定语从句归纳及专项练习题

1、定语从句语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose,另外，as也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有：when, where和why。在定语从句中充当状语。二、 关系代词的用法（一）基本用法 根据先行词的不

2、同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。如下表：关系词先行词从句成分例句备注who人主语，宾语Do you know the man who is talking with your motherwhom人宾语Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy （whom） she loved died in the war.whose人，物定语I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my cl

3、assmate.that人，物主语，宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star （that） I want to see very much.which物主语，宾语The book （which） I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible.whom, which和that在从句中做宾语 时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面 关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that关系 代词as人，物主语，宾语He is such a

4、person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.as做宾语一般不省略例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week （作主语）I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published.（作主语）The plan that/which they argued about was

5、 settled at last.（作宾语）This is the new secretary （who/whom/that） I would like to introduce to you . （作宾语）The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。（见上例）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that在代替物时，一般可以通用。但在有些情况下，只用that。先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级

6、形容词修饰时。例如：This is the best that has been used against pollution.English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。例如：This is the last place （that） I want to visit.It is the first American movie of this kind that I ve ever seen 先行词是 all, much, little, so

7、mething, everything, anything, nothing, none 等代词时。例如：You should hand in allthat you have.We havent got much that we can offer you. 先行词前面有 the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every 等修饰时。例如：The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.The little money （that） he had was stol

8、en.（三）宜用who,而不用that的一些情况 先行词是 one, ones, anyone时。例如：One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.Dont tell anyone about the news who oughtnt to know it.先行词是those时。例如： Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth.（四）其它情况 先行词既有人又有

9、物时。例如： Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station. 主句已有疑问词 who或which时。例如：Which is the bike that you lostWho is the woman that was praised at the meeting（五）与whose有关的问题whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如：I

10、 saw a woman whose bag was stolenPlease show me the book whose cover is red 当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用of which的形式。例如： The build ing whose roof you can see from here is a new restaura nt.The build ing, the roof of which you can see from here, is a new restaura nt.或The build ing, of which the roof you can

11、 see from here is a new restaura nt.三、介词前提的问题关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。 例如：Have you seen the pen (which) I wrote the note with just now (which 作介词 with 的宾语)Have you see n the pen with which I wrote the note just now但是，要注意的是： 介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom和which，而不再用that或who。 介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。 有些含有介

12、词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：look for, look after, take care of等。例如：错误： Who is the old man to that you were talking to正确： Who is the old man to whom you were talking 或 Who is the old man (that/ whom) you were talking to 错误：These are the sheepof which the boy took care.正确：These are the sheep(which/that) the boy

13、took care of .四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。 例如：Who is the guy that is reading over thereThe number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000.All that n eeds to be done has bee n done.He is one of the students who use computer a lot for stu

14、dy.Timmy is the only one of the pupils that has failed the exam.例中的all意为“一切”，作单数。例中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。 that 与 which, who, whom 的用法区别：情况用法说明例句只用that的情况先行词为 all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。 先行词被 all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时先行词

15、既指人又指物时先行词被the only, the very修饰时句中已经有 who或which时，为了避免重复时1. He told me everything that he knows.2. All the books that you offered have been given out.3. This is the best film that I have ever read.4. We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5. He is the only man that I want to see.6.

16、 Who is the man that is making a speech只用 which, who, whom的情况在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人在由“介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom 指人。先行词本身是that时，关系词用 which,先行词为those, one, he时多 用 who。1. He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.2. I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.3.Those wh

17、o respect others are usually respected by others.定语从句专项练习（1）place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A. WhichB. whereC. what D. in whichyou know the man _A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke is the hotel_last month.A. which they stayedB. at that they stayedC. where

18、 they stayed atD. where they stayedyou know the year the Chinese Communist Party was foundedA. whichB. thatC. when D. on whichis the day _ril never forget.A. whichB. on which C. in which D. whenfactory _well visit next week is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. which D. in which changes have

19、taken place in the factory _we are working sincethen.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. thereis one of the best films _.A. that have been shown this yearB. that have shownC. that has been shown this yearD. that you talkedyou lend me the book _the other dayA. about which you talkedB. which you talkedC. about

20、that you talkedD. that you talkedpen _he is writing is mine.which which which whicharrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy.A. whomB. whoC. whichD. thatengineer _my father works is about 50 years old.whom whom which D. with whomthere anyone in your class_family is in the countryA. whoB.

