广东省湛江市2020届高三英语模拟测试试题一含解析

1、精品文档欢迎下载广东省湛江市2020届高三英语模拟测试试题（一）（含解析）注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。因测试不考听力， 试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如 需改动，用橡皮撩干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案用0. 5帧黑色笔 迹签字笔写在答题卡上。4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅

2、读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHG Wells Short Story Competition 2020The compet i tion is open to any one Your st ory can be set anywhere, fea ture any characters. and be wr i tten in any style. This years theme i s HVi s ion”. There are no entry fees for those aged 21 and under Over 21s must pay a

3、n entry fee of 10 or 5 for those with student ID.There are two pr izes:1.000 for wr i ters aged 21 and under500 for wr i ters aged over 21NursingInFocus Photo Contest 2020Th i s year were ce I ebra ting the Year of the Nurse The aim of the Nursing InFocus Photo Contest is to put the spotl ight on th

4、e work of nurses around the worId The compe tition i s open to anyone 18 years old or older The compe tition is free to enter.Pr i zes:OveraI I V/inner: $ 1,000Category V/inners: $ 200People* s Choice: $ 5002020 Posterheroes ContestPosterheroes Contest is an international poster competit ion on soci

5、al and env i ronmentaI themes. Th i s years theme i s HUMANS AT WORK. The compet i t i on i s free to enterThe winner wi I I receive a cash pr i ze of 2, 500Rijksstudio Des ign Award 2020The Ri jksmuseum in Amsterdam invites everyone to create thei r own masterpiece inspi red by the Ri jksmuseum* s

6、co I I ec tion. Alf art forms are possible, such as pho tos. videos, animations. products. fash ion, col I ages or poems The competit ion is free to enter.The winner of the Ri jksstudio Design Award wi I I recei ve 7, 500.1. What i s special about HG V/eI I s Short Story Compet it ion 2020?A. Its no

7、t open to everyoneB. It limits stories to one styleC It accepts stories of a I I themesD. Its not free for al I partici pants.2. How much can the winner of 2020 Posterheroes Contest get as a pr ize?A. $ 1,000.B. $ 2. 000.C. 2, 500.D. 7. 500.3. Which competit ion may accept a poem?A. 2020 Posterheroe

8、s Contest.B. R i jksstud i o Des i gn Award 2020.C. Nursing InFocus Photo Contest 2020.D. HG Wei Is Short Story Compet it ion 2020.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个比赛项目的参赛要求、收费以及奖项的金额等事项。1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一部分 HG Wells Short Story Compet i t i on 2020 中There are no entry fees for those aged 21 and

9、under Over 21s must pay an entry fee of10 Or 5 for those with student ID. n可知，此项比赛对21岁及21岁以下的参赛者不收费， 对21岁以上的参赛者收费。由此可知，HG Wells Short Story Compel i t i on 2020不是对所 有参与者免费的。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三部分2020 Posterheroes Contest最后uThe winner will receive a cash prize of2, 500.”可知，此项大赛获胜者将获得2500英镑的奖金。故选C。【

10、3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四部分Ri jksstudio Design Award 2020中UAI I art forms are possible, such as ph otos, videos, anima ti og produc ts. fashi on. col I ages or poems ” 可知，所有的艺术形式都是可以的，比如照片、视频、动画、产品、时尚、拼贴画或诗歌。 故选B。BConsidered to be not only an outstanding businesswoman but also a leader that a I I of us can

11、learn fro m. Shaz i Vi sram i s a daugh ter of immigra nts who tookI ife-changing r i sks in order to create a better v/or Id for thei r chi Idren. For as Iong as she can remember, she has wanted to be a par t of some thing bigger t han hersel f Ms. Vi sram has always sought to create abundanee and

12、pay it forward-the question was: how? Her journey took her to Co I umb i a Bus in ess Schoo I. where she had an Aha! Mome nt” while Ii stening with a sympathetic ear to a friends concern about the difficuIty of finding the time to make her own baby food and the I ack of heaI thy options in tradition

