公路工程专业词汇翻译(汉英

1、公路工程名词术语JTJ002-87中英文对照表公路highway道路服务水平level of service道路road公路交通规划traffic pl anning公路工程highway engineering交通调查traffic survey公路网highway network交通量调查traffic volume survey公路网密度highway density交通量观测站traffic volume observation公路等级highway classificationstation公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway起迄点调查（OD调查）ori

2、gin-destination study公路用地highway right-of-way出行trip高速公路freeway境内交通local traffic等级公路classified highway过境交通through traffic辅导relief road交通发生traffic generation干线公路arterial highway交通分布traffic distribution支线公路feeder highway交通分配traffic assignment专用公路accomodation highway交通预测traffic p rognosis国家干线公路（国道）natio

3、nal trunk highway行车道carriageway省级干线公路（省道）p rovincial trunk highway分离式行车道divided carriageway县公路（县道）county road车道lane乡公路（乡道）townshi p road变速车道sp eed-change lane辐射式公路radial highway加速车道acceleration lane环形公路ring highway减速车道deceleration lane绕行公路bypass爬坡车道climbing lane交通结构traffic structure停车道p arking lane交

4、通组成traffic com po sition错车道turn-out lane混合交通mixed traffic自行车道cycle path交通流traffic flow路侧人行道sidewalk交通流理论traffic flow theory分隔带lane sep erator车流vehicle stream中央分隔带median divider交通密度traffic density中间带central strip车头间距sp ace headway路肩shoulder;verge车头时距time headway路缘带marginal strip车间净距vehicular gap路缘石ke

5、rb;curb延误delay侧向余宽lateral clearance地点速度spot speed路拱camber;crown行驶速度running sp eed路拱横坡crown slope运行速度po erating sp eed公路建筑限界clearance of highway临界速度critical sp eed公路路线highway route平均速度average sp eed公路线形highway alignment计算行车速度（设计车速）design speed平面线形horizontal alignment交诵量traffic volume纵面线形vertical alig

6、nment年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic线形要素alignment elements月平均日交通量monthly average daily traffic平曲线horizontal curve年第30位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annual极限最小平曲线半径limited minimum radius ofhourly volume复曲线horizontal curve年最大小时交通量maximum annual hourlycom po und curve设计小时交通量design hourly volume反向曲线rever

7、se curve通行能力traffic cap acity断背曲线broken-back curve基本通行能力basic traffic cap acity回头曲线switch-back curve可能通行能力po ssible traffic cap acity缓和曲线transition curve设计通行能力design traffic cap acity竖曲线vertical curve弯道加宽curve widening公路工程名词术语JTJ002-87中英文对照表加宽缓和段transition zone of curve交通岛traffic island超咼sup ereleva

8、tion导流岛channe lization island超高缓和段supere levation runoff中心岛central island纵坡longitudinal gradient安全岛refuge island最大纵坡maximum longitudinal gradient沿线设施roadside facilities最小纵坡minimum ongitudinal gradient交通安全设施traffic safety device变坡点grade change po int人行横道crosswalk平均纵坡average gradiant人形地道p edestrian un

9、der pass坡长限制grade length limitation人形天桥p edestrian overcrossing高原纵坡拆减highland grade com pensation护栏guard fence缓和坡段transition grading zone防护栅guard fence,safety barrier合成坡度resultant gradent遮光栅anti-dizzling screen视距sight distance应急电话emergency tele phone停车视距non-passing sight distance;反光标志reflective sign

10、Stopp ing sight distance反光路钮reflective button超车视距p assing sight distance弯道反光镜traffic mirror道路交叉road intersection;道路交通标志road traffic sign道口railroad grade crossing警告标志warning sign平面交叉at-grade intersection ;grade crossing禁令标志regulatory sign正交叉right-angle intersection指示标志guide sign斜交叉skew intersection指路

11、标志information sign环形交叉rotary intersection辅助标志auxiliary sign十字形交叉+ intersection可变信息标志changeable message signT形交叉T intersection路面标线p avement marking错位交叉offset intersection;staggered junction防雪设施snow p rotection facilitiesY形交叉Y intersection防沙设施sands p rotection facilities立体交叉grade sep aration隔音墙acousti

