名词冠词数词代词介词

1、名词名词的数1、可数名词与不可数名词A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange（ 桔汁） ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper（ 纸） ; time（ 时间）; music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish（ 鱼肉 ）; coke ; porridge ; cake（ 可数或不可数 ）. 不 可数名词应注意以下几点：1）前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单 .2）表量用约数 some /any ; much

2、 ; a lot of 或用 of 短语eg. There is _ bread on the table. CA. a B. one C. a piece of D. manyThere is some _ on the plate. BA. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer2、可数名词的复数A、不规则变化：manmen ; womanwomen ;child childrenpoliceman policemenEnglishman EnglishmenFrenchmanFrenchmenfoot feet ; toothteeth mouse（ 鼠） mice

3、B、规则变化1)s; sh; ch; x 结尾加 es 读iz2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge结尾力口 seg. boxesjb ksiz blouses blauziz _3) f (fe)结尾则变 f(fe)为 v 加 es-读vzeg. kni ves naivz4) “辅+y”结尾变y为i加es清就清s5) 一般加s浊就浊zeg. booksbuks _pen spenz babiesbeibiz_但注意以下几点：potato potatoes ; tomato tomatoes 单复同形：fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese 由ma

4、n , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数man doctor men doctorsreef reefs“某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面.eg.German- Germa nspeople , police常用单数形式表示复数概念The police are_looking for the missing boy.3、名词所有格：名词s (意思是“的”)A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“s”但注意：1)表两者共有则在后者加“s”Lucy and Lily s father 露西和莉莉的父亲Lucy s and Lily s fathers 露西的父亲和莉莉的父

5、亲2)以s结尾的词只加“”eg. 1) the boys books 2) James father3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导eg. the leg of the desk4)双重所有格：a friend of my father sa frie nd of mine ( V ) a friend of my(练 习一、写出下列词的复数1. _book_2.bus _3.orange4. _baby_5.boy_6.my7.his _8.knife_9.watch _1O.sheep_11. tooth_12. leaf _13.German _14.Chinese _二、选择正确的答

6、案()1. Are those _?-No, they aren t. They re_.A. sheep ; cowsB. sheep ; cowC. sheeps ; cowD. sheeps ; cows()2.Mum, I m quite thirsty. Please give me _A. two orange B. two bottles of orangeC. two bottles orange D. two bottles of ora nges()3have got_n ews from my friend. Do you want to know?A. a very g

7、ood B. anyC. a piece ofD. two pieces( )4._ room is on the 5th floor.A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily sC. Lucy s and Lily D. Lucy s and Lily s( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _ to his office.A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minute s walkC. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk( )6.This is James Allan Green.

8、 We can call him .A. Mr. GreenB. Mr. AllanC. Mr. James D. James Green( )7.Jack and Tom are _.A. good friends B. good friendC. a good friend D. good a friend( )8.It s only about ten _ walk to the nearest post office.A. minutes B. minute s C. minutes D. minute( )9.He often has _ for breakfast.A. two b

9、readsB. two piece of breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads( )10.Mrs. Green has two _. They re very bright.A. childs B. child C. childrens D. children( )11.What did the headmaster say about Jim s _.A. two months holiday B.two months holidayC. two- month holiday D. two month s holidays

10、( )12.I won t go there with you, for I have a lot of _ todo.A. works B. job C. work D. working( )13.Li Lei is a friend of _.A. I sisterB. my sistersC. me sister D. my sister of ( )14.Have you read ?A. today sB. today paperC. the today s paper D. today s paper ( )15.How many _ are there in the room?A

11、. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes( )16.Many _ have been built in our city since 1987.A. factorysB. factoriesC. factoryes D. factorys( )17.There are lots of _ in the basket on the table .A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss ( )18.The cat caught two _ last night.A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mi

12、ces( )19.Jack went to have two _ pulled out yesterday afternoon.A. tooths B. tooth C. teeth D. toothes()20.ln our school there are fifty-five .冠词A. wome n teachers B. woma n teachersC. women teacherD. woman s teacher()21.The three _will be put into pris on.A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefs练习答案

13、：1. books 2. buses 3. ora nges4. babies 5. boys 6. our7. their 8. kni ves 9. watches10. sheep 11. teeth 12. leaves13. Germa ns 14. Chi nese_、I 5 ABCBD 6 10 AACCDII15 CCBDA 16 21 BCBCAC初中英语复习专辑(2)1、不定冠词a, ana用在辅音音素开头的词前eg. a booka u_seful booka“ u”ju:sfulju:_ an用于元音开头的词前.eg. an applean hour an“ F”au