13、al baby food In that moment. Happy Fami ly was bornMs. Visram made it her mission to create a progressive business that could positively affect the heal th of our chiIdren wh i Ie giving back to those in need and a I so suppor ting sus ta i nab I e （可持续的）agr icul ture Under Ms. Vi sram* s guidance,

14、Happy Family has cont i nued to grow announci ng a partnership with Groupe Danone. a global company whose mission is to br ing health through food to people everywhere The par tnership will ra i se the bar for ch i Idren* s nutrition in the US. comb i n ing t he i r shared devotion to social respons

15、 ibiIity.Ms. Visrams accompIishments have earned her the respect and admi ration of her peers and col leagues Happy Fami ly was recognized as one of the fastest growing companies in the country by Inc. Magazine.In add it ion to her MBA from Co Iumb i a Bus i ness Schoo I. Ms. Visram ho I ds a BA in

16、h i story from Co Iumb i a Col Iege In add i tion, she works with the Net v/ork for Teach i ng Entrepreneurship as an ins true tor to young and amb itious en trepreneurs （企业家）from Iow-i ncome communities.4. What can be inferred about Shazi Visram?A. She traveled a lot when she was youngB. She has be

17、en ambitious since an ear Iy ageC. She was born into a weaI thy immigrant family.D. She took r isks to create a better Iife for her fami ly.5. What gave Shaz i Vi sram the inspi ration for Happy Fami ly?A. The concern of a fr iendB. Her journey to a big company.C. Her concern about poor chiIdrenD. T

18、he I ack of trad i tional baby food6. Whats Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The nutrition levels of chiIdren.B. Shazi Vi sram* s contr ibutions to society.C The importance of sustainable agr icuItureD. Happy Familys partnership with Groupe Danone.7.V/hati s the best title for the text?A.woma nv/hoi s re

19、cognized for running a bus inessB.v/oma nwhoholds two degrees and instruets othersC.woma nwhora i ses the bar for ch iIdren* s nutritionD.woma nwhocreates abundanee and pays it forward【答案】4.5. A 6. B 7. D5-【解析】精品文档欢迎下载【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了，Shazi Visram经过努力创建了 Happy Fami ly,事业有了很 大的发展，她还支持公益事业并为其他年轻企业家提

20、供帮助，她是一位能够创造财富井回报 社会的成功女性。【4题详解】推理判断题q 根据文章第一段For as long as she can remember, she has wanted to be a part of something bigger than herself.（从她记事起，她就想做超越自己能力范围外 的事情。）”，由此以及下文的讲述可以推断出，Shazi Visram从小就胸怀大志。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段Her journey took her to Co I umb i a Business School, where she had an Aha

21、! Mome nt while I i sten i ng w i th a sympa thet ic ear to a f r i end1 s concern about the difficuIty of finding the time to make her ov/n baby food, and the lack of heaI thy options i n trad i tional baby food In that moment, Happy FamiIy was born.” 可知，一位朋友担心自己很难抽岀时间做婴儿食品，而传统的婴儿食品又缺乏健康的选择。 在那一刻，H

22、appy Fami ly诞生了，可以可知，是朋友的担忧引发了她创建Happy Fami ly的 想法。故选A。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段 Ms. Visram made it her mission to create a progressive business tha t could positively affect the heaI th of our chiIdren wh iIe giving back to t hose in n eed and a I so suppor ting sus tain able（可持续的）agriculture Under Ms. Vis

23、ram* s guidance, Happy Fami Iy has continued to grow, announci ng a partnership with Groupe Danone a global company whose mi ssi on is to br ing heaI th through food to peopIe everywhere The partnership wiI I ra i se the bar for chiIdren* s nutrition in the US. combining their shared devotion to soc

24、ial responsibi I ity.可知，Vi sram 女士的使命 是创建一个进步的企业，在回馈有需要的人的同时，也支持可持续农业，从而对我们儿童的 健康产生积极影响。在Vi sram女士的指导下，Happy Fami Iy继续发展壮大，宣布与全球公司 Groupe Danone建立合作关系，该公司的使命是通过食物为世界各地的人们带来健康。这一合 作关系将提高美国儿童营养水平，使他们共同致力于社会责任。由此可见本段主旨为Shazi Visram对社会的贡献。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，Shazi Visram经过努力创建了 Happy Fami ly,事业有了很

