1992年08月TOEFL语法讲解

1、1992年 08月语法题1. With affection and humor, poet Phyllis McGinley -of ordinary life.(A) the virtues were praised(B) praised the virtues(C) she praised the virtues(D) her praise of the virtues答案： B测试点；动宾结构。分析： 本句有主语而谓语，宾语均缺，应在答案中选择动词 +宾语的形式，即 (B)。 解题要点： 4 个答案中，先看以动词开头的那一个2. Scientists think -helps some

2、tree to conserve water in the winter.(A) when losing leaves(B) leaves are lost(C) that losing leaves(D) the leaves losing答案： C测试点：宾语从句分析： 动词 think 后接宾语从句，从句有谓语而主语、连接词均缺，应在答案中选择连接词 +主语的形式，即 (C) (A)when+ing 现在分词短语为状语，不能作宾语解题要点：遇到宾语从句的情况，在 4个答案中先看 that 开头的那一个3. The ancient Hopewell people of North Amer

3、ica probably cultivated corn and -crops, but hunting and gathering were still of critical importance in their economy.(A) another(B) the others(C) other(D) other than答案： C测试点； other 和 another 的用法。分析： 本题为 TOEFL 常考题型。空格后为复数名词crops， 应选择 (C)other (A)another后接单数名词；(B)短语the others单独使用，后面不能接其他成份；(D)意为“除了”，

4、与句意 不合4. Lunar eclipses occur each time the Earth blocks the Suns light from the Moon - theMoons full phase.(A) during(B) whether(C) in which(D) whenever答案： A测试点：介词分析：空格两边均为名词性成份，所缺为介词答案中只有(A)是介词.5. - all data into electronic pulses.(A) The computer input unit changes(B) Changing input, the computer

5、 unit(C) Which changes the computer input unit(D) Changes in the computer input units答案： A测试点：主谓结构分析：本句主谓语均缺，应在答案中选择主语+动词的结构，即(A)或(C). (C)为从句故选(A)。6. Robert S. Duncanson was considered a painter of the Hudson River school, -on scenes of Americas untamed wilderness.(A) which concentrated(B) which con

6、centrated it(C) which it concentrated(D) and which concentrated 答案： A测试点：主谓结构分析：逗号后的从句主、 谓语均缺， 应在答案中选择连接词兼主语 +动词的形式， 即 (A)(B) 宾语 it 多余， concentrateon 是固定短语 ; (C) 重复主语； (D) 多连词 and7. - their senses, many-celled animals perceive what is happening in their environment.(A) Means of(B) By means of(C) Of

7、the means by(D) By means 答案： B 测试点：习语分析： By means of 是固定短语，故选 (B) 其余均是错误形式8. In central Georgia, archaeological evidence indicates that Native Americans first inhabited the area -.(A) since thirteen centuries(B) thirteen centuries ago(C) the previous thirteen centuries(D) thirteen centuries were bef

8、ore 答案： B 测试点：状语分析： 空格前为完整的句子，所缺为状语 (A)(B) 均可作时间状语，但 (A) 用于完成时。故 选但)。9. The large compound eyes of the dragonfly - to see moving objects almost eighteen feet away.(A) to enable it(B) enabling it(C) it enables(D) enable it 答案： D 测试点；动宾结构。分析： 本句有主语而无谓语、宾语，应在答案中选择谓语动词 +宾语的形式，即 (D)(A)(B) 动词为非谓语形式；(C)多了主

9、语，且与句子主语不一致.10. Using many symbols makes - to put a large amount of information on a single map.(A) possible(B) it possible(C) it is possible(D) that possible 答案： B 测试点：形式宾语 /习语分析：动词 makes缺宾语，且 to make it+形容词+to do为固定短语，故选 (B)it+形容词. 解题要点：动词 make 及其相关习语为 TOEFL 常考11. Anarchism is a term describing a

10、cluster of doctrines an attitudes - principal uniting feature is the belief that government is both harmful and unnecessary.(A) and(B) whose(C) since(D) for答案：B测试点；从句连接词。分析：空格前为主句，空格后为定语从句。从句主，谓语俱全，所缺为连接词及定语答案中只有 但)whose可引导定语从句并在其中作定语.12. After the great blizzard of 1888 in the northeastern United S

11、tates, it took some - the snow away from their homes.(A) days to shovel people several(B) people several days to shovel(C) several days people to shovel(D) people to shovel several days答案：B测试点：习语.分析：看到it took,.，应想到it+take+sb+时间+to do的固定短语，故选 (B).解题要点：记住两个表示某人花时间做某事”的句型：(1)lt takes sb+时间+to do sth.(2

12、)lttakes 时间 +for sb. to do sth.13. Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the United States -Henry Ford a pioneer in automobile production.(A) as was但)than was(C) than did(D) as did答案：C测试点；比较句式。分析：看到关键词 more，应在答案中寻找含有 than的形式，即(B), (C)。than从句的助动 词应与主句一致；主句谓语动词是had,从句应用d

13、id代替它，不能用 was，故排除(B)而选(C).14. In copper engravings and etchings - caused by the edges of the plate is clearly visible on the paper.(A) the impression is(B) if the impression(C) impressions(D) the impression答案：D测试点：主语.分析：本句有系动词is而缺主语，应在答案中选择名词，即(C)、(D).系动词为单数的is,主语也应是单数的，故排除复数的(C)而选(D).15. Cora reefs