14、） ef2、 定冠词the1）特指某人/某物The book on the desk is mine.2）世上独一无二的事物前the sun , the moon, the earth, the sky3）形、副最高级及序数词前The third boy is the tallest of all.（但当这些词前已有其他限定词，如物主代词、所有格、指示代词时, 则不能再用the）He is my first En glish teacher.4）the + 姓的复数表示“某家人”或“某夫妇”。the Gree ns林一家/格林夫妇3、 不用冠词的几种情况：1）在星期、月份、季节前不用冠词2）学

15、科名词前3）球类运动及早、中、晚三餐名词前（但：当三餐名词前有修饰词 时，则要加适当的冠词.表乐曲演奏的名词前应加the）1）He went to school after he hada quick breakfast.2) play the violi n / pia no( )1.There is _ “s” in _ word “bus”.A. a ; a B. an ; the C. a ; the D. an ; a( )2.Maths is _ useful subject. You cant drop it , I think.A. an B. a C. the D. /( )

16、3. _ bad weather it is!A. How B. What a C. How a D. What( )4. What color is _ orange?- It s _ orange.A. an; an B. an ; the C. an ; / D. / ; an( )5.Mr. Li is_ old worker.A. an B. aC. some D. /( )6.Look at _ picture! Theres _ house in itA. a ; a B. the ; the C. a ; the D. the; a( )7.One morning he fou

17、nd _ handbag. There was _ “s”on the corner of _ handbag.A. a ; an ; theB. a ; a ; theC. a ; a ; aD. the ; an ; a( )8.What _ interesting story it is!A. a B. an C. the D. /( )9.Meimei is _ best student in her class.A. a B. an C. / D. the( )10.Tom is _ kind boy. All _ students love him.( )15.China hasA

18、. / B. anC. the D. a( )16.Whatfor “椅 . 子”?A. EnglishB. an EnglishC. the EnglishD. any English( )17.Mary is _ cleverer of the two girls.A. the B. a C. an D. much( )18._ young must look after _ old.A. The ; a B. The ; the C. A ; a D. A ; the( )19. _ earth is one of _ planets.A. The ; sun sB. The ; the

19、 sunC. The ; the sunD. The ; the sunsA. a ; / B. a ; the C. an ; / D. an ; the ( )11.Is _ book on the desk mine? Yes.A. the B. aC. an D. / ( )12.Even while he was in _ hospital, he went on writing songs.A. a B. an C. the D. /( )13.Don t read _.A. in bed B. in the bed C. on bed D. on the bed( )14.Smi

20、th is _ honest man.A. a B. the C. an D. /population of 1,200,000,000.( )20.Tokyo is _.A. the capital of Japan B. capital of JapanC. Japan capital D. a capital of Japan( )21.Kate sometimes plays _ violin( 小提琴 ) and sometimes plays _ table tennis before supper.A. / ; the B. the ; / C. the ; the D. / ;

21、 /()22.- Have you seen _pencil? I left it here this morning.-Is it _ red one ? I saw it.A. a ; the B. the ; the C. the ; a D. a ; a( )23.There is_orange tree behind_house.A. an ; the B. a ; a C. the ; the D. an ; /( )24.How long did you stay there ?-About half _ hour.A. / B. one C. a D. an练习题答案：15 B

22、BDCA610 DABDB1115 ADACD 1620 AABCA2124 BDAD初中英语专辑( 3)代词(一)指示代词： this , that , these , those. this , that一般与可数名词的单数连用，而不与不可数名词连用(但 that 可单独 指代不可数名词)。物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。一变(my mi ne);三力口 s(your 用法：有名不名，无名是名eg. This is _ (我的)my ; mine二留(his his its its)yours ; ourours ; her hers ; theirtheirs)book. T

23、his book is _ (我的)单数复数yourselfyourselvesmyselfourselveshimselfthemselvesherselfitself5.help on eself tothat apple ( V ) that meat (x )The weather in Sichua n is not so hot as_in Guan gzhou.that(二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词1 )人称代词：主格、宾格(作主语为主格，作宾语为宾格；介+宾格)eg. 1)1 thank you2) You tha nk me.2)反身代词的常见搭配：1.enjoy on

24、eself玩得高兴；过得愉快2. hurt on eself伤着自己3. teachon eself= lear n byon eself 自学4. (all) by on eself(完全)独立地请自便；随便3)反身代词：某某自己；亲自3)few , a few ; little , a little.The story is easy to read.There are_new words init.few表否定表肯定可数few（几乎没有）a few（几个；一些）不可数little（ 几乎没有）a little（一点儿少许）C. NobodyD. No one吃6ook after o n