21、whosC. whichD. whosem interested in _you have said.A. all thatwhat C. that D. whichwant to use the same dictionary_was used yesterday.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. asisnt such a man_he used to be.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. asis good at English,_we all know.A. thatB. asC. whomD. whatMing,_to the concert enjoye

22、d it very much.C. running; who D. run; thats had all his money stolen.D. on whichD. which you visited the modernD. the one where the days back to the oldA. I went withB. with whom I wentC. with who I wentwent with himdont like_as you read.A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novel

23、stalked a lot about things and persons _they rememberedin the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. whatletter is from my sister,_is working in Beijing.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. whoour factorythereare 2,000 workers,two thirds ofarewomen.A. themB.whichC. whomD. whore the only personrve ever metcould do it.t

24、hat; whatD. what; that47. Is _some German friends visited last weekA this school the school school school where48. John got beaten in the game, _had been expected.A. asB. thatC. whatD. who49. I have bought two ballpens, _writes well.A. none of themB. neither of themC. neither of whichD. none of whic

25、h50. All that can be eaten _eaten up.A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 定语从句专项练习（2）1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, _from east towest. Thoserun from north to south are calledA. who;/B./; whom C. whom;/D./; wholost a book, _I cant remember now.A. whose title B. its titl

26、e C. the title of it D. the title of thatsummer we visited the West Lake,_Hangzhou is famous inthe world.whichthat which D whathave bought such a watch _was advertised on TV.A. thatB. whichC. asD. itcan never forget the day _we worked together and theday _we spent together.;which ; when ; that which

27、; whenway _he looks at problems is wrong.A. whichB. whose C. what D./is the reason_he didnt come to the meeting.A. in which B. with which C. that D. for whichmachine, _for many years, is still working perfectly.which I have looked B. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked afterD. I have look

28、ed afterreason_he didnt come was _he was ill.A. why; that B. that; why C. for that; hat D. for which; whatis working hard, _will make him pass the final exam.whichis not the way _I do it.A./whichwhichhave two grammars,_are of great use.A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of wh

29、ichwant to use the same tools _used in your factory a fewdays ago.was B. which was were D. whichneigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _was very kind of them.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. itis the magazine _I copied the paragraph.A. that B. which C. from that D. from whichis not such a man

30、 _would leave his work half done.A. thatB. which C. whoD. as39. You can depend on whatever promise _he makes.A. /B. whyC. whenD. whose40. Smoking, _is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. thatB. whichC. it D. though41. - Did you ask the guard _happened-Yes, he told me all_he knew.;that B. what; what

31、 C. which; which D. that; that42. I shall never forget those years _I lived on the farm withthe farmers, _has a great effect on my life.;who ; which C. which; that D. when; which43. The number of the people who_cars _increasing.;are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are44. During the days _, he worked

32、as a servant at the Browns.follow followed45. Is oxygen the only gas_helps fire burnA. thatB. /C. whichD. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _he could see_was going on inside house.A. which; whatB. through which; whatavenues.A. running; that B. run; who2. This is the case_heA. when B. whe

33、re C. that3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn,_we willenjoy the Olympic Games in 2008.A. where B. when C. which D. how4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paintany thi ng _.A. that the little girl asks him B. the little girl asks him toC. for the little girl to

34、 ask him D. what the little girl asks him5. How did you get in touch with the travel agent, RobinOh, that easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one the telephone number is provided.A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose6. October 15 th is my birthday,_I will never forget.A. when B. that C.