25、大的发展，她还支持公益事业并为其他年轻企业家提供帮助。由此可见她是一位能够创造财 富并回报社会的成功女性。所以 D. A woman who creates abundance and pays it forward （ 位创造财富并回报社会的女性）作为文章标题最为恰当。故选Do【点睛】考查阅读理解选择最佳标题时，需要注意排除绝对化或片面的选项，要放眼全文。 小题4就是根据全文内容可知，Shazi Visram经过努力创建了 Happy Fami ly,事业有了很大 的发展，她还支持公益事业并为其他年轻企业家提供帮助。由此可见她是一位能够创造财富 并回报社会的成功女性。所以 D. A woma

26、n who creates abundance and pays it forward （ 位创造财富井回报社会的女性）作为文章标题最为恰当。故选D oCAn exhibition at the Harvard Museum of NaturaI History is around the theme of food plant disease, using early 20th-century glass mode Is of rotting fruit.Know n as Harvard * s MGI ass Flowers1*, the V/are Co 11 ect ion of B

27、I aschka GI ass Mode I s of Plants consi sts of over 4, 300 sculptures of plants and plant parts fashioned enti rely in glass by the German father-and-son artists Leopold and RudoIf Blaschka bet v/ee n 1887 and 1936 Harvard original ly used the mode I s as teaching to ols, showing plants three-d ime

28、ns i onal strueture and co I orThe HFru its i n Decay* shows a co I I ec tion of models of diseased, rott ing. and w i t her i ng （枯萎的）fru i t i n g pla nts. The rott i ng fru i t ser i es was i n tended spec if ical ly to educate the pub I ic about the danger of plant disease These mode Is were cre

29、ated by Rudolf, the younger Blaschka, in the early 20th century Harvard botani st Oakes Ames asked him to create these diseased fruit mode Is And he thought about these as a way to look at what we nov/ cal I food secur ity-or insecur ity.Though the mode I s were made near I y a hundred years ago. th

30、e theme i s as remarkab I e as ever Most of the i I Inesses shown on RudoIf Blaschka* s pI ant mode Is still affect today* s cropsIn cer tain ways, global agr icu It ure i s more I i ke ly to be harmed than it has ever been to disease threats（威胁）.largely due to the widespread practice of planting 7-

31、精品文档欢迎下载one crop over large production areas Less genetic diversity means that crops have less res i stance to disease, says Sheng Yang He, a professor at Michigan State Uni versity.Climate change will make plants more vulnerable to d i sease because warmingtemperatures disable an important plant de

32、fense system against plant disease Major crop loss from plan t disease i s a I ready at a shocking 20 tO 40 perce nt. Food secur i ty threats from d i sease will aImost certainly become more common so there* s a lot to be done about convinci ng people of it.8. V/hat are shown on the exh i b ition?A.

33、 Models of diverse crops.B. Mode Is of wither i ng fIowers.-9-D. Mode Is of diseased fruitingB. Sheng Yang He.D. Leopold BlaschkaC Mode Is of rotting plant parts. plants.9. By whom v/ere the exh i b i ts created?A. Oakes Ames.C. Rudolf Blaschka.10. V/hy i s the exh i b it ion me a nin gful?A. It con

34、vinces peopIe of the food secur ity threatsB. It reminds peopIe of effects of globaI warming.C It helps people understand the history of fruit planting.D. It provides peopIe with knowledge of global agr icuIture门. What does the under Iined word vulnerabIeM in the last paragraph mean?A V/eak and easi

35、 ly hur tB Resista nt and pro tected.C Defensive and hard to attackD Sensitive and comp Ietelydestroyed【答案】8. D 9C 10. A 11. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 “枯萎果树模型展”以及由这个展览引发的关于食品安全的 讨论。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段The Fruits in Decay shows a co 11 ect i on of mode I s of diseased, rotting, and withering（枯萎的）fruitin