25、eself自理；照顾自己7eave one by on eself把单独留下8ose on eself in陶醉于； 沉浸于（三）不定代词1）some 与 any一般情况下，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句、疑问句（但表 邀请、建议的问句中可用 some此类句型常以could , would 开头）2）ma ny +可数 =a lot of :许多much +不可数（但a lot of 不能用于否定句）_.Hurry up! There is time left. little4) every one / anyone不力口 ofnone of()_of us wan ts to read

26、 the book. BA. Every oneB. Every oneno one5） other ,another , others单数复数定语主语、宾语泛指another三者以上的另一个othe rsome-others特指one the other一个另一个the others =the othe叶 复名（另外的 人或物）.We study _subjects besides Chin ese.May I have _apple_.These cups are clea n. are dirty._have two pens. One is red , _is blue. other

27、;ano ther ; others ; the others另外注意：one another （ 三者以上的）相互each other （两者的）相互We should learn from each other（ 说明 we指两个人）They help one another （ 说明they指三个人以上）6）二者与三者复数单数单数二者both（都）neither（都不）either（任何一个）三者all（都）none（都不）any（任何一个）.both* 否定 neither * all 否定 none.both , all不但作主语为复数，且被修饰的词也为复数；neithernone作

28、主语为单数，但 none of + 复名，neither of + 复名river.()1. _of my pare nts is a teacher. BA. None B. Neither C. Both D. All( )2.There are many trees on _ side of theCA. both B. any C. either D. all匸 every one / any one pf _7)匚each:(二者以上的)每个一一作主、宾、定)Levery:(三者以上的)每个一一只作定语). _stude nt in the class likes En glish.

29、_of the stude nts studied hard.Every ; Each练 习()1. _office is much smaller tha n_.A. Ours ; yours B. Our ; yoursC. Theirs ; our()2.“Help _to some meat. ” my uncle said to me .A. themselves B. yourself C. yourselves()3. There are twenty teachers in our school. Eight of themare men teachers and_are wo

30、me n teachers.A. others B. the others C. ano ther()4.There isn t_paper in the box. Will you go and get_for me ?A. any ; some B. any ; any C. some ; any ( )5.There are many trees on _ sides of the street.A. bothB. all C. each( )6._ of them has a dictionary and _ one of them can lookup words in it.A.

31、Each ; every B. Every; each C. Every; every( )7. “ When shall we meet, this afternoon or tonight?”“I don t mind. _ time is OK.A. Either B. Every C. Neither ( )8.Would you like _ cup of tea?A. other B. the other C. another( )9.The two friends were so pleased to see each other that they forgot _.A. ot

32、her everything B. anything elseC. everything else.( )10._ of his parents is a teacher.A. BothB. Neither C. None( )11.The river is very dirty. people go to swim in it.A. Few B. A few C. Little( )12.A friend of _ came to see _ yesterday.A. his ; his B. he ; him C. his ; him( )13.You can t leave your b

33、aby by _ at home.A. herself B. himself C. itself( )14. My father is very busy with his work. He has _ time to have a rest.A. little B. a little C. few( )15.I have three skirts. One is red. _ two are black.A. another B. the other C. the others( )16.Jack has _ friends here. So he often feels lonely.A.

34、 a little B. a few C. few( )17.Who teaches _ French?A. we B. our C. us( )18.The boys were all tired, but _ of them stopped to have a rest.A. any B. some C. none( )19.Sorry, I cant answer your question. I know _ aboutthe news.A. a little B. little C. few( )20. Hello, Bill! Help _ to a cake .Thanks .A

35、. your B. yourself C. yourselves 四、数词数词分为基数词和序数词。用于表示事物数目的词称为基数词， 表示事物顺序的词称为序数词。1.基数词（1000 以内的基数词的读法 ）365three hundred and sixty-five 505five hundred and five2.基数词变序数词的方法：基变序，有规律；词尾要加 th三，特殊记；词尾分别 tdd八去 t ，九去 e； ve 则以 f 替。ty 则变作 ti ;后面还有一个 e。要是遇到几十几；只将个位变成序。eg. one first twosecond three thirdeight e

36、ighth nineninth twelve twelfthtwenty twentiethtwenty-one - -twenty-first3. 数词的应用：A、时刻表达法：a. 整点：基数词 +oclockeg. It s eight o clock now.b. 几点几分：1 直接表达法：先小时后分eg. 3:25 three twenty-five2. 间接表达法：先分后小时1)(30 分钟) 用 past ：分钟 past 小时eg. 3:25 twenty-five (minutes) past three2） （30分钟）用to : （60-分钟数）to （小时数 +1）eg.

