中考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧(共5页)

1、中考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧魏德明教学目的：提高学生的阅读技能重点：怎样获取有用信息难点：如何正确的做出推理判断？教学过程：一、 中考中阅读的考点及所占的比重第一节 共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分。测试考生阅读理解书面英语并获取信息的能力。要求考生阅读4篇短文，并根据阅读材料从每题所提供的选项中选出最佳选项或选择句子补全短文。 第二节 共10小题；A)部分每小题2分，B)部分每小题1分，满分15分。要求考生根据所提供的短文和情景，选择最佳选项补全语篇。二、 阅读题的阅读方式和解题步骤阅读方式：快速阅读（略读），仔细阅读（精读）解题步骤：读题-读文章-解题三、阅读题题型（一）细节理解题解题

2、技巧：通读短文，领会文章大意，理解文章结构层次及细节，特别注意：1. 五个W （who， which， when， where, what ）和一个H （ how ） ；2. 数字、日期、时间等；3. 注意加强语气的词。然后运用排除法排除不符合原文细节的选项，剩下的就是要选择的最佳答案。You may know the song Happy Birthday very well. But do you know about its writer? It was written by an American girl. And she became very rich after that.（2

3、013夹江二调）51. The song Happy Birthday was written by .A. an American girl B. an American girls grandma C. an American girls friendOne day, there was a blind man called John sitting on the bench（长凳）with a hat by his feet and a sign that read, I am blind. Please help me.” （乐山13二调）51. Whats the blind man

4、s name?A. Tom. B. John. C. Tony. （二）词句理解题解题技巧：1. 正确理解题意，从短文中找到相关的词、短语或句子，根据特定的语境来判断理解，推敲斟酌和最后确定其准确含义。2. 根据上下文猜测词义的技巧：（1）注意定义和解释；（2）同义词或近义词的提示；（3）近义词和反义词的提示；（4）利用悬念的属种关系；（5）借助已有知识或生活常识。 Under the new rules, local governments must make sure that students attend nearby schools or boarding （寄宿的）schools

5、to reduce traffic risks（风险）. Also, local governments must help kids in the countryside reach their school buses. (2012乐山中考)51. What does the underlined word“attend”mean?A. join in B. drop out C. go to She paid with a hundred-dollar bill. But the waitress returned with the change the lady was gone. O

6、n the table she saw a small note. There were tears in her eyes when she read it: “Somebody once helped me the way Im helping you. If you want to pay me back, continue being kind to others.” Under the note were nine more $100 bills. （2013乐山二调）59. The underlined word “it” (paragraph 5) refers to “ ”.A

7、. the change B. the bill C. the note D. the order（三）推理判断题 解题技巧：1. 分析文章的主旨。2. 分清文章的主要思想及次要思想。3. 寻找文章的逻辑思路。4. 核对问题中各项选择与文章中有关词句的联系。A man was selling a new kind of vacuum cleaner（真空吸尘器）. He went from street to street. After some time, he knocked on the door of a house on the street.A lady opened the do

8、or. “Good morning, Madam,” said the young man. “If I could take a few minutes of your time, I would like to introduce the very latest vacuum cleaners.”“Go away!” cried out the woman.In a moment, the young man rushed into her living room and opened a big black bag. Then he poured a pile of cow droppi

9、ngs（一堆牛粪） onto the floor.“Madam, if I cannot clean this up with this new vacuum cleaner, I will eat them all!” cried the confident young man.“Do you need ketchup（番茄酱）with that ? asked the lady.The young man was confused (困惑的). “Why, madam ?he asked。“Theres no electricity in the house, said the lady.

10、51. The young man was probably a (an) .A. salesmanB. cleaner C. troublemaker（四）归纳概括题解题技巧：通读全文，了解大意，灵活运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等方法，准确理解文章的话题和中心思想。有时还要求对作者叙述的意图和观点作进一步剖析，甚至推测作者的语气和态度等。一般说来，文章的段落常有概括中心思想的主题句，且多位于段首或段末，有时也会夹在中间。对无主题句的篇章，考生应对文章进行分析和归纳，然后概括中心思想。In our life, we may meet person with different personali

11、ties. What is your personality type? Read about the following and find out! A Dreamer thinks there is a right way to do things. This person wants to live in the perfect world. Many are good listeners and like to help others. Many Dreamers work as teachers, and often lead others. Famous Dreamers: Moh

12、andas Gandhi, Angelina Jolie.A Partner wants to be in a group. For this person, rules are important. They consider tradition to be of great value. Partners are often serious, careful people. Many do well as teachers, managers and police officers. Famous Partners: Queen Elizabeth，Mother Teresa.For Th

