管理学原理managem课件

1、管理学原理managem课件Chapter 1What is organisational behaviour?管理学原理managem课件Chapter Learning ObjectivesAfter studying this chapter you should be able to: Demonstrate the importance of interpersonal skills in the workplace. Describe the managers functions, roles, and skills. Define organisational behaviour

2、 (OB). Show the value to OB of systematic study. Identify the major behavioural science disciplines that contribute to OB. Demonstrate why few absolutes apply to OB. Identify the challenges and opportunities managers have in applying OB concepts. Compare the three levels of analysis in this books OB

3、 model.管理学原理managem课件The Importance of Interpersonal Skills Understanding OB helps determine manager effectivenessTechnical and quantitative skills are important But leadership and communication skills are CRITICAL organisational benefits of skilled managersLower turnover of quality employeesHigher

4、quality applications for recruitmentBetter financial performance管理学原理managem课件What Managers DoThey get things done through other people. Management Activities:Make decisionsAllocate resourcesDirect activities of others to attain goals Work in an organisationA consciously coordinated social unit comp

5、osed of two or more people that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.管理学原理managem课件Management Functions管理学原理managem课件 Discovered ten managerial roles Separated into three groups:InterpersonalInformationalDecisionalMintzbergs Managerial Roles管理学原理managem

6、课件Mintzbergs Managerial Roles: InterpersonalSource: Adapted from The Nature of Managerial Work by H. Mintzberg. Copyright 1973 by H. Mintzberg. Reprinted by permission of Pearson Education.管理学原理managem课件Mintzbergs Managerial Roles: InformationalSource: Adapted from The Nature of Managerial Work by H

7、. Mintzberg. Copyright 1973 by H. Mintzberg. Reprinted by permission of Pearson Education.管理学原理managem课件Mintzbergs Managerial Roles: DecisionalSource: Adapted from The Nature of Managerial Work by H. Mintzberg. Copyright 1973 by H. Mintzberg. Reprinted by permission of Pearson Education.管理学原理managem

8、课件Essential Management Skills Technical SkillsThe ability to apply specialised knowledge or expertise Human SkillsThe ability to work with, understand, and motivate other people, both individually and in groups Conceptual SkillsThe mental ability to analyse and diagnose complex situations管理学原理manage

9、m课件11Luthans Study of Managerial Activities Four types of managerial activity:Traditional Management Decision making, planning, and controllingCommunication Exchanging routine information and processing paperworkHuman Resource Management Motivating, disciplining, managing conflict, staffing and trai

10、ningNetworking socialising, politicking, and interacting with others管理学原理managem课件Successful vs. Effective Allocation by Time管理学原理managem课件Organisational behaviourA field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behaviour within organisations, for the pur

11、pose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organisations effectiveness.管理学原理managem课件Intuition and Systematic StudyThe two are complementary means of predicting behaviour.管理学原理managem课件An Outgrowth of Systematic Study管理学原理managem课件Challenges for ManagersThe trick is to know when to go with

12、your gut. Jack Welsh Intuition is often based on inaccurate information Fads and fashions are common in management Systematic study can be time consumingUse evidence as much as possible to inform your intuition and experience. That is the promise of OB.管理学原理managem课件Contributing Disciplines Many beh

13、avioural sciences have contributed to the development ofOrganisationalBehaviour管理学原理managem课件PsychologyThe science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behaviour of humans and other animals.Unit of Analysis: IndividualContributions to OB: Learning, motivation, personality, emotio

14、ns, perception Training, leadership effectiveness, job satisfaction Individual decision making, performance appraisal attitude measurement Employee selection, work design, and work stress管理学原理managem课件Social PsychologyAn area within psychology that blends concepts from psychology and sociology and t

15、hat focuses on the influence of people on one another.Unit of Analysis: GroupContributions to OB: behavioural change Attitude change Communication Group processes Group decision making管理学原理managem课件Sociology Contributions to OB: Group dynamics Work teams Communication Power Conflict Intergroup behav

16、iour Formal organisation theory organisational technology organisational change organisational cultureThe study of people in relation to their fellow human beings. The unit of analysis is the organisational system or group管理学原理managem课件Anthropology Contributions to OB: organisational culture organis

17、ational environment Comparative values Comparative attitudes Cross-cultural analysisThe study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities. The unit of analysis is the organisational system and group. 管理学原理managem课件Challenges and Opportunities for OBResponding to Economic PressuresR

18、esponding to GlobalisationManaging Workforce DiversityImproving Quality and ProductivityImproving Customer ServiceImproving People SkillsStimulating Innovation and ChangeCoping with “Temporariness”Working in Networked organisationsHelping Employees Balance Work-Life ConflictsCreating a Positive Work

19、 EnvironmentImproving Ethical behaviour管理学原理managem课件Responding to Economic Pressures What do you do during difficult economic times? Effective management is critical during hard economic times. Managers need to handle difficult activities such as firing employees, motivating employees to do more wi

20、th less and working through the stress employees feel when they are worrying about their future. OB focuses on issues such as stress, decision making, and coping during difficult times.管理学原理managem课件Responding to Globalisation Increased foreign assignments Working with people from different cultures

21、 Overseeing movement of jobs to countries with low-cost labor管理学原理managem课件Managing Workforce Diversity People in organisations are becoming more heterogeneous demographicallyEmbracing diversityChanging Australian demographicsChanging management philosophy Recognising and responding to differences管理

22、学原理managem课件Developing an OB Model A model is an abstraction of reality a simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon. Our OB model has three levels of analysis Each level is constructed on the prior levelExhibit 1.4管理学原理managem课件Types of Study VariablesIndependent (X)Independent (X) The

23、 presumed cause of the change in the dependent variable (Y). This is the variable that OB researchers manipulate to observe the changes in Y.Dependent (Y) This is the response to X (the independent variable). It is what the OB researchers want to predict or explain. The interesting variable!管理学原理man

24、agem课件Key OB Dependent Variables Productivity Transforming inputs to outputs at lowest cost. Includes the concepts of effectivenesseffectiveness (achievement of goals) and efficiencyefficiency (meeting goals at a low cost). Absenteeism Failure to report to work a huge cost to employers. Turnover Vol

25、untary and involuntary permanent withdrawal from an organisation. Deviant Workplace behaviour Voluntary behaviour that violates significant organisational norms and thereby threatens the well-being of the organisation and/or any of its members.管理学原理managem课件Key OB Dependent Variables (cont) organisational Citizenship behaviour (OCB)Discretionary behaviour that is not part of an employees formal job requirements, but that nevertheless promotes the