名词单复数的讲解小学英语语法

1、小学英语语法集训之一 :第一课 名词I. 名词分类：可数名词 不可数名词1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。不可数名词数不清没有复数 例如： drink milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge food rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings2、可数名词单数前面加不定冠词 aan ，表示一个，有复数形式，表示复数概念，不可数名词 不能与不定冠词 aan 连用，没有复数形式many “很多 +可数名词复数much “很多 /a little “一点 +不可数名词some, any , a lot

2、of lots of两者都可以修饰。3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰 不可数名词表示数量时需要用 数词 + 量词 +of + 名词 对可数名词的数量提问用 how many 对不可数名词的数量提问用 how much4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法：1 some, much ,a little ,a lot of,a bit of , plenty of用等表示多少。注意既可以与可数名词复数， 又可以与不可数名词连用的有： plenty of ,some ,a lot of ,lots of ,most of 等。例：There is much water in the bottle.Il

3、l tell you much good news.we should collect some useful information.2用单位词表示。用a . of 表示。如 a cup of 一杯，a bottle of 一瓶 a piece of 一张，a pair of shoes 一双鞋女口 two cups of tea两杯茶，five pieces of paper五张纸注意单位词后的动词单复数形式往往取决于单位词的单复数形式；千、百等数词与名词加用， 表示复数时，数词仍保持单数，名词变复数。如 two hundred students 200 名学生ten thousand t

4、rees 10000 棵树考点 He caught a lot of fish 他抓到了许多鱼此处为许多条鱼， fish 的复数仍为 fish 5、可数名词分为单数和复数。名词单数就是该词本身，在其前面加 a 或 an。1单数如a desk 张桌子an old desk 一张旧书桌2复数：要表示一个以上概念时，要用名词复数形式规那么变化1一般情况下加 -s如 bookbooks,deskdesks,cat-cats,bed-beds2以 s ,x ,ch , sh 结尾加 -es如 boxboxes,busbuses,brush-brushes,watch-watches注意以 th 结尾加

5、-s, month-months stomach-stomachs3以辅音字母+结尾，变y为i再加-es。宀如 city-cities城市country-countries国家 注意以元音+y，直接加s。如：day-days天，boy-boys男孩4以 f 或 fe 结尾，复数变 f 或 fe 为 v 再加 -es如 knife-knives 书 , half-halves 一半 thief ,wife ,life ,shelf ,knife ,leaf ,self ,half ,wolf注意有少数词后直接加s，如roof-roofs 屋顶5以o结尾1辅音字母加 o 结尾名词的加 -es 如

6、tomato-tomatoes 西红杮 potato-potatoes 土豆 2元音字母加 o 结尾名词的加 -s如 piano-pianos 钢琴, zoo-zoos 动物园 photo-photos 照片, kangaroo-kangaroos 袋鼠 kilo-kilos千克 注意 zero 两种方式都可： zero-zeros 或 zeroes 零 不规那么变化1 元音字母发变化。如 man-men男人,woman-women妇女 tooth-teeth牙齿 ， foot-feet脚mouse-mice 老鼠 ， policeman-policemen警察policewoman-poli

7、cewomen 女警察 2词尾发生变化。如 child-children小孩， ox-oxen 公牛3单、复数形式相同。如 fish-fish鱼 ， sheep-sheep 绵羊 ， deer-deer 鹿 ， Chinese-Chinese 中国人 ，yuan-yuan 元 ， jinn-jinn斤注意不说 an English ，要说 an Englishman. fish作鱼肉讲时不可数，没有复数。 fishes指各种不同种类鱼或指几条鱼。4形似单数，实为复数意义。如 people 人，人们 these people 不说 a people ，可说 a personpolice 公安，警

8、察 ten police 不说 a police ，可说 a policeman5由man和womans成的合成名词，变复数将名词及man或womartP变成复数。如 a man driver-men drivers 男司机 a woman doctor-women doctors 女医生 6合成名词变为复数时，通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数。grown-up-grown-ups 成年人 letter-box-letter-boxes 信箱 注意hair和fruit通常作单数，表示总体。假设表示假设干根头发或假设干种水果，那么需用这两个 词的复数形式。如 would you like so