12、c barrier分离式立体父叉sim ple grade sep aration,se parate停车场p arking areagrade crossing踏勘reconnaissance互通式立体交叉interchange可行性研究feasibility study首宿叶形立体交叉full cloverleaf interchange线形设计highway alignment design部分首宿叶形立体父叉cloverleaf interchange公路景观设计highway landsca pe design菱形立体交叉diamond interchange选线route sele

13、ction疋向式立体父叉directional interchange路线控制点control po int喇叭形立体交叉three-leg interchange定线location环形立体交叉rotary interchange比较线alternative line匝道ramp展线line devel op ment交叉口road crossing; intersection初测p reliminary survey交叉口进口intersection entrance定测location survey交叉口出口intersection exit地貌top ogra phie fcature

14、加铺转角式交叉 口intersection with widened地物culture拓宽路口式交叉口corners地形top ogra phyflared intersection台地terrace分道转弯式父叉口channelized intersection垭口p ass; saddle back渠化交通channelization平原区p lain terrain父织weaving微丘区rolling terrain交织路段weaving section重丘区hilly terrain合流converging山岭区mountainous terrain分流diverging沿溪线val

15、ley line冲突点conflict po intNo. 2 Total 10公路工程名词术语 JTJ002-87中英文对照表山脊线 山坡线 越岭线 土方调配 土方调配图 土方调配经济运距 导线 导线测量 中线 中线测量 施工测量 竣工测量（路线）平面图 交占八、 虚交点 转点 转角 方位角 象限角 方向角 切线长 曲线长 外（矢）距 测站 测点 中桩 加桩 护桩 断链 水准测量 水准点 绝对基面 咼程 地面高程 设计高程 （路线）纵断面图 中桩填挖高度 地形测量 基线 地形图 等高线 横断面测量 横断面图 坑探 钻探 摄影测量 航空摄影测量 地面立体摄影测量 地面控制点测量航摄基线aero

16、p hoto base影像地图P hotogra phic map像片索引图（镶辑复照图）Photo index 航摄像片判读 综合法测图 全能法测图 微分法测图 像片镶嵌图 路基 路堤 路堑 半填半挖式路基 台口式路基 路基宽度 路基设计高程（路基）最小填土高度 边坡 边坡坡度（边）坡顶 （边）坡脚 护坡道 边坡平台 碎落台 护坡 挡土墙 重力式挡土墙 横重式挡土墙 悬臂式挡土墙 扶壁式挡土墙 柱板式挡土墙 锚杆式挡土墙 锚碇板式挡土墙 石笼 抛石 路基排水 边沟 截水沟 排水沟 急流槽 跌水 蒸发池 盲沟 渗水井 透水路堤 过水路面 填方 挖方 借土 弃土ridge line hill-s

17、ide line ridge crossing line cut-fill transition cut-fill transition p rogram economical hauling distance traverse traverse survey center line center line survey construction survey final survey p lan intersection po int imaginary intersection po int turning po int intersection angle azimuth angle b

18、earing direction angle tangent length curve length external secant instrument station observation po int center stake additional stake reference stake broken chainage levelling survey bench mark absolute datum elevation ground elevation designed elevation p rofile cut and fill at center stake topogr

19、ap hic survey base line topograp hic map contour line cross-sectional survey cross-section p it test boring p hotogrammetry aerial p hotogrammetry ground stere op hoto grammetry ground control-po int surveyaerop hoto inter pretation pl animatric p hoto universal p hoto differential p hoto p hoto mos

20、aic subgrade embankment cutting part cut-p artfill subgrade benched subgrade width of subgrade design elevation of subgrade minimum height of fill side slope grade of side slope top of slope toe of slope berm pl ain stage of slope berm at the foot of cutting slope slope p rotection retaining wall gr

21、avity retaining wall balance weight retaining wall cantilever retaining wall counterfort retaining wall column-plate retaining wall anchored retaining wall by tie rods anchored bulkhead retaining wall rock filled gabion riprap subgrade drainage side ditch interce pting ditch drainage ditch chute dro

