[初一英语]7年级上—语法训练1—名词

1、7年级上语法训练1名词掌握要点：名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词）名词的数 1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法2）可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化名词所有格 含义、构成 两种形式：s所有格及of所有格知识点：一、名词的分类1.专有名词：名字(人名、地名、书名、机构名)、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言)、日期（节日、星期、月份）例句：my name is lucy. i am a chinese. i will go to the great wall on monday.2.普通名词: 包括可数名词和不可数名词 个体名词 表示个体的人或事物 例: sister、table、bik

2、e、window可数名词 集体名词 表示一群人或一些事物 例: family、police、class、group 物质名词 表示构成物体的物质或材料 例: water、air、wood不可数名词 抽象名词 表示状态、品质、行为、感情等 例: danger、interest区分方法：将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，则为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，则为不可数名词。注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：glass作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。身兼二职的名词对照表glassfish chickentime 可数玻璃杯鱼类小鸡次、倍不可数玻璃鱼肉鸡肉时间orange lightpaper

3、 hair 可数橘子电灯报纸/试卷（几根）头发不可数橘汁光纸头发exerciseidea lifework可数练习题主意/意见生命著作不可数锻炼了解生活工作turkeyradioyouthexperience可数火鸡收音机青年人经历不可数火鸡肉无线电年轻、青春经验interest room可数爱好房间不可数兴趣空间二、名词的单复数形式 (1) 规则变化：名词的复数构成，通常是在单数形式后面加-s或-es1、 一般情况在词尾直接加s , 例 bags。 2、 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的词加-es，例bus-buses box-boxes。3、 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，y变成i加-es 例 c

4、ity-cities；以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，直接加s。4、以o结尾的除potato(马铃薯)、tomato(西红柿)、hero(英雄)加es，其余直接加s。5、以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f或fe为v加es, roof、proof直接加-s， 例 life-lives wife-wives roof roofs。(2)不规则变化1、单词拼写发生变化man-men woman-women policeman-policemen foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice child-children2、某国人变复数，口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面 例：an engl

5、ishman-englishmen an american-americans3、单复数形式相同 常用分以下几类：表示动物的名词deer 鹿，fish 鱼，sheep 绵羊，bison 野牛，crab 螃蟹表示人的名词chinese 中国人，japanese 日本人，swiss瑞士人，kin 亲属craft及由-craft构成的名词craft 飞机，aircraft 飞机， spacecraft 太空船表示数量的名词hundred百，thousand千，million百万，dozen一打， score 二十其他series 系列；species种类；means方法 (3)不可数名词一般只用单数

6、，它不能与a/an及数次搭配使用。表示数量时用量词搭配。例：a cup of coffee(一杯咖啡) two glasses of milk(两杯牛奶) three pieces of paper(三张纸) four bottles of water(四杯水)三、名词所有格含义：名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。表示形式：一种是s所有格，一种是of所有格 beijing is chinas capital.= beijing is the captital of china. this is toms bike = this is the bike of tom. lily is the k

7、eys owner.= lily is the owner of the key.1、s所有格构成 单数名词及不以s结尾的复数名词，只需在词尾加s，如 lucys pen路西的钢笔childrens day（儿童节）；以s结尾的复数名词，只加 , 如the students books 学生们的书。2、几个人共有的东西，只需在最后一个人的名词后加s, 如 lucy and lilys bedroom(露西和莉莉的卧室)。表示各自所有，则每个名词都加s, 如 lucys and lilys desks(露西的桌子和莉莉的桌子)。7年级上语法训练1名词一、填空。（根据括号中的中文写出英文）my n

8、ame is _(莉莉). i come from_(英国). _(李雷) is my best friend. we will go to_(长城) on_(星期日). i like_(中国) and_（中国的）friends. 二、用所给名词的正确形式填空1. there are four_(people) in my family.2. i have many_(friend) at school.3. i have no_(time) to play games today.4. the baby has only two_(tooth) now. 5. there is a lot

9、of_(water) in the bottle.6. the_(child) are playing games on the playground now.7. their_(dictionary) look new.8. there are many_(fox) in the picture.9. there are two_(orange) on the desk.10. i would like some_(orange). i am very thirsty.三、将下面的单词变成复数形式。1. picture_ 2. fox_ 3. boy_ 4. class_5. photo_

10、6. tomato_ 7. cousin_ 8. shelf_ 9. family_ 10. watch_ 11. knife_ 12. roof_13. country_ 14. woman_ 15. sheep_16. foot_ 17.child_ 18. japanese_四、单项选择。1. my family _ a big family. my family _all here. a. is, is b. are, are c. is, are d. are, is2.these are her_.a. pencils b. pencil c .a pencil d. a penc

11、ils3.a group of _ are talking with two _ over there.a. frenchmen; germans b. frenchmen; germenc. german; frenchmen d. germans; frenchmans4. how many _ are there in your class ? a. japanese b. american c. australian d. canadian5. how much are the _ ? a. bread b. meats c. potatos d. tomatoes6. there a

12、re some _ on the hill.a. sheeps b. a sheep c. sheep d. sheepes7. there are many _ in our school.a. woman teachers b. womans teachers c. women teachers d. womens teachers8. there are some new books in the school library. they are _ books.a. child b. childrens c. children d. childrens9. meimeis handwr

13、iting is better than any other _ in his class.a. students b. students c. students d. students10. the hospital is a bit far from here. its about _ . a. forty minutess walk b. forty minutes walk c. forty minutes walk d. forty minutes walk11. i found my black cat in_ room.a. jim and mike b. jim and mikes c. jims and mikes d. jims and mike12 this is not your radio, but_.a. y