9、me more fruit你要不要再吃点水果we bought a lot of fruit from the market.我们从市场上买了许多水果，china has some good frits.中国有一些好的水果。 指种类she has a few white hairs.她有几要白头发。his black hair is going white.他的黑发逐渐变成灰白色。注意 wind ,snow 和 rain 这类词，有时也可以有复数形式，表示屡次的风、雪或雨。如 passer-by-passers-by 过路人 bus driver-bus drivers 汽车司机 注意如果没有

10、主体名词，就在最后一词上加-s。如：注意以 boy 和 girl 开头的复合名词变成复数时，一般只把后一名词变成复数 如 boy student-boy students 男学生 girlfriend-girlfriends女朋友 7有些名词只有作复数。如 scissors 剪刀 a pair of scissors 一把剪刀 trousers 裤子; shorts短裤; jeans 工装裤; scales 天平, sunglasses 太阳镜; 名词+ma n womar构成的复合名词，其复数形式通常与简单名词一样，即把man woman改成menwomen。如 Englishman-Eng

11、lishmen 英国人 Frenchwoman-Frenchwomen 法国妇女 注意German不是复合词，它的复数是 Germa ns练习：一 写出以下名词的复数形式1. this _2. watch5. diary 3. child 4. photo6. day _ 7. foot 8. dress 9. tooth 10. sheep _ 11. box 12. peach_13. sandwich14. man _15. woman _16. city _ 17. zoo18. country _ 19. mouse _20. car _ 21. fox22. tree _23. h

12、orse 24. bus _25. leaf26. life _27. thief 28. book _二 按要求填入单词的适当形式1. Two live in this building. (family)2. Look at those . (child)3. I can see a standing near the door. (policeman)4. There are some on the table. (glass)5. Would you like some (bread)6. I have two . (sister)7. I like . (cat)8. Do you

13、want some for supper (potato)9. He has two . One is old, the other is new. (watch)10. In autumn, you can see a lot of on the ground. (leaf)11. I have two . (knife)12. There are two in the zoo. (fox)13. There are many on the road. (bike)14. A few are drawing on the wall. (child)15. The are playing fo

14、otball now. (student)16. Please take two for me. (photo)17. I like the red . (tomato)18. Would you please clean your now (tooth)19. Do you want some (milk)20. There are ten in our school. (English teacher)三 选择以下正确的单词或词组。1. Do you drink much (milk, milks)2. I visited (Tom, Tom s) house yesterday.3. H

15、e had two (cup, cups) of tea.4. This is (Tom and Mary s, Tom s and Mary s) house.5. Give me a (piece of, X) paper, please.6. I don t want (a, an) old cap.7. Look at those (sheep, sheeps).8. There are 36 (boys, boies) in my class.9. How many (radioes, radios) can you see10. That bag is my (fathers, f

16、ather s bag).四 将以下句子变成复数形式。1. This is a knife. 2. That is a tomato. 3. That child is very lovely. 4. An Englishman stood there. 五. 写出以下名词和词组的所有格1. a sister 2. a boy 3. today 4. a baby 5. a camel 6. men 7. birds 8. two days 9. John and Mary 两人共有的 10. John and Mary 两人各自所有的 六选择1. The in near our house

17、are very beautiful.A. clothB. water C. flowers2. Tom is one of the Chinese in our school.A. boyB. toysC. boies3. A cat has four , doesnt itA. footsB. feet C. feets4. There are three and five in the room.A. American, JapaneseB. Americans, Japanese C. American, Japanese5. Can you see nine in the pictu

18、reA. fishB. booksC. horse6. The has two A. boy; watch B. boy; watches C. boys; watch7. The are flying back to their country.A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans8. The girl brushes her every day before he goes to bed.A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths9. I saw many in the street.A. peoplesB. people10. The gree

19、n shirt is his .A. brotherB. brothers11. They come from different A. country B. countriesC. people sC. brother sC. a country D. countrys12. How many do you see in the pictureA. tomatos B. tomatoesC. tomatoD. the tomatoC. women13. They are . A. woman teachers B. women teachersteacherD. woman teacher14. Would you like , pleaseC. two glass ofA. two glass of waterB. two glasses of waterwatersD. two glasses of waters15. There are some in these A. knifespencil-boxe