宾语从句 (初中)

1、.宾语从句什么是宾语: 宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。I like my teacher.I enjoy playing basketball.I decide to study hard.I know him .什么是宾语从句： 在复合句中，用来作宾语的名词性从句叫做宾语从句。就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。我们 知道 姚明We know Yao Ming我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员We know that he is a famous basketball player. 哪些句子可以做宾语陈述句 he is a famous basketball p

2、layer.一般疑问句 will our teachers attend the meeting ？特殊疑问句 which coat did you prefer?1、 陈述句做宾语当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略l Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. l Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.l He said (that) he woul

3、d like to see the headmaster.在主句为be动词加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句l Im sorry (that) I dont know .l Were sure (that) our team will win .l Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .Attention！引导词that不可省略的几种情况：l 当宾语从句的主语是that时He says that that is a useful book. 他是那是一本有用的书。

4、 l 当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时。Im afraid that if you dont study hard, youll fail in the exam. 如果你不努力学习，那么恐怕你会考试不及格。l 当宾语从句的从句前有插入语时。 It says, on the card, that it is made in China. 练习： 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转）二、一般疑问句做宾语我问 他是否想去游

5、泳吗？I ask Does he want to go swimming？宾语从句中用陈述语序! 用 whether 和 if (是否)连接 I ask if/whether he wants to go swimming. l I want to know if (whether) he lives there.l He asked me whether (if) I could help him.Attention！只能用whether不能用if的几种情况：1. 具有选择意义，尤其是直接与or not连用时-Let me know whether you can come or not.

6、-I cant say _ or not he will come on time. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。-Whether it is true or not, I cant tell.-_ they will join in the Winter Camp I dont care.3. 与to do 不定式连用只能用whetherI dont know whether to accept or refuse.I dont know _ to study or go out.4. 引导介词的宾语从句时，只能用whetherI worry about wheth

7、er I hurt her feelings. I am interested in _ shell be invited.三、特殊疑问句做宾语我想知道 你最喜欢哪条领带？I wonder which tie do you like best? 宾语从句中用陈述语序! 连接词就是特殊疑问词本身I wonder which tie you like best ? l We didnt know when she would come back.l Do you know where _ from?宾语从句的语序-陈述句语序宾语从句的时态l 1. 当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可

8、以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则） Jim _ (be) a worker two years agoJim _ (be) an English teacher now. I hear that Jim _ ( cook ) dinner tomorrow . Jim _ ( sing )a popular song now. Jim _ ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim_ ( play ) basketball when his father came back.Jim _ (learn )1000 Chinese words by th

9、e end of last semester. l 2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）1) He will go to Hong Kong .2) He is sick.3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.He would go to Hong Kong. He said He was sick. He was reading a book . He had finished his work.l 3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）He told me (that)summer is after spring .I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon.My parents told me (that)no news is good news.宾语从句的否定转移在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，且谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，g