36、g plants. n 可知，腐烂的水果”展示 的是一些病变、腐烂和枯萎的水果植物的模型。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段These mode I s were created by Rudo If, the younger Bl aschka, in the ear Iy 20th century Harvard botani st Oakes Ames asked him to create these diseased fruit models. 可知，这些模型是由鲁道夫布拉施卡在20世纪早期创造的。 故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四、五、六段，尤其是文章最后

37、一句的总结“Food security threats from disease will aImost certainly become more common so theres a lot to be done about convincing people of it.”可知，虽然这些模型都是二十世纪早期的作品，但是在 今天展岀，对于帮助人们认识食品安全这个问题仍有重要意义。故选A。11题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的because warming temperatures disable an important plant defense system against pla

38、nt disease”可知，因为变暖的温度使植物抵御疾病的 重要防御系统失效。可以猜测岀气候变化使植物抗病能力降低，更容易遭受病害。所以 vulnerable为“脆弱的，易受伤的”之意。故选A。【点睛】阅读理解通常都会岀现词义猜测题。设题时，常会考查生词或短语的词义判断题， 要求考生从上下文理解中概括岀生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测 词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前 后句猜测出词义。例如小题4要求猜测出vulnerable的含义，就是根据后句because warming temperatures disable an im

39、portant plant defense system against plant disease” 可 知，因为变暖的温度使植物抵御疾病的重要防御系统失效。可以猜测岀气候变化使植物抗病 能力降低，更容易遭受病害。所以vulnerable为“脆弱的，易受伤的”之意。DWhen Barz ilay had a routine breast X-ray i n her ear Iy 40s. the image showed a comp I ex group of white spo ts i n her breas t t issue. The marks could be norma I.

40、 or t hey 精品文档欢迎下载could be cancerous-eve n the bes t doc tors often st ruggle to t e I I the difference Over the nex t two years Barzi lay underwen t a sec ond X-ray. a MR I and a biopsy and she was final ly diagnosed （诊断）with breast cancer in 2014.Barz i lay was treated and made a good recovery But

41、 she remained terr ified that the uncertainties of reading an X-ray could delay treatment so she made a career-changing deci si on.A computer scientist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Barzi lay had never stud i ed heaI th before Her research used mach ine-1 earning techniques for naturaI l

42、anguage processing. But she had been looking for a new I ine of research and decided tot earn up w it h rad iolog is ts （放射科医生）t o develop mach ineT ear ningalgori thms （算 法）tha t use compu ter s super ior visual an a lysis to spo t patt erns in X-rays that the human eye might missOver the next four

43、 years the tearn taught a computer program to analyze X-rays from about 32, 000 women and told it which women had been diagnosed with cancer within five years of the scan They t hen tes ted the comp ut er1 s mat ching ab i I ities in 3. 800 more patients. Thei r resul ting algor i thm. pub I i shed

44、las t May in Radiology, v/as significantly more accurate at predicting cancer than practices genera I Iy used in c I i n i cs. V/he n Barz i lays team ran the program on her own X-ray from 2012 - one her doc tor had cleared-the algor ithm correctly predicted she was at a higher r i sk of developing

45、breast cancer within five years than 98 percent of patients.Al applications are enter ing clinics at a rapid rate, and physicians have met the techno logy with equaI parts excitement about its potential to reduce their workload and fear abou t losi ng t hei r jobs to mach ines. Algor i thms a I so r

46、a i se ques tions about how to regulate a machine that is constarrtly learning and changing and who i s to blame if an algorithm gets a diagnosis wrong. StiII. many physicians are excited about the promise of Al programs12. V/hat advantage do Barzilay1s algor ithms take of computers to predict cance

47、r?A. Super ior visual analysisB. Timely risk warning settingsC NaturalTanguage processing techniques.D. Large storage of radiological knowledge.13.V/hat does the under Ii ned word it in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Cancer.C. The team.B. Research.D. The program.14. How do physicians react to Al appIicatio

