentagevariesfordifferentpeo-pleitdependsonthesalariesthefederalgovernmenthasatwo-levelincometaxthatis，15or28percent$17850isthecutoffthetaxrateis15percentbelow$17850and28percentabovethesecondtaxisforthestategovern-ment：newyork，californ

11、ia，oranyoftheotherforty-eightstatessomestateshaveanincometaxsimilartothatofthefederalgov-ernmentofcoursethepercentageforthestatetaxislowerotherstateshaveasalestax，whichisapercentagechargedonanyitemwhichpeoplebuyinthestatesomestatesuseincometaxandsalestaxtoraisetheirrevenues.thethirdtaxisforthecityth

12、istaxcomesintwoforms：propertytaxandexcisetax，whichiscollectedonvehiclesinacitythecitiesusethismoneyforeducation，po-lice，publicworks，etcsinceamericanspaysuchhightaxes,theyoftenfeelthattheyareworkingonedayeachweekjusttopaytheirtaxespeopleal-wayscomplainabouttaxestheyoftensaythatthegovernmentmisusesthe

13、irtaxdollarstheyallbelievethattaxesaretoohighinthiscountry知识归纳remain的用法：保持继续存在，仍旧是。用作连系动词，后面接形容词、名词、分词和介词短语，本课中出现的即为此用法。e.gtheywillremainincontactwithus他们将与我们保持联系。afteryearsofhardwork，tomstillre-mainedaworker多年的辛劳后，汤姆仍是一名工人。thatoldmanremainedfullofenergy那位老人还是那么精力充沛。thesituationremainedunchanged局势没有

14、什么变化。sheremainedsittingwhentheycamein他们进来时，她仍然坐着。停留，逗留。用作不及物动词。e.gpleaseremainheretillireturn请留在这儿，等我回来。heseldomremainsinhisoffice他很少呆在办公室里。剩下、遗留。用作不及物动词。e.gifyoutake4from9,5remains九减四剩五。fewpeopleremainedinthemeeting-room会议室的人所剩无几。当“剩下、留下”讲时应注意以下两点：a可与不定式连用e.galotofworkremainstobedoneintheoffice办公室里

15、待做的工作很多。manyproblemsremaintobesettled很多问题尚待解决。b用现在分词remaining作定语。e.gtheoldmandidntknowhowtodealwiththeremainingvegetables这位老人不知道怎么来处理剩余的蔬菜。theboyateuptheremainingfood这个男孩把剩下的食物全吃了。2keep的用法小结keep是高考常考词汇之一，其含义丰富，与其搭配的短语也很多，其主要用法如下：用作及物动词保留、保存、保持、留下e.gwedbetterkeepaseatforhim我们最好给他留个座位。hekeptallthemone

16、yinthebank他把所有的钱都存入了银行。willyoupleasekeepthesekeyswhileiamaway?我不在家时，请你给我保管这些钥匙好吗?履行遵守，阻止e.goneshouldkeeponespromise一个人应当遵守自己的诺言。everybodymustkeepthelaw人人都必须守法。cantyoukeepyourdogfromcomingintomygarden?你能不能看住你的狗，不让它跑到我的花园里来?赡养，养活，饲养e.ghehasalargefamilytokeep他有一大家人要养活。theoldwomankeepsmanyanimalslikedog

17、s，pigsandcats这位老太太养了许多动物，像狗、猪还有猫等。经营，管理e.ghekeptaflowershopinthiscity在这座城市里，他开了一家花店。sheisgoodatkeepinghouse她擅长管理家务。保守，记e.gcanyoukeepasecret?你能保守秘密吗?theboykeepsadiaryeveryday这个男孩每天记日记。庆祝e.gallofthepeoplekeepsspringfes-tivalinourcountry我国所有的人都庆祝春节。wedontkeepbirthdaysinourcountry-side我们乡下不过生日。使处于某种状态在这

18、种情况下，keep常跟复合结构用作宾语补足语。常见的词有现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词以及介词短语。e.ghekeptmewaitingforhalfanhour他让我等了半个小时。keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.少说话，多观察。thedoctorkeptmeinforaweek医生让我在家休息一星期。shealwayskeepsherbooksingoodor-der她总是把书放得整整齐齐。用作不及物动词保持，继续。keep为连系动词。e.gpleasekeepquiet请保持安静。werekeepinginverygoodhealth我们身体非常好。we

19、keptinduringthecoldweather天冷时，我们呆在家。youshouldntkeepthinkingaboutit你不该老是想这事。保持良好状态e.gwillthisfishkeeptilltomorrow?这鱼能放到明天吗?keep构成的一些短语keepaneyeon注意看守keepaway离开keepback忍住；扣下；隐瞒keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事keepsthinmind记住keepsbsthout不让人内keepintouchwith与保持联系keepdoingsth继续做某事keepoff远离；避开；让开keepup保持；继续keepupw

20、ith跟上；不落在后面keepdown控制；镇压；使不吐出3make的基本用法make是中学英语中，一个常用的动词，它的意义多，用法广，现将其意义和用法归纳如下。制造，做e.gimgoingtomakeacakeformyson我打算做个生日蛋糕送给儿子。thefactorymakesshoes这家工厂制造鞋子。使成为；使做当用作此意时。常接复合宾语常用的有以下几种情况。make+obj一年n/adje.gwehavemadehimourmonitor我们推选他为班长。thebadnewsmadeussad这坏消息使我们悲伤。注意：当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。e.gimad