22、p water eva po ration p ond blind drain see page well p ermeable embankment ford fill cutborrow earth wasteNo. 3 Total 10公路工程名词术语JTJ002-87中英文对照表取土坑borrow p it次高级路面sub-high type P avement弃土堆waste bank中级路面intermediate type p avement回填土back-filling低级路面low type p avement黄土loess水泥混凝土路面cement concrete p a

23、vement软土soft soil沥青路面bituminous p avement淤泥mud沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete p avement泥沼moor沥青碎石路面bituminous macadam p avement泥炭p eat沥青贯入碎（砾）石路面bituminous penetration盐渍土salty soilp avement膨胀土exp ansive soil沥青表面处治bituminous surface treatment冻土frozen soil块料路面block p avement流砂quicksand石块路面stone block p ave

24、ment软弱地基soft ground泥结碎石路面clay-bound macadam p avement强夯法dynamic consolidation水结碎石路面water-bound macadam p avement预压法p reloading method级配路面graded aggregate p avement反压护道loading berm稳疋土基层stabilized soil base course砂井sand drain工业废渣基层industrial waste base course路基沙垫层sand mat of subgrade块石基层telford base压实

25、com paction层铺法sp reading in layers压实度degree of com paction拌和法mixing method（标准）最大干容重maximum dry unit weight厂拌法pl ant mixing method相对密实度relative density路拌法road mixing method毛细水cap illary water热拌法hot mixing method土石方爆破blasting crater冷拌法cold mixing method抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock贯入法p enetration met

26、hod爆破漏斗blasting crater铺砌法p itching method松动爆破blasting for loosening rock缩缝contraction joint爆破作用圈acting cire les of blasting胀缝exp ansion joint路面p avement真缝true joint弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayer theory假缝dummy joint（回弹）弯沉deflection横缝transverse joint加州承载比（CBR）California bearing ratio(CBR)纵缝longitudinal jo

27、int路面宽度width of p avement施工缝construction joint路槽road trough传力杆dowel bar刚性路面rigid p avement拉杆tie bar柔性路面flexible p avement路面平整度surface evenness路面结构层p avement structure layer路面粗糙度surface roughness面层surface course路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of p avement磨耗层wearing course附着力adhesive force联结层binder course水

28、滑现象hydr opl aning p henomenon基层base course桥梁bridge垫层bed course公路桥highway bridge隔水层aquitard公铁两用桥highway and rail transit bridge隔温层thermal insulating course人形桥p edestrian bridge圭寸层seal coat跨线桥over pass bridge透层p rime coat高架桥viaduct保护层p rotection course永久性桥p ermanent bridge补强层streng thening layer半永久性桥s

29、emi-permanent bridge高级路面high type p avement临时性桥tem porary bridge公路工程名词术语JTJ002-87中英文对照表钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge横梁floor beam预应力混凝土桥p restressed concrete bridge纵梁longitudinal beam,stringer钢桥steel bridge挂梁sus pended beam圬工桥masonry bridge拱圈arch,ring木桥timber bridge拱上结构sp andrel structure正交桥right

30、bridge腹拱sp andrel arch斜交桥skew bridge拱上侧墙sp andrel wall弯桥curved bridge桥面系floor system,bridge decking坡桥bridge on slope桥面铺装bridge deck p avement斜桥skew bridge伸缩缝exp ansion and contraction joint正桥right bridge桥面伸缩装置 bridge floor expansion and上承式桥deck bridgecontraction installation中承式桥half-through bridge忙人

31、afety belt安全带下承式桥through bridge桥头搭板transition slab at bridge head梁桥beam bridge下部结构substructure简支梁桥sim ple suppo rted team bridge桥墩p ier连续梁桥continuous beam bridge墩身pier body悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge墩帽cop ing联合梁桥com po site beam bridge盖梁bent cap板桥slab bridge破冰体ice apron拱桥arch bridge重力式桥墩gravity pier双