14、 have always been - hazards to ships sailing in tropical seas.(A) one of the greatest(B) the greatest ones(C) ones greatest(D) the greatest were.答案：A测试点；习语/词序。分析：One of the十最高级是固定短语。16. For a long time cotton ranked first between Alabamas crops, but today it accounts forABConly a fraction of the agr

15、icultural production.D答案：A测试点；among和between的用法.分析：考题中常见这两个词被错用.between指两者之间”，指三者或三者以上之间应用among.句中只有复数的 crops,未指明是两者之间，不可用between.应为 among或is.17. Margaret Fuller was not active in the womens-rights movement, but she asking for aABCfair chance for women in her book, Woman in the Nineteenth Century.D答案

16、：C测试点：词形。分析：-ing是动词的非谓语形式，不可单独作谓语。应为asked for.18. Most cities major in the United States have at least one daily newspaper.ABCD答案：A测试点；词序。分析：单个的形容词作定语，修饰名词时，应放在名词前。应为major cities。19. The survival of a forest depends not only on the amount of annual rainfall it receives,ABand also on the seasonal dis

17、tribution of the rain.CD答案：C测试点；not onlybut also的用法.分析：考题中常见这个结构的错误形式，看到句中出现not only,就应立即注意后面but also是否丢失.and应为but.20. James Farmer, an American civil rights leader, he helped establish the Congress ofABRacial Equality, an organization that is dedicated to the principle of nonviolence.CD答案：B测试点：多词.分

18、析：主语为James Farmer，此处无需重复主语.he多余.21. A merger is a combination of two or more businesses down below a single management.ABCD答案：C测试点：介词.分析：修饰抽象名词 management,应用under. below表示在具体的位置下.试比较：underone s control, under onebeslodeisea level： below the floor。22. In its simplest form, a transformer is composed o

19、f two coils of wire place togetherABCwithout no wires actually in contact.D答案：D测试点；介词/ no和any的用法.分析：考题中常见这两个被相互错用. no本身是否定词，此处与含有否定意义的介词 without 连用，形成双重否定，是错误形式.应为without any .或用肯定意义的介词 with，即withno，避免双重否定形式.23. The greatest natural resource of the state of North Dakota is their fertile farmland.ABC

20、D答案：C测试点：代词数的一致.分析：代词的数应与所代名词一致.此处代词所代为the state of North Dakota，单数，不能用their。应为its。24. The doctrine of eminent domain is based the legal tradition that all real property isABCsubject to the control of the state.D答案：A测试点；习语.分析：Be based on,.是固定短语.此处缺介词on.25. In a controversial eating guide entitled Ar

21、e You Hungry? Jane Hirschmann and LelaABZaphiropolous argue that children instinctively know what foods are good for selves.CD答案：D测试点：反身代词/近义词.分析：名词selves（serf的复数）意为自我、私利”，而此处表示他们自己”，应用代词 themselves.解题要点：题中出现划线的self或selves时，应首先考虑它是否用错.26. Bats rely to their hearing to navigate and to find food at ni

22、ght.ABC D答案：A测试点：习语/介词.分析：Rely on是固定短语，不用to.27. Once an important port of entry for immigrants to the United States, Ellis Island recentABCreopened its great hall as a museum of immigration.D答案：C测试点；词性。分析：recent是形容词，而修饰动词reopened应当用副词。应为 recently o28. Every year Colorado is visited by millions of to

23、urists who come for a variety of reason.ABCD答案：D测试点；数的一致.分析：A variety of应后接复数的可数名词，而reason是单数.应为 reasons29. The energy needed for animal grow is derived primarily from carbohydrates and fats.ABCD答案：B测试点：词性.分析：grow是动词，而介词for后应加名词性成份.应为 growth .解题要点：题中有划线 的grow出现时应注意其是否错用，是否应为名词growth .30. Countries t

24、end to specialize in the production and export of those goods and servicesABthat it can produce relatively cheaply.CD答案：C测试点：代词数的一致.分析：代词的数应与其所代名词一致.此处代词指代的是复数的Countries，不能用单数的Uo 应为 they。31. Antique auctions have become popular in the United States because a steadily increasingABawareness of the inv

25、estment value of antiques.CD答案：B测试点： because与 because of 的用法.分析：考题中常见这两个词被相互错用.because是连词，后接从句；而此处后接的是短语，应用介词 because of32. Alike an insect, the crustacean is an arthropod, an animal with jointed legs and an ABexoskeleton, a supportive covering for its body.答案：AAlike是副词或形容词，不能后接宾语；like才是介词.应alike，应注

26、意是否为like的误用.测试点：like和alike的用法. 分析：这两个词常见相互用错. 为 like.解题要点：见到题中出现划线的33. Bricks are made from clay that is processed into a workable consistency, form toABstandard sizes, and then fired in a kiln.CD答案：B测试点；并列结构/词形。分析：连词and要求它所连接的成份同结构、同形式。句中and连接3个并列的从句谓语部分，processed和 fired均为过去分词，与is构成被动语态；form也应为过去分词

27、 formed.34. Her speech at the Worlds Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893 brought FannieABCBarrier Williams local and nation recognition.D答案：D测试点：并列结构/词性.分析：and两边的成份应同词性、同性质. and 一边为形容词local，另一边也应为形容词 national，作并列的定语，不用名词nation.解题要点：注意划线的以 -tion线尾的名词.35. A paragraph is a portion of a text consists of one or more sentences related to the same ABCDidea.答案：B测试点：词形/缺词.分析：consists是谓语动词的形式.但此处需要分词作后置定语修饰text .应为consisting of或加连接词使成从句；which / that consists of36. A deficient of folic acid is rarely found in huma