2020-2021年阅读理解记叙文试题分类汇编1

1、2020-2021 年阅读理解记叙文试题分类汇编 1一、英语阅读理解记叙文（含答案详细解析）1阅读理解When faced with difficult situations in their lives, many people find them too challenging and give up, especially on their life dreams. But not for Gabriel Heredia.Gabrrel is a 21-year-old Argentinean barber （阿根廷理发师） who was born without hands. But

2、 he was able to grow up happy and independent because he always had the support of friends and family. In fact, his inspiration for such work was his mother, who is a hairdresser. At the age of 14, he began to take interest in her work and learned all kinds of hair cutting skills from her. Although

3、he first saw it as an interest, Gabriel quickly decided that this was his dream job.Gabriels family soon helped him open his first barbershop in San Isidro, Peru, which he worked at for one and a half years. There, he met Zlatan Gomez, the president of Argentina Corta, an organization for barbers to

4、 connect, do charity （慈善） work, and teach hairdressing. Later, Gabriel became part of Argentina Corta, offering his services to people of all ages so they can build up the skills they need to get a job.Gabriel then moved to Buenos Aires, Argentina where he cuts hair today. As a bright and caring you

5、ng man, Gabriel tries hard to not only be a barber, but also make a connection with the neighborhood. He says, The thing that I like the most about my job is that people feel comfortable and stylish with my cuts and that makes me feel happy.Gabriel always does his best to be independent. He never gi

6、ves up. There is nothing he cant do. Besides cutting hair, he has learned to ride a bike, a motorbike and even to drive a car. He is no doubt inspiring others.（1）When Gabriel was born, what made him different from others?A. He was born without hands.B. His special haircut.C. His life dream.D. His ha

7、ppiness and independence.（2）At first, Gabriel Heredia learned hair cutting skills .A. from Zlatan GomezB. from his motherC. from his friendsD. by himself（3）Which of the following statements about Gabriel Heredia is NOT true?A. He tries hard to make a connection with the neighborhood.B. He can not on

8、ly cut hair but also drive a car.C. He joined Argentina Corta and taught others hair cutting skills in San Isidro.D. He opened his first barbershop in Buenos Aires with the help of his family.（4）What does Gabriels story mainly tell us?A. A good beginning makes a good ending.B. Youre never too old to

9、 learn.C. Nothing is impossible if you dont give up.D. Education changes life.【答案】 （ 1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】 【分析】文章大意：很多人在面对困难时会选择放弃，但是加布里埃尔 赫雷迪亚 没有放弃，他是一个理发师，生下来就没有双手，但是能够独立的成长，在家人的鼓励和 支持下，实现了自己的梦想，后来帮搬到了阿根廷首都，布宜诺斯艾利斯，继续在那里理 发。加布里埃尔总是尽力保持独立。他从不放弃。他什么都能做。除了剪发，他还学会了 骑自行车、摩托车甚至开车。他无疑在激励别人。（ 1）细节理解题，根据 who

10、 was born without hands.可知，使他与众不同的是剩下了就没有双手，故答案是 A 。（ 2）细节理解题，根据 In fact, his inspiration for such work was his mother, who is a hairdresser. At the age of 14, he began to take interest in her work and learned all kinds of hair cutting skills from her.可知是他的理发技艺来自他的妈妈，故答案是B。（ 3）正误判断题题，根据 Gabriels fam

11、ily soon helped him open his first barbershop inSan Isidro, Peru, which he worked at for one and a half years.可知他在家人的帮助下在秘鲁圣伊西德罗开了第一家理发店，而不是在布宜诺斯艾利斯，所以 D 的叙述错误，故答 案是 D。（4）细节理解题，根据根据文章内容可知，只要不放弃，什么都能成为可能，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题要可以直接从文 中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一 种，也需要根据文章内容

12、进行判定。2阅读材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。Tony, a nine-year-old kid, is sitting at his desk when suddenly he wets （尿湿） his pants. He thinks his heart is going to stop because he cant possibly know how this has happened. It has never happened before. He knows the after-effect （后果） When the boys find out, he wi

13、ll never hear the end of it. When the girls find out, theyll never speak to him again as long as he lives.Tony puts his head down and say to himself, Oh, no. What can I do? I need help now!He looks up and notices the teacher coming, with a look in her eyes that says he has been discovered.As the tea

14、cher is walking to him, a classmate named Emily is carrying a glass that is full of water.Emily falls down in front of the teacher and drops the glass of water in Tonys pants. Tony seemsto be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, Thank you, dear! Thank you, dear!Now all of a sudden, inst

15、ead of being the person that everyone laughs at, Tony is the person of sympathy （同情） . The person that everyone laughs at should be him, but now it is Emily.She tries to help, but they tell her, Youve done enough, you stupid!At the end of the day, as they were waiting for the bus, Tony walks over to

16、 Emily and says in a low voice, You did that on purpose, didnt you ?Emily says back in a quiet voice, I wet my pants, too.（1）What does Tony think the other boys will do if they find out the fact?A. Theyll all laugh at him.B . Theyll tell the teacher about it.C. Theyll try to help him.D. Theyll never