32、曲拱桥two-way curved arch bridge实体桥墩solid p ier空腹拱桥open sp andrel arch bridge空心桥墩hollow pier实腹拱桥filled sp andrel arch bridge柱式桥墩column p ier系杆拱桥bowstring arch bridge排架桩墩p ile bent pier桁架桥truss bridge柔性墩flexible p ier钢构桥rigid frame bridge制动墩braking pierT形钢构桥T-sha ped rigid frame bridge单向推力墩single direct

33、ion thrusted pier连续钢构桥continuous rigid frame bridge桥台abutment斜腿钢构桥rigid frame bridge with inclined台身abutment bodylegs前墙front wall斜拉桥（斜张桥）cable stayed bridge翼墙wing walls悬索桥sus pension bridge台帽cop ing漫水桥submersible bridge锥坡conical slope浮桥p ontoon bridge耳墙wing walls开启桥movable bridgeU形桥台U-sha ped abutme

34、nt装配式桥fabricated bridge八字形桥台flare wing wall abutment装拆式钢桥fabricated steel bridge一字形桥台head wall abutment,straight abutment涵洞culvert重力式桥台gravity abutment管涵pipe culvert埋置式桥台buried abutment拱涵arch culvert扶壁式桥台counterforted abutment箱涵box culvert锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment盖板涵slab culvert支撑式桥台suppo rte

35、d type abutment无压力式涵洞non-pressure culvert地基subsoil压力式涵洞p ressure culvert加固地基consolidated subsoil半压力式涵洞p artial p ressure culvert天然地基natural subsoil倒虹吸涵sip hon culvert基础foundation上部结构sup erstructure扩大基础sp read foundation主梁main beam沉井基础open caission foundation公路工程名词术语JTJ002-87中英文对照表管柱基础cylindrical sha

36、ft foundation位移dis pl acement桩基础p ile po undation变形deformation桩pile挠度deflection预制桩p recast p ile预拱度camber就地灌注桩cast-in-pl ace concrete p ile流域catchment basin摩擦桩friction p ile集水面积runoff area支承桩bearing p ile径流runoff承台bearing pl atform水文测验hydrological survey支座bearing河床river bed固定支座fixed bearing河槽river c

37、hannel活动支座exp ansion bearing主槽main channel索塔cable bent tower边滩side shoal索鞍cable saddle河滩rlood land调治构造物regulating structure河床宽度bed width丁坝spur dike河槽宽度channel width顺坝longitudinal dam过水断面discharge section桥位bridge site水位water level桥梁全长total length of bridge最高（或最低）水位maximum(minimum)water level主桥main br

38、idge通航水位navigable water level引桥app roach span设计水位design water level跨径span水面比降water surface slope桥涵计算跨径com pu ted span河床比降gradient of river bed桥涵净跨径clear span湿周weffed p erimeter矢跨比rise span ratio糙率coefficient of roughuess计算矢高calculated rise of arch水力半径hydraulic radius桥下净空clearance of span水文计算hydrolog

39、ical com pu tation桥面净空clearance above bridge floor设计流量designed discharge桥梁建筑高度construction height of bridge设计流速designed flow velocity荷载load行近流速app roach velocity永久荷载p ermanent load洪水调查floor survey可变何载variable load洪水频率floor frequency偶然荷载accidental load设计洪水频率designed flood frequency荷载组合loading combina

40、tions潮汐河流tidal river车辆荷载标准loading standard for design vchicle悬移质suspended load设计荷载design load推移质bed material load施工荷载construction load水力计算hydraulic com pu tation梁beam水头water head简支梁sim pl e-s upported beam冲刷scour连续梁continuous beam桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge悬臂梁cantilever beam桥墩（或墩台）局部冲刷local sco

41、ur near pier板slab自然演变冲刷natural scour拱arch冲刷系数coefficient of scouring桁架truss淤积silting刚构rigid frame壅水back water柱column流冰ice drift强度strength先张法p retensioning method刚度stiffness ,rigidity后张法po st-tensioning method抗裂度crack resistance缆索吊装法erection with cableway稳定性stability悬臂拼装法erection by p rotrusionNo. 6