35、what D. which7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point he can walk correctly and safely.A. when B. where C. which D. whose8. There are several research centers in China _a certaindisease called Bird Flu is being studied.A. which B. where C. when D. what9. I hope that the lit

36、tle_I have been able to do does goodto them all.A. which B. what C. that D. when10. The time is not far away _modern communications willbecome widespread in China s vast countryside.A. as B. when C. until D. before11. _is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. Wemust unify it.A. It B. AsC. W

37、hichD. What12. I shall never forget the day _ Shen Zhou V waslaunched, _has a great effect on my life.A. when, which B. that, which C. which, that D. when, that13. The bread my wife makes is much better than _youcan buy at a store.A. that whichB. one thatC. that of whichD. this of which14. There is

38、no such place_you dream of in all this world.A. that B. what C. which D. as15. The people, _had been damaged by the flood, weregiven help by the Red Cross.A. all whose homesB. all of whose homesC. all their homesD. all of their homes16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, _ ofcourse, will c

39、ause severe punishment from it sooner or later.A. who B. when C. on which17. Is this research center _equipment last yearA. where B. that C. the one that18. Some pictures of the river brought_they swam in it.A. when B. that C. who D. where19. The man showed us so heavy a stone _no man can lift.A. wh

40、atB. thatC. whichD. oneA. that B. as C. which D. and20. He stayed there for quite a long time, during _time helearned much spoken English.A. that B. this C. which D. same定语从句专项练习（3）1. Who is the woman _ is sweeping the floor over thereA. whoB. /C. thatD. when2. The doctor _ is leaving for Africa nex

41、t month.A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talkingC. the nurse is talking toD. who the nurse is talking3. He talked about a hero _ no one had ever heard.A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who4. Have you read the book _ I lent to youA. thatB. whomC. when D. whose5. American wom

42、en usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently.A. whoB. asC. about which D. with whom6. Recently I bought a second-hand car _ was very low.A. which priceB. the price of whoseC. its priceD. whose price7. Lily, is Helen _you want to introduce me toA. that B. who C. whom D. t

43、he girl8. The professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and theexperienced teachers_they had seen.A. thatB. who C. whichD. what9. This is the only bus_goes to the village school.A. /B. thatC. whereD. it10. Is there a shop around _sells China DailyA. who B. where C. in which D. which11. S

44、he was the only one of the girls in our class_acceptedas candidate for the president of our Students Union.A. who was B. who were C. who has been D. who have been12. She is no longer the sweet little girl _she used to be.A. what B. whoC. whenD. that13. Is this singer_songs you like bestA. who s B. w

45、hoseC. which D the one whose14. He got angry with _was against his opinion.A. who B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who15. Anyone _with what I said may raise your hand.A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree16. That s the dog _.ve been looking after B. after which we ve been look

46、ingC. what we ve been looking afteD. we ve been taking care for17. This is the last time _I ll give you a lesson.A. when B. that C. what D. as18. The family _I stayed with in Paris are coming to London.A. whose B. which C. what D. whom19. This is the very knife _I used to cut apples yesterday.A. tha

47、t B. by which C. which D. with which20. China has many rivers,_the Yangtze River is the longest.A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which21. The use they are_the waste helps to save a lot of money.A. made of B. made from C. making up ofD. making of22. That tree, the branches_are almost bar

48、e, is a very oldone.A. whose B. in which C. of which D. of it23. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _shecould turn for help.A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom24. What is the way Smith thought of _enough money to buythe new houseA. getting B. having got C. being got D. to get25. Jack

49、 spent as much time as he could _over his lessons.A. going B. wentC. goD. to go26. The freezing point is the temperature _water changes intoice.27. I am impressed by the fact that he makes good use of everyminute _he can spare.A. that B. in which C. in thatD. when28. This is the last time_I will wri

50、te to you.A. when B. thatC. what D. as29. I don like the way _he spoke to me.A. what B. by which C. by that D. /30. The train_ he was traveling was delayed for more than an hour.A. by which B. on which C. for which D. on that（4）真题回顾1. We went through a period _communications were verydifficult in ru

51、ral areas. （2008 上海）A. whichB. whose C. in which D. with which2. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _they can be controlled on purpose. （2007 重庆）A. with whichB. to which C. of which D. for which3. Animals suffered at the hands of Man _ they weredestroyed by people to

52、 make way for agricultural had to provide food for more people. （2008 江西）A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that4. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _their parents speak at home. （2008 浙江）5. You can only be sure of _you have at present; you cannotbe sure of something _you might get in the future. （2007 安徽）A. that; whatB. what; / C. which; that D. /; that6. Women _dri