可数名词和不可数名词的讲解和练习

1、博科第五次培姓名： 时间： 家长签名： 可数名词和不可数名词 英语中的名词指的是一种抽象的或者具体的事物，它有可数和不可数之分。所谓可数名词指的 就是在数量上可以计数，可以数出数量的事物；所谓不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算，不可以分 成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西。可数名词在他之前可以加上冠词a/an。而不可数名词前面是不可以直接家冠词的。可数名词变为复数形式有如下变化规律：a. 般情况下，直接加 -s,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;读音：清辅音后读 s, 浊辅音和元音后读 z 。b. 以 s. x. sh. ch

2、结尾，力口 -es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ; 读音：iz 。c. 以 辅音字母 +y结尾，变 y 为 i, 再力口-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;读 音： z。d. 以或 fe结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加-es,如：knife-knives , thief-thieves ;读音：z。e. 以“(结尾的词，分两种情况1) 有生命的 +es读音：z如： mango-mangoestomato-tomatoeshero-heroes2) 无生命

3、的 +s读音：z如： photo-photosradio-radiosf. 不规那么名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people 。除此之外,还有一局部名词单复数同形,如：fish 鱼，deer 鹿，sheep 绵羊，works (工厂)， means 手段，Swiss 瑞士人，Chinese 中 国人， n

4、ews 新闻, goods 商品有一些名词那么只有复数形式：trousers 裤子，pants裤子，shorts 短裤 glasses 眼镜，compasses圆规，scales天平，pliers 钳子, clips 剪子“某国人 的复数有三种类型：( 1) Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 三国人单数复数同形,不需加s;( 2) Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman 复数要把 man 变为 men;(3)其他各国人以 an，-ian收尾的均直接加 s。如：America ns, Australia ns, I ndia ns等。可依照这个口诀记忆：中

5、日不变，英法变，其他 s加后面。不可数名词一般没有复数形式, 只有单数形式, 它的前面不能用不定冠词 a / an ,假设要表示它的 个体意义时,一般需要将其量化。a piece of bread paper纸,cloth布,coal煤,news新闻,advice意见,information信息, meat肉an item of in formati on 那么情报a length of cloth 一段布料a tube of tooth-paste 一条牙膏a slip of paper 一张纸条a cake of soap 一块肥皂a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水 等。当量词可数，

6、且前面的数词大于一时，量词需要用复数形式,女口 two bottles of water 两瓶水 two pieces of paper 两张纸 等;同时，可数名词也有相应用法，如：a box of apples 一箱苹果six boxes of apples 六箱苹果 等。最常见的不可数名词有：advice, baggage, change零钱,furniture 家具，hair, homework,in formati on, kno wledge, luggage 行李，mon ey, n ews, progress, traffic其它不可数名词还有：abse nee, age, an

7、 ger, courage, en ergy, equipme nt, experie nee, failure, fear,food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, sile nee, sleep, stre ngth, snow, tech no logy, time, trade, tran sport

8、, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, world 等。上面提到的可数名词和不可数名词并不是一成不变的。英文中的很多词都是一词多义，名词也 不例外，同是一个词在一种情况下是可数名词，而在另一种场合却是不可数名词，女口：可数名词：a tin 只罐头 a relation亲属 an iron 把熨斗 a democracy民主国家 a glass 一只玻璃杯 a beauty美人，美的东西 A wood 一片树林 a power不可数名词：tin锡relation关系Iron铁democracy民主 glass玻璃

9、beauty美 Wood木头 power威力，电力。我们讨论名词的落脚点在，当名词充当主语时，谓语动词在人称、数等方面必须与其保持一致 即主谓一致性的问题。可数名词不可数名词练习题一、写出以下名词的复数形式1、orang 2、class3、text4、monkey5、piano6、child7、shelf 8、bed9、country10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanes 14、radio15、photo16、army 17、tomato18、fox 19、woman20、knife 22、sheep二、选择填空1. There are fourand twoi

10、n the group.A. Japa nese, Germe nB Japa neses, Germe nC. Japa nese,Germa n, Germa ns2. The boys have gotalready.A. two breadB. two breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread3. The old man want.A. six boxes of applesB. six boxes of appleC. six box of applesD. six boxs of apples4. Theresomein

11、the river.A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish meeti ng room is n ear the read ing room.A. teacher s 6. I n Brita inare all pain ted red.A. letter boxes boxes C. letter box box arebirds in that big tree.A. hun dreds ofB. five hun dreds ofC. five hun dred of D. hun dred of8. I want to

12、buy.A. two bottles of inkB. two bottle of inkC. two bottle of inksD.two bottles of inksdon have to dotoday.A. much homeworkB. many homeworksC. many homeworkD. much homeworks10. There are threeand seve nin the picture.C. cow, sheepC. is, isB. two pieces of breadsD. two piece of breadA. cows, sheepsB.

13、 cows, sheepD. cow, sheeps11. Sheepwhite and milkalso white.A. is, areB. are, isD. are, are12. I d like to have a glass of milk and.A. two breads13. He boughtA. two pairs of shoesC. two pairs of shoeC. two pieces of breadB. two pair of shoes D. two pair of shoeFew, a few, little, a little 专项练习()1. T

14、his is a very old song, soyoung people know it.a. few b. little c. a few d. a little()2 . There aren t many oranges here, but tyke if you want to.a. few b. a few c. a little d. little()3. Shan ghai Waihua n Tunnel is already ope n to traffic, so it will take ustime to go to Pudong International Airp

15、ort.a. a few b. fewer c. a little d. less()isink in my pen. Would you give me?a. little/ a little b. a little/ little c. few/ a few d. a few/ few() Smith is quite busy today. He hasmeeti ngs to atte nd.a. little b. a little c. few d. a few()6. I m sorry. The room issmall to hold so many people. Woul

16、d you please waitoutside?a. so b. such c. very d. too ( ) 7. Danny is that he wants to go to the fitness camp this summer holiday.a. such fat b. so a fat boy c. such a fat boy d. so fat boy ( ) 8. How can you make a trip with so money?a. few b. a few c. little . a little( ) 9. There is milk in the f

17、ridge, so we ll go to the supermarket and buy some.a. little b. a little c. few d. a few( ) house has many rooms that it was hard to find a way out.a. such b. so c. very d. too ( ) you dont work , you ll fail in the exam.a. enough hard b. hardly enough c. hard enough d. enough hardly ( ) m make a ph

18、one call to my friends. I have a lot of work to do.a. too busy to b. so busy that c, so busy to d. too busy that ( ) 13. There are only students in the classroom. Where are the others.a. a few b. few c. a little d. little ( ) 14. These days _ young people like listening to the music with their mp4A, a few b a little c. quite a few d. quite a little ( ) people can learn information from the Interneta. a few b. a lot c. much d. many ( ) 16. Paul has made a lot of kites, but can fly in the