42、Total 10公路工程名词术语 JTJ002-87中英文对照表悬臂浇筑法cast-in-pl ace cantilever mathod路面滑溜surface sli pp eriness移动支架逐跨施工法span by span method露骨suiface angularity纵向拖拉法erection by longtitudinal pulling啃边edge failuremethod泛油bleeding顶推法incremental launching method拥包up heaval转体架桥法construction by swing拱胀blow up浮运架桥法erectin

43、g by floating错台faulting of slab ends顶入法jack-in method错位slab staggering围堰cofferdam滑坡slide护筒p ile casing坍方land slide隧道tunnel崩塌colla pse洞门tunnel portal碎落debris avalanche衬砌tunnel lining沉降settlement明洞open cut tunnel沉陷subsidence围岩surrounding rork泥石流mud avalanche隧道建筑限界structural app roach limit of runnels（

44、振动）液化liquefaction明挖法open cut method翻浆frost boiling矿山法mine tunnelling method岩溶karst盾构法shield tunneling method沙害sand hazard沉埋法（沉管法）lmmersed tunnel雪害snow hazard导坑heading水毁washout隧道支撑tunnel support好路率rate of good road构件支撑element support养护质量综合值general tating of maintenance喷锚支护lock bolt support with shotc

45、retequality隧道通风tunnel ventilation路容road app earance隧道照明tunnel lighting路况road condition养护maintenance路况调查road condition survey定期养护p eriodical maintenance路政管理rlad administration巡回养护p atrol maintenance民工建勤civilian labourers working on大中修周期maintenance p eriodp ublic p roject小修保养routine maintenance养路费toll

46、 of road maintenance中修intermediate maintenance养路道班maintenance gang大修heavy maintenance粒料granular material改善工程road inp rovement集料（骨料）aggregate抢修emergency rep air of road矿料mineral aggregate加固strengthening of structure矿粉mineral po wder回砂sand swee ping砂sand罩面overlay of p avement砾石gravel路面翻修p avement reca

47、 pp ing砂砾sand gravel路向补强p avement strengthening卵石cobble stone车辙rutting碎石broken stone,crushed stone路面搓板surface corrugation片石rubble路面网裂net-sha ped cracking块石block stone路面龟裂alligator cracking料石dressed stone路面碎裂p avement sp alling石屑chi p反射裂缝reflection crack工业废渣industrial solid waste路面坑槽pot holes结合料binde

48、r路面冻胀surface frost heave有机结合料organic binding agent路面沉陷p avement dep ression沥青 地沥青bitumen asp haltNo. 7 Total 10公路工程名词术语JTJ002-87中英文对照表天然沥青natural asp halt液限liquid limit石油沥青p etroleum asp halt塑限plastic limit煤沥青coal tar缩限shrinkage limit乳化沥青emulsified bitumen塑性指数pl asticity index氧化沥青oxidized asp halt水泥

49、标号cement mark路用沥青road bitumen水泥混凝土标号cement concrete mark无机结合料inorganic binding agent水泥混凝土配合比propo rtioning of cement concrete粉煤灰fly ash水灰比water cement ratio混合料mixture和易性workabillty沥青混合料bituminous mixture坍落度slum p沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete mixture硬化hardening沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam mixture水硬性hydrau

50、licity沥青砂asp halt sand气硬性air hardening沥青膏asp halt mastic离析segregation水泥砂浆cement mortar徐变cree p石灰砂浆lime mortar老化ageing水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete mixture（沥青）稠度consistency (of bitumen)水泥混凝土cement concrete针入度p enetration钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete粘（滞）度viscosity预应力（钢筋）混凝土p restressed concrete软化点softening po in

51、t早强混凝土early strength concrete延度ductility干硬性混凝土dry concrete闪点flash po int贫混凝土lean concrete溶解度dissolubility轻质混凝土light-wehght concrete热稳性hot stability纤维混凝土fibrous concrete水稳性water stability外掺剂admixture油石化asp halt-aggregate ratio减水剂water reducing agent含油率bitumen content加气剂air entraining agent压碎率rate of crushi