37、 3:35 twen ty-five （mi nu tes） to foury a fourth time?3） 30 分钟=half 15 分钟=a quartereg. 3:30 three thirty = half past three3:15 three fiftee n = a quarter past three.3:45 three forty-five = a quarter to fourB、日期表达法：月日，年（或日月年）1949年10月1日:October1st , nin etee n forty-nine二the first of October, nin etee

38、 n forty-nine2000年:the year two thousa nd=twe nty hun dred2001年：twenty o one3 月 1 日:March the first = the first of MarchC表编号：第 207 房间：Room 207第五课： Less on 5 = the fifth less onD序数词与不定冠词（a; an）连用表“又一；再eg. You ve done it three times. Why not trE、分数的表达：分子（基数）、分母（序数）eg. one third三分之一 two thirds三分之二注意：1.

39、分子超过1时，分母加s2.含分数的短语作主语由分数后的词决定谓语eg.1)One third of the students are girls.2)One third of the milk is mine3.分数的特殊形式1) one third = a third2) one fourth = a quarterthree fourths = three quarters3) one sec ond = a halfF、一些数词的复数+ of表约数：hun dreds of ; thousa nds of ; millio ns of练 习()1f you go out at night

40、, you ll be able to see_starts.A. thousa nds of B. thousa nd ofC. nine thousa nds of D. thousa nds()2.M on day is _day of the week.A. first B. the firstC. the secondD.second()3.You ve done it twice. Why not try _time?A. third B. the third C. a third D. once()4.Which is the_mon th? It s September.A.

41、nine B. nin eth C. ninth D. ninetyA. the twelfth months B. the twelfth monthon theC. the twelveth months D. twelve months( )6.There are _ floors in the building and he lives floor.A. eighteen, fifteen B. eighteenth, fifteenthC. eighteen, fiveteen D. eighteen, fifteenth ( )7.I was born _, 1982.A. on

42、June 2rd B. in June 2ndC. on June two D. on June 2( )8.It s _ from our home to the zoo.A. two and a half hours walkB. a half and two hours walkC. two ho urs and a half hours walkD. two and a half hour s walk( )9.What time is it now? It s _ to six.A. quarter B. a quarter C. quarto C. a quarto( )10.Wi

43、ll you be back in _ ?A. one or two minutes B. one minute or twoC. two minutes or one D. two or one minute( )11.Mary s uncle went to France _.A. in his thirties B. on his thirtiesC. at his thirties D. about his thirties( )12.The headmaster wrote a _ report.A. two thousand words B.two-thousand-wordsC.

44、 two-thousand words D. two-thousand-word( )13._of the apples in the fruit bowl are soft and sweet.A. Two-thirdB. Second-thirdC. Two-thirdsD. Second-thirds( )14.We have learned about _ these days.A. several hundreds English wordsB. hundreds of English wordsC. hundred of English wordsD. several hundre

45、d English word( )15.A UNreport says that the word population will pass six billion by the end of _ century.A. twentiethB. twentyC. the twentieth D. the twentyth 五、介词1.in; on; at 用在时间词前，表“在”1)at + 具体时刻2)on + 具体某天(具体某天的上、下午等；星期词；以及上、下午 词前有修饰词时)3)in + 年、月、季节及一天中的某部分 但注意： at night= in the night at noona

46、t this / that time at Christmaseg. 1. _the morni ng 2. _Mon day morni ng3. _a rai ny eve ning 4._3:50 5._ 20026. _the morni ng of April 10 7. spri ng8. _night 9. _this time 10._March另外注意：在时间词(morni ng , after noon , eve ning ; Sun day ) 前有 last, next , this , that 时，不再用介词.tomorrow, tonight 前也不用介词。eg

47、. I will go(A) to the cinema(B) _ C) this eve ning.2. in , on , at表地点：at 一般指小地方；in 一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表 示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：eg. 1)He arrived _Shan ghai yesterday.2) They arrived _a small village before dark.3) There is a big hole _the wall.4) The teacher put up a picture_the wall.3.in , on , to 表方位in(范围内)

48、；on(范围外且接壤)；to(范围外但不接壤)。可表示为下图的位置关系eg.1)Taiwa n is in the southeast of China.2) Hubei is on the n orth of Hunan.3) Japa n is to the east of China.cross:动词“跨过，越过” 二go across4. across:(表面)跨过，through:（内部）穿过，贯穿 介词eg. 1)Ca n you swim _the river?2)The road runs _the forest.3) _the bridge, you II find a ci