21、eitaconditionthateverybodymustbepresent.我提出条件，人人都要出席。thismadeithardformetocontrolmy-self这使我很难控制我自己。make+obj+dosthe.gtheymademeretellthestory他们要我重讲了一遍这个故事。注意：在被动结构中，不定式要带“to”。e.giwasmadetoretellthestorymake+obj+-ede.gthestrangenoisemadethechildfrightened奇怪的声音使孩子感到恐惧。通常情况下，make后的宾语是反身代词，作宾补的动词要用过去分词，即

22、makeoneself+-ede.gheraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimselfheard他提高嗓门使大家能听见他的声音。willyoupleasemakeyourselfknowntousinenglish?请你用英语给我们作自我介绍，好吗?间或也可由介词短语或从句构成复合宾语。e.gyouhavemademewhatiam你已使我成了现在的这个样子。hewouldtrytomakehimselfofmoreimportantinthebusiness他将设法使自己在这笔生意中更加举足轻重。“make+n”结构make和表示动作的名词连用，表示动作或活动，该结构的

23、含义实际上相当于该名词同义的动词。e.gmakeapromise许诺，答应makeprogress取得进步makeadecision决定makeananswer回答makeuseof利用makeanexplanation解释makepreparationsfor准备makeastudyof研究makeaplan计划makeasuggestion提出建议makealiving谋生makeadiscovery发现有条件成为，具有特点e.gtheyoungmanwillmakeanexcel-lentsingerwhenhegrowsup这个小伙子长大会成为优秀歌唱家。ifyouworkhard，y

24、ouwillmakeagooddoctor如果你努力学习，你会成为好医生。词语辨析othertheother，others，theothers，anotherother“另外的，其他的。别的”。作前置定语，修饰单数或复数名词。e.gotherpeoplemaynotthinkthatway别的人可能不这么想。i1lcomeagainsomeotherday我改日再来吧。theother表示两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”，是特指。e.gidontlikethisoneshowmetheother我不喜欢这个。让我看看另一个。therearesevenpeopleintheroomfo

25、uraregirls，theotherthreeareboys房间里有六个人，四个是女孩，其余的三个是男孩。others作主语或宾语。泛指“其他人”或“其他物”。e.gothersmayobjecttoyouridea别人可能会反对你这个意见。somearesinginganddancing；othersareclimbingthehill一些人在唱歌跳舞，一些人在爬山。theothers作主语或宾语。指整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部。e.gfourofthemareintheclassroomwhatabouttheothers?他们有四个人在教室里。别的人呢?whenhegotonthetr

26、ain，hesaidtotheothers,“theboywasright”当他再次走上列车时他对所有的人说“这男孩是正确的”。another泛指许多中的任何一个。其名词前不加冠词。e.gsayingjsonethinganddoingisan-other说是一回事做又是一回事。thereisanotherseaticansitoverthere还有一个座位我可以坐在那儿。另外，another有时可用作“再一”的意思。e.ghaveanothercupofcoffee，please再喝一杯咖啡吧。还可与数词连用，表示“再个”。e.gjustthinkwhatourcountrywillbeli

27、keinanothertenyears设想一下再过十年我们国家将是什么样子。2cloth，clothes，clothingcloth是指做衣服等用的材料。如布料、毛料、丝绸等，是物质名词不可数，一般不能直接与不定冠词或数词连用，一块布料是apieceofclothe.gthispieceofclothislongenoughforyoutomakeacoat这块布够你做一件上衣。注意：cloth指“具体用途的布”时，可与冠词连用。e.gatablecloth一块桌布adishcloth一块擦碗布也可简称为aclothcleanupthetablewithacloth用块布把桌子擦干净。clot

28、hes指具体的衣服，包括上衣、裤子、内衣、外衣等，不能用作单数，不能与不定冠词或数词连用，但可以与物主代词、指示代词、少数不定代词连用。作主语时，谓语用复数形式。e.ghewearsfineclothes他穿着很讲究。allofherclothesaremadebyhermother她的所有的衣服都是她母亲做的。clothing是衣服、服装的总称，是集体名词。只有单数形式，是区别于其他事物的抽象概念。作主语时渭语动词用单数形式,如果要表示一件衣服时，可说anarticleofclothing或apieceofclothing但不能用asuitofclothing。e.gthatshopsell

29、schildrensclothing那家商店卖童装。theorphansarewellsuppliedwithfoodandclothing孤儿们的衣食供应很充足。3whatthatwhat作连词它本身必须是名词性从句中的一个成分即主语、宾语或表语，这时what具有两个含义：保留疑问的意义，即“什么，什么样的”；相当于“thethingwhichthat”即“先行词+定语从句”的含义可译成“所的”。e.giwonderwhathashappenedtohim我不知道他出什么事了。thevillageisnotwhatitusedtobe这个村子不是从前那个样子了。that作连词，在名词性从句中

30、不作任何成分，没有具体含义，但也不能省去。e.gthetroubleisthathehasneverdonetheworkbefore麻烦在于他以前从未干过这个工作。thattheearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntoall地球绕着太阳转这一点是众所周知的。allthisprovesthatweareright这一切都证明我们是对的。在定语从句中,that是关系代词，代替先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，也就是说关系代词that前必须有先行词；而what在名词性从句中单独作主语、表语和宾语其含义相当于somethingthat，allthat或everythingth

31、at。e.gthatisalliwanttotellyouthatiswhatiwanttotellyou那就是我想告诉你的。在“itis+被强调部分+that+其余部分”强调句中,that本身不作句子成分，无论强调主语、宾语和状语都用that。e.gitisfromtheearly1990sthatsci-entistsstartedtodevelopnewtechniques科学家们是20世纪90年代初开始发展新技术的。itisthepeople,notthingsthataredeci-sive决定的因素是人而不是物。能力训练句型转换thebookissaidtohavebeentrans-latedintoenglish_issaid_thebook_translatedintoenglish答案：it；that；hasbeenthereasonwhyhetooks