13、inkers, understanding things is very important. They like to deal with problems and make new things. Thinkers can also be active. They like to win. They have very strong opinions. Many Thinkers work as scientists, inventors and engineers. Famous Thinkers: Bill Gates, Stephen Hawking.Artists want to

14、be free. They dont want to follow the rules all the time. They also like trying new things. Like Thinkers, many Artists have strong opinions. They are creative and do well as musicians and actors. Famous Artists: Cristiano Ronald, Madonna.60. Which could be the best title for the passage?A. Famous P

15、eople B. Personality Types C. Perfect World 四、巩固练习AWe were going to play against a team from a country school.They didnt come until the last minute. They looked worse than we had thought. They were wearing dirty blue trousers and looked like farm boys.We sat down for a rest. We felt that we didnt ne

16、ed any practice against a team like that. The game began. One of us got the ball and he shot a long pass to our forward (前锋). From out of nowhere a boy in an old T-shirt stopped the ball and with beautiful style he shot and got two points. Then another two points in a minute. Soon the game was all o

17、ver. We were beaten by the country team.After that, we thought a lot. We certainly learned that even though a team is very good, there is usually another team better than yours. You cant be always the best. And the important lesson we learned was: One cant judge(判断) a person only by his clothes. 1.

18、The country team arrived so late . A. nobody saw them B. the writers team were angry C. they had no time to warm up D. they won the game2. The team from the country were in old clothes, so the writers team _.A. looked down upon them B. could winC. didnt like the city boy D. were afraid of them3. The

19、 team from the county won because _.A. they were in old clothes B. they didnt practice before the gameC. they practiced before the game D. the team was better than the writers4. From the text, we can guess the writers team is _.A. a basketball team from the country school B. a football team from a s

20、chool in the cityC. a basketball team from a school in the city D. a football team from the country school5. The writers team learned a lot from the game. They got to know how to _.A. learn from others B. fight against the county boysC. play against a weak team D. judge a man or a team by clothes.五、

21、HomeworkBOld George bought the black gloves for just $35 ten year ago. They were made from lamb skin, soft and warm and very strong. Until then, he had worn cheaper man-made material. Those gloves never lasted longer than three years. He first decided to buy the expensive gloves, because they would

22、make him feel nice in front of others.George never let a drop of water or rain touch his expensive gloves, so they looked new. Losing this favourite thing was almost like losing child to him.Bad luck! George lost his expensive gloves on New Years Day.Back home, George was at a loss. In deep winter,

23、he could not do without a pair of gloves. If he bought cheap ones again, he would have to replace them very soon. If he bought a new leather pair, it would cost $50 now. He was upset that people on longer returned things they found on the road.After the holiday, poor George decided to buy another Le

24、ather pair. Before boarding the subway, he went into Value Mart again to see if his gloves had been returned to the Lost and Found Office(失物招领处)。“What colour are they ?” the woman in the office asked again.“Black,” he gave the same answer. She looked into her drawer and drew out a pair of mens leath

25、er gloves, “Are they ?”“Yes! Those are mine!” George explained, with great joy in his eyes.6. When did George buy the leather gloves ?A. On New Years Day. B. Before the holiday.C. Ten years ago. D. In the winter.7. Why did George decide to buy the expensive gloves?A. Because they were black. B. Beca

26、use they make him feel good before othersC. Because they had a long history. D. Because they were much cheaper.8. The leather gloves looked new after years because .A. George took very good care of them. B. They were soft and warmC. they were expensive D. George washed them with water9. How did Geor

27、ge feel when he got home on New Years Day?A. He was happy. B. He felt nice. C. He was thankful. D. He felt upset.10. About old George, which of the following is true?A. He was very rich man. B. He never bought cheap gloves.C. He believed somebody would returned the gloves to him.D. He hadnt expected

28、 to get his gloves back.CWhats the most important thing for you in your life? Somebody mentions hard-work, others suggest knowledge, love and luck.If you arrange（排列）the 26 English letters in order and use numbers to represent each of them, for example, 1 for a, 2 for b, 3 for c26 for z, you can chan

29、ge an English word into a number. So hard-work becomes 8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11=98, meaning 98 is its mark. Knowledge: 11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5=96, love:12+15+22+5=54, and luck: 12+21+3+11=47, a small mark. None of these words can give one a full mark. What about money? It cant, either.Then what else? Don

30、t be worried. You can always find an answer to a problem in your life, when you change your way of looking at things or doing things, or your attitude.Yes, attitude is the word. See for yourself:attitude:1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5=100，a full mark.Different attitudes lead to different courses of life. Most time people hope for a better life. It is possible that they will have a better life if they change t