49、nema.5； in + 时间段：与将来时连用after + 时间段：与过去时连用但after +时间点：可与将来时连用。1) I II leave _three o clock. That is, I II leave_about ten mi nu tes.2)They Iefttwo weeks.6. in the tree(外加在树上的事物）on the tree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等 ） in the waII(L镶嵌在墙内部的事物）7. on the waII(墙表面的事物）1) There is a map _the waII2) There are four wi ndo

50、ws _the waII.8. by bike / bus / car / ship (单数且无冠词)但当这些交通工具名词前有其它修饰词时，则应使用相应的介词eg. by bike = on a(the; his) bikeby car = in a(the ; her) carn: -在(表面)上 -接触9. over:在的正上方1) The moon rose _the hill.2) There is a bridge _the river.3) There is a book _the desk.10. betwee n: 在(两者)之间among : 在(三者以上)之间1) A bi

51、g crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach._them were his pare nts.2) Tom sits _Lucy and Lily.11.on 与 about : 关于on用于较正式的演讲、学术、书籍等about用于非正式的谈话或随便提及eg. He gave a talk_the history of the Party1寸.in front of :在前面/方(范围外)=beforein / at the front of:在.前部(范围内)1) There is a big tree _of the cla

52、ssroom.2) A driver drives_of the bus.类似区别：at the back of 与 behind13.with和in:表示“用“with:指“用工具、手、口等”in:指“用语言、话语、声音等”1) Please write the letter_a pen.2） Please speak_a loud voice.14. on a farm ; in a factory ; the girl in the hat; leave for:动身前往某地15.一些固定搭配：（1） 介词与动词的搭配liste n to , laugh at, get to, look

53、 for;wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spendon， 等。（2） 介词与名词的搭配on time, in time, by bus, on foot,with pleasure, on one s way to, in trouble,at breakfast, at the end of, i n the end等。（3） 介词与形容词的搭配be late for, be afraid of, be good at,be in terested in, be angry

54、 with,be full of, be sorry for等。六、连词：从属连词和并列连词（一）从属连词：用于连接各种从句的连词（二）并列连词：并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列 连词有：1.表并列关系的 and, both and, not only but also, neither nor 等。2.表选择关系的or, eitheror等。3.表转折关系的but, while（然而）等。4.表因果关系的for, so 等。5. and:“和”在肯定句中表并列or:“和”在否定句中表并列2)or “否则”eg. .Which do you like better, t

55、ea or milk?.Hurry up, or you ll be late for school.6. but“但是”表转折eg. I liste ned, but I heard no thi ng.注意：1)though(虽然),but(但是)不能连用2)notbut 不是而是eg. This book isn t mine but yours.both and : 既又(连接主语为复数)、neither nor: 既不也不连接两主7.either or: 或者或者语后者决not on ly but also: 不但而且 定单、复eg.1)Both he and I are stude

56、 nts.2)Neither he nor I am a stude nt.练 习()1._ the after noon of May, we visitedthe old man. A.On B. AtC. I n()2.Ma ny people work_the day and sleep_ni ght. A.on ; at B. i n ; in C. i n ; at()3.He speaks Japa nese best _the boy stude nts. A.betwee n B. with C. among( )8.Shanghai isthe east of China.

57、A. in B. on C. to( )9. _ my fathers help, I have finished my composition.A. UnderB. OnC. with( )10 .He s very stricthimself and hes very stricthis work.A. with ; inB. in ; with C. with ; with( )11.I really cant agreeyou.A. toB. onC. with( )12.The shop wont open _ nine in the morning.A. until B. atC.

58、 during( )13.How aboutthe flowers now?( )4.A wolf _ a sheep skin is our dangerous enemy. A.with B. in C. on ( )5.Joan hopes to come back _ three days.A. after B. for C. in ( )6.They sent the letter to me _ mistake.A. by B. for C. with ( )7.He left home _ a cold winter evening.A. at B. on C. inA. wat

59、ering B. are watering C. watered ( )14.She spent all his money _ books.A. inB. with C. onA. inB. forC. on( )15.They are talking _ low voices.A. withB. in C. on( )16.It s very kind _ you to help us.A. forB. to C. of( )17.What will you have _ breakfast this morning?A. withB. for C. by( )18.A plane is

60、flying _ the city.A. onB. over C. above( )19.You are free to speak _ the meeting.A. atB. in C. on( )20.Mr. Green will stay in China_ Friday.A. toB. onC. till( )21.It s wrong to play tricks _ other people.A. onB. of C. with( )22.Which color do you like? I prefer blue _ red. A.for B. as C. to( )23.The