(完整word版)主谓一致导学案

1、主谓一致Subject Verb Agreement（一）四大原则1、语法一致原则：即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。（即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 ）2、意义一致原则：即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。（即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。）3、就近原则：即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。4、随前原则（就远原则）：“主语 + 附属结构”作主语，谓语与主语一致（二）分类讲解一、语法一致原则1、单数主语，不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用

2、单数1.) A student is studying English.2.) Serving the people is my great happiness.3.) When we deliver the goods hasnt beendecided.4.) When and where we will go hasnt been decided.但当 what 引导的句子做主语，若后面是 “be +名词 ”的结构时，谓语随名词变化。 1.)What you did is right.2.)What you need are these dictionaries.2、复数名词、代词作主语

3、，谓语动词一般用复数形式 All the students _(is/ are) clever. They _(like/ likes) English very much.3、用 and 或 both and 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。 Both my father and my mother _ (is/ are) farmers. What I think and what I do _ (has/ have) beenfairly in disagreement.注意 :(1.) 当 and 连接的并列单数名词前有 each，

4、every, no 或者 many a 等限定词时，谓语动词通常用单数。No student and no teacher _ (has/ have) been given a task.Every flower and every bush _ (is/ are) to be cut down.(2.)当主语由and 连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and 后面的名词无冠词。A thief and murderer was sentenced to death.The worker and writer _ (is/ are) from Wuhan.The worker

5、 and the writer _ (is/ are) from Beijing.4、不定代词 somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing 等作主语，谓语动词用单数形式 ;Something _ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch.Anybody who _ (break / breaks) the rule will be punished.15、 each of /either of

6、./one of 谓语动词用单数 .none of /neither of 可单可复， 根据说话人的意思决定； * 但代表不可数名词时，用单数1.) Each of the students _ (has / have) a book.2) None of us _ (is/ are) perfect.3) Neither of them _ （ know/knows ） the answer.4) None of this _（ worry/ worries ）me.None of this money _ (is/ are)mine.*neither 作形容词时与单数名词连用，谓语动词用单

7、数。Neither statement _ (is/are) true.6、 “ many a +单数名词more than one+单数名词1.) Many a foreigner_ (has / have) been to the Great Wall.4.) Many a man_ (believes/ believe) the story.5.) More than one man _ (has/ have) died in the accident.6.) More than five men _ (has/ have) died in the accident.7. Some /a

8、 lot of /half of/the rest of/part of/plenty of/分数（ %）+of/ the majority of+ 名词”等作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于of 后的名词或代词的单复数形式。 Two-thirds of the students _ (come/ comes) from countryside. Ninety percent of the work _ (has/ have) been done.8.定语从句中的主谓一致。(1) 与先行词一致。定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, which 时，从句谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。I, wh

9、o _ (be) your teacher, will share happiness and sorrow with you. which/as 代替一句话内容,谓语动词用单数As _ (is/ are) known, I am beautiful.(3) one of +复数名词+ 定语从句 ,从句中的谓语用复数形式; the only/exact one of+ 复数名词 + 定语从句 ,从句中的谓语用单数形式。Tom is one of the students who_ (is/ are) good at playing football.Tom is the only one of

10、 the students who_ (is/ are) good at playing football.二、意义一致原则：9. 集体名词 family, audience, crew, club, class, company, committee, party, crowd group, army, government, the public 等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；如果指集体中的各个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。The group _ (is/ are) made up of nine students.The group_ (is/ are) dancing

11、happily.注意 1：集合名词 cattle, clothes, people, the police 表示复数意义谓语动词永远复数 .people 民族（可数名词， peoples)The Chinese people _ (is/ are) a brave people.Chinese people_ (is/ are) making our country richer and richer.2. Population2The population of China _ (is/ are) over 1.3billion and 80% of the population_(is/a

12、re) farmers.10.表示时间、距离、金钱，度量衡等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词则用单数形式 ;Two years _ (has/ have) passed since I left Ningbo;One million dollars _ (is/ are) a great sum of money.11. 有些名词如： fish, deer, sheep, means, works, species, 等用作单数或复数均可，谓语动词随其含义而定。 This glass works _ (is/ are) built in 1978. Two steel works_

13、 (is/ are) east of the city . Every means_ (has/ have) been tried. Many species _ (has/ have) died out.12.学科名词， 或 以 -ics 结尾的学科名称作主语时， 如 physics, mathematics, mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics. statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics 等 , 谓语动词通常用作 单数 。Physics _ (is/ are) a fundamental subje

14、ct in science.13.成双成对出现的复数名词如 glasses, shoes, trousers, pants, gloves, socks, slippers, scissors等作主语时，谓语通常用复数， * 但如果前有 a/the pair of, a/the suit of 等词语修饰时，谓语动词与 pair, suit 等一致，用单数1) My trousers _ (is/ are) very nice.2) A pair of shoes _ (is/ are) under the bed.14.主语是疑问代词 who, what, which, 不定代词 all,