48、ns in cl inics?A. They doubt the accuracy of the appIicationsB. They have mixed feelings about the appI icationsC They promise to make the best of the appIicationsD. They expect to rapidly popularize the appIications.15. It can be inferred from the text thatA. Barzi lay suffered from breast cancer f

49、or two years in her fortiesB. at f i rst Barz i lay didnt th i nk X-ray was a re I iable way of check ing cancerC with Barzi lay* s algorithms her cancer could have been d iagnosed ear I ierD. Barzi lay failed to turn to the best doctors to have her breast checked【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C【解析】本文是一篇

50、说明文，介绍了 Barzi lay是如何使用人工智能帮助识别X光照片中癌变组织的。 但是还是有一些问题需要解决，不过许多医生还是对人工智能项目的前景感到乐观。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中uto deve I op mach i ne- learning al gor i thms （算法）thatuse computers* super ior visual analysis to spot patterns in X-rays that the human eye might miss可知机器学习算法利用了计算机出色的视觉分析来发现人眼可能会错过的x 光片中的图像。故选A项。【

51、13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子Over the next four years the team taught a computer program to ana Iyze X-rays from about 32. 000 women and told it which women had been diagnosed with cancer within five years of the scan” 可知在接下来的四年里，这个团 队教一个电脑程序识别来自32, 000位女士的X光照片，并告诉it哪些女士在拍照五年内诊 11-精品文档欢迎下载断出癌症。由此可见uitn扌旨的

52、就是前文中的a computer program”。D项（the program） 切题。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的 UAI appl i cat ions are entering cl inics at a rapid rate, and physicians have met the techno Iogy with equaI parts excitement about its potential to reduce their workload and fear about I osing thei r jobs to machines” 可知人工智能

53、应用正以快速的速度进入诊所，医生们面对这项技术时，一方面对其减轻（他 们）工作呈的潜力感到兴奋，另一方面又担心自己会被机器抢走工作。由此可见，临床医生 们对这项技术的应用既感到兴奋，又感到害怕和担忧，他们的感情很复杂。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段 “When Barzi lay had t a second X-ray, a MR I and a biopsy and she was finally diagnosed with breas t cancer in 2014. n 可知 Barzi lay 在 40 岁出头的 时候做了一次常规的乳房X光检查，图像显示她的乳房组

54、织中有一组白点。这些白点可能是 正常的，也可能是癌变组织一即使是最好的医生也很难分辨出它们的区别。在接下来的两 年内.她进行了第二次X光检查，MRI和活检.最终在2014年确诊了乳腺癌。根据文章第四 段中 When Barzi lay* s tearn ran the program on her at a higher r i sk of developing breast cancer withi n five years than 98 percen t of patients. n 可知当 Barzi lay 的团队从 2012 年开始用她自己的X光进行这个项目时她的医生发现一算法正确

55、地预测她在五年内比 98%的病人患乳腺癌的风险更高。可以推断出，如果当时能够使用人工智能识别技术，Barzi lay 的病就可以更早确诊。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The beginning of November means winter i s we I I on its way. _16_ Its great to stay indoors surrounded by peopIe that make you happiest Ive always felt homes that

56、have the warmest atmosphere are those that feel the most I ived in. Here are my perso nal tips on how to feed that coz in ess （温蓉）into your home t his winter.It makes sense to f i I I your home with textured （有纹理的）decorations which feel warm and easy. You can throw a textured bI anket on your couch

57、or bed Im a I so a huge fan of carpets on top of the wooden floors Of course, carpets v/i I I help to physically warm your space by offering a cozy spot for your feet _17_Ifs also a good idea to display your creations and col lections in your home My wal I was feel ing bare one day. so I filled the

58、space with a simple v/al I hang ing. _ 18 _ Simple, yes. and i t makes me fee I warm every time I see it. Do any of you have a Iove for v/indowsi I Is （窗台）I ike I do? Make use of your windowsi I I by displaying decorations I ike feathers, candleholders. rocks anythi ng you* ve collected over the years_19 The