Unit-3-Back-to-the-past主谓一致知识梳理(共4页)

1、Unit 3 Back to the past主谓一致 SubjectVerb Agreement概念引入：I am a teacher She often does her homework in the morning. There is only one box on the table.There are 50 students in our class.语法讲解：什么是主谓一致？ 1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。一般来说，不可数名词与可数名词单

2、数用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。 在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定，则要看句子的意思。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。 比如:He are a teacher. I is a student.分类讲解一、语法一致原则1、单数主语，不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数A student is studying English. Serving the people is my great happiness. When we deliver the goods

3、 hasnt been decided. When and where we will go hasnt been decided.但当what引导的句子做主语，若后面是 “be +名词”的结构时，谓语随名词变化。 What you did is right. What you need are these dictionaries.2、 复数名词、代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式 All the students _clever. （are） They _English very much. (like)3、 用and或bothand 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语

4、从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。 Both my father and my mother _farmers. （are） What I think and what I do _been fairly in disagreement. （have）注意:(1)当and连接的并列单数名词前有each，every, no或者many a 等限定词时，谓语动词通常用单数。 Each student and each teacher _been given a task. （has） Every flower and every bush _to be cut down. （is）(2)当主语由and

5、连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。 The worker and writer _(be) from Wuhan. （is） The worker and the writer _(be) from Beijing. （are）4、不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语，谓语动词用单数形式; Something _ (has / have) gone wrong w

6、ith my watch. （has） Anybody who _ ( break / breaks) the rule will be punished. （breaks）5、each of/either of./one of谓语动词用单数.none of/neither of可单可复，根据说话人的意思决定；*但代表不可数名词时，用单数 1) Each of the students _a book.（has） 2) None of us _perfect. （are，is） 3) Neither of them _the answer.（know/knows） 4) None of thi

7、s _me. （worries） None of this money _mine. （is） *neither作形容词时与单数名词连用，谓语动词用单数。Neither statement _true. （was）6、“many a +单数名词 more than one+单数名词 one and a half +复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数1.) many a foreigner_ been to the Great Wall. （has）2.) More than one student_ turned up at the meeting. （was）3.) One and a hal

8、f bananas _eaten by the boy. （was）7、Some /a lot of /half of./the rest of./part of/plenty of/分数（%）+ofthe majority of + 名词”等作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词或代词的单复数形式。 Two-thirds of the students _from countryside. （come） Ninety percent of the work _ been done. （has）8、定语从句中的主谓一致。(1) 与先行词一致。定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, w

9、hich 时，从句谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。I, who _your teacher, will share happiness and sorrow with you.(am)(2) which/as代替一句话内容,谓语动词用单数 As _known, I am beautiful. （is）(3) one of +复数名词 + 定语从句,从句中的谓语用复数形式; the only/exact one of+复数名词 + 定语从句,从句中的谓语用单数形式。 Tom is one of the students who_ good at playing football. （are） Tom

10、 is the only one of the students who_ good at playing football. （is）2、 意义一致原则：9、集体名词family, audience, crew, club, class, company, committee, party, crowd group, army, government, the public等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；如果指集体中的各个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。 The group _ made up of nine students. （is） The group_ dancing h

11、appily. （are） 注意1：集合名词cattle, clothes, people, the police表示复数意义谓语动词永远复数.people 民族（可数名词，peoples) The Chinese people _a brave people （is） Chinese people_ making our country richer and richer. （are） 2. Population The population of China _over 1.3 billion and 80% of the population_ farmers （is, are）10、表

12、示时间、距离、金钱，度量衡等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词则用单数形式Two years _ passed since I left Ningbo（has）One million dollars _ a great sum of money. （is）11、有些名词如：fish, deer, sheep, means, works, species, 等用作单数或复数均可，谓语动词随其含义而定。1 This glass works _built in 1978. （is）2 Two steel works_ east of the city. （are） 3 Every mean

13、s_ been tried. （has）4 Many species _ died out. （have） 12、学科名词，或 以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时，如physics, mathematics, mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics. statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics等, 谓语动词通常用作单数。 Physics _a fundamental subject in science. （is）13、成双成对出现的复数名词如glasses, shoes, trousers, pants, g

14、loves, socks, slippers, scissors等作主语时，谓语通常用复数，*但如果前有a/the pair of, a/the suit of等词语修饰时，谓语动词与pair, suit等一致，用单数 1)My trousers _very nice. （are） 2)A pair of shoes_under the bed. （is）14、主语是疑问代词who, what, which,不定代词all, more, most, any, none等以及名词half, part, the rest等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视它们所代指的名词而定。 1.)Wh

15、ich _more valuable, health or wealth? （is） 2.)Which_ prettier, these or those? （are） 3.)we had some paper, but the rest _put back. （was）15、theadj.作主语,theadj.,表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如the old, the young, the rich, the poor等,the+ adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，如the beautiful, the good等The old _ taken good care of i

16、n our society. （are）The rich _ for the decision but the poor _against it. （was）The wounded _ a young boy. （was）The beautiful _not always the same as the good. （is）16、a/this/that + kind of +名词（单数或复数）作主语时，谓语动词用单数；如果主语是kinds（types) of+名词或复数名词of+ a ( this, that）kind时，谓语动词用复数形式。即 kind(s) of +n.,谓语与kind一致

17、 n+ of this kind 谓语与名词一致 The kind of apples _ well.(sell) (sells) Men of this kind _ dangerous . （are）注意:由kind, form, type, species, series 等修饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数，而不是他们后面所跟的名词1. This new type of machine_ now on show. （is）2. Some new forms of art _discussed at the meeting. （were）17、主语是a large/small q

18、uantity of +名词（可数或不可数）谓语动词用单数；如果是“large (great) quantifies of +名词（可数或不可数）”时，谓语动词要用复数。也就是说谓语动词随quantity单复数而定 There _a large quantity of milk/apples on the farm （is） Large quantities of water /coal/bricks _needed here （are）18、a number of （a group of , a variety of)+名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；The number of(the

19、variety of.) +名词复数谓语动词用单数形式。 A number of workers _out of work. （are） The number of the students in our school _eight thousand. （is）19、两数相减或相除,谓语动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。 Sixty minus seventeen _forty-three. (leaves) Six and eight _fourteen. (makes/make)20、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。

20、 “The Arabian Nights”_ an interesting story-book. （is） The United states _on the south of Canada. （is）21、名词性物主代词作主语，谓语动词根据指代对象而定 Your shoes are white; Mine _ black. (are) His coat _yellow; Hers_ red. （is）（is）三. 就近一致原则谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。22、由or, nor, either.or, neither.nor, not only.but also连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。