15、more, most, any, none 等以及名词 half, part, the rest 等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视它们所代指的名词而定。1.) Which _(is/ are) more valuable, health or wealth?2.) Which_ (is/ are) prettier, these or those?3.) We had some paper, but the rest _ (was/ were) put back.15.the adj.作主语 ,the adj.,表示一类人， 谓语动词用复数， 如 the old, the youn

16、g, the rich, the poor 等The old _ (is/ are) taken good care of in our society.The rich _ for the decision but the poor _ against it. (was/ were)16. a/this/that + kind of + 名词（单数或复数）作主语时，谓语动词用单数；如果主语是kinds（ types) of+ 名词或复数名词 of+ a ( this, that ） kind 时，谓语动词用复数形式。即kind(s) of +n.,谓语与 kind 一致n. +of this

17、 kind谓语与名词一致 The kind of apples _ (sell/ sells ) well. Men of this kind _ (is/ are) dangerous .注意:由 kind, form, type, species, series等修饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数，而不是他们后面所跟的名词. This new type of machine_ (is/ are) now on show. Some new forms of art _ (was/ were) discussed at the meeting.17. 主语是 a large/smal

18、l quantity/amount of + 名词（可数或不可数）谓语动词用单数；如果是 “ large (great) quantifies/ amounts of + 名词（可数或不可数） ”时，谓语动词要用复数。也就3是说谓语动词随quantity/amount 的单复数而定 There _(is/ are) a large quantity of milk/apples on the farm. Large quantities of water /coal/bricks _(is/ are) needed here.18. a number of（a group of ,a vari

19、ety of)+ 名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；Thenumber of(the variety of.) +名词复数谓语动词用单数形式。 A number of workers _(is/ are) out of work. The number of the students in our school _(is/ are) eight thousand.19. 两数相减或相除 ,谓语动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。 Sixty minus seventeen _(leave/ leaves) forty-three. Six and eight _(mak

20、es/make) fourteen.20、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。“ The Arabian Nights ” _ (is/ are) an interesting story-book.The United States _ (is/ are) on the south of Canada.21.名词性物主代词作主语，谓语动词根据指代对象而定Your shoes are white; Mine_ (is/ are) black.His coat _ yellow; Hers_red. (is/ are)三 . 就近一致原则谓语动词的单

21、、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。22. 由 or, nor, either.or, neither.nor, not only.but also 连接的并列结构作主语， 随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。1. You or she _ (is/ are) good at English.2._ (Are/ Is) either you or he wrong?23. 以 here, there 开头的句子，谓语动词的单复数形式看后面的主语而定，如果主语不止一个，谓语动词于最近的主语保持一致。 Here _(is/ are)some bread. There _ (is/ are)a pe

22、n and three pencils on the desk. 24.在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致Such _(is/ are) the result.Such _(is/ are) the facts.On the wall _ (is/ are) many pictures.四：随前原则25.当主语后面跟有 as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with ,like, rather than, together with , but ,except, besides, ,including 等引导的词组时，其谓语

23、动词的单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。1. The teacher with two students _ (was / were)at the meeting .2. E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playingB. have playedC. are playingD. play1) They, together with Tom, _(is/ are) going to swim this afternoon .2) No one but your pa

24、rents _ (was/ were) there then.43) He, like you and your brother, _(is/ are) very clever.4) The teacher, including his students, _ (has/ have) going to see Professor Tell.5) Mary, together with his sisters _ (has/ have) gone back.高考真题 :1. Listening to loud music at rock concerts _ caused hearing los

25、s in some teenagers. （ 10 湖南）A. isB. areC. hasD. have2. Barbara is easy to recognize as she s the only one of the women who_evening（10 dress.全国）A.wearB.wearsC.has wornD.have worn3. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since1990. (09 山东 25)A. isB. areC. has

26、beenD. have been4. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, _visit Beijing this summer. (09陕西 7)A. is going toB. are going toC. was going toD. were going to5. The teacher together with the students _ discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America. (09 四川 17)A. are; wereB. is; we

27、reC. are; wasD. is; was6. Did you go to the show last night? Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _ invited. (08陕西 15)A. wereB. have beenC. has beenD. was7. A survey of the opinions of experts _ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _good for one lthshea.(07 江西 25)A.show; areB.shows; isC.show;

28、 isD.shows; are8. We live day by day ，but in the great things ，the time of days and weeks _so small that a day is unimportant. (07 湖南 30)A.isB.areC.has beenD.have been9. As a result of the serious flood ， two-thirds of the buildings in the area_.(07 陕西9)A.need repairingB.needs to repairC.needs repairing D.need to repair10. The company had about 20 notebook computers