17、 speak to him again.（2）Which is right according to the passage?A. Emily drops the water on purpose.B. Tony is really angry with Emily.C. Tony and Emily dont go home by bus.D. Tony and Emily arent classmates.（3）We know that Emily is a girl from the passage?A. careless and lazyB. quiet and brightC. st

18、upid and helplessD. kind and smart.【答案】 （ 1）A（2）A（3）D【解析】 【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。一个叫 Tony 的小男孩不小心尿湿裤子后 生怕被人发现，正在他陷入痛苦需要得到帮助时，正好同班同学 Emily 拿着一杯水走来， 故意把水撒在 Tony 身上，使 Tony免于被同学们嘲笑，从而化解了危机。（ 1）细节理解题。根据第一段第五句When the boys find out, he will never hear the endofit ，以及第五段第一句 Now all of a sudden, instead of being

19、 the person that everyone laughs at, 可知这些男孩们会嘲笑他。故选A。（ 2 ）根据文章倒数第二段 You did that on purpose, didn tyou? 和最后一段的 I wet mypants once, too. ,可知 Emily 是故意撒的水。可知选项 A，符合文字内容，故选 A；根据 第四段最后句 Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, Thank you, dear! Thank you, dear! 托尼似乎很生气，但他一直在自言自语

20、： “谢谢你，亲爱的！谢谢你，亲 爱的！ ”可知 Tony 不是正的生气。选项 B 不符合文章内容，故排除 B；根据倒数第二段第 一句 At the end of the day, as they were waiting for the bus,可知他们他们在等公共汽车，推知他们是乘坐公共汽车回家，选项 C 不符合文章内容，故排除 C；根据第四段第二句 Emily falls down in front of the teacher and drops the glass of water in Tonys pants.可以推知他们是同班同学。选项 D 不符合文章内容，故排除 D。综上所述，

21、故选 A。（ 3）推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句 Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, Thank you, dear! Thank you , dear! ，可知是 Emily 急中生智才化解了 Tony 的尷尬 处境，由此看出 Emily 是个善良又聪明的孩子，故选 D。【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找 出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的 基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。3

22、阅读材料，从每题所给的 A、B、 C、 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。The year was 1859. America and England had already fought two wars. Now, they were at peace. But one day a pig got hungry. And it nearly caused another war between the two countries.The pig was owned by a British man who lived on a small island. The island was just

23、off the western part of North America. Both England and the US said the island was theirs. Across the island from the British man lived some American farmers. Everyone on the island got along peacefully. But the peace ended the day the British mans pig decided to eat some of an American farmers pota

24、toes.One of the American farmers shot and killed the pig. Then the pigs owner wanted $100 from the man who shot the animal. That was a lot of money, so the farmer refused to pay it. The British and Americans began to argue, and the situation got worse. The farmers asked the governor over the island

25、at that time for help. He sent a group of soldiers to protect the farmers. The British answered by sending 2, 000 soldiers. The British were on one side of the island, and the Americans were on the other. The problem that began with the pig was about to become a shooting war.When news of the problem

26、 reached Washington and London, both leaders were surprised. Neither country wanted another war. They sent some men to try to fix the problem. After a discussion, it was decided that each country would keep a small group of soldiers on the island. They would stay there until the two countries could

27、decide who owned the island. Then the others would have to leave.Twelve years went by. Neither side wanted to give u the island, but they knew they had to do something. They asked the leader of Germany to help decide. After nearly a year of discussion, a decision was made. America would get the isla

28、nd.Finally, the Pig War was over and only one shot was fired. That was the shot that killed the pig!（1）What caused the problem on the island according to the passage?A. An American shot a British man.B. A group of soldiers came to the island.C. British men destroyed an Americans farmland.D. A Britis

29、h mans pig ate some potatoes of an American farmers.（2）The underlined word they in Paragraph 4 refers to .A. the farmersB. the leadersC. the soldiersD. the Germans（3）According to the passage, the real purpose of the two countries was .A. to own an islandB. to kill a pigC. to get more moneyD. to star

30、t a war（4）Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. The Pig IslandB. The Pig WarC. The Pig on the IslandD. The Island War【答案】 （ 1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】 【分析】文章大意：英美两国因一头英国人饲养的猪吃了美国人种植的土豆引起 的争端，其实他们最终的目的就是争夺小岛的所有权，（ 1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句But the peace ended the day the British mans pig de

31、cided to eat some of an American farmers potatoes. 理解可知，这场战争的主要起因就是英 国人的猪吃了美国人的土豆，故选 D。（ 2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句After a discussion, it was decided that each country wouldkeep a small group of soldiers on the island. They would stay there until the two countries could decide who owned the island. 理解可知，经过讨论，决

32、定每个国家在岛上保留一小队士兵。 他们将一直呆在那里，直到两国决定谁拥有这个岛。 they 指代的就是士兵，故选 C。（ 3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Twelve years went by. Neither side wanted to give u theisland, but they knew they had to do something. They asked the leader of Germany to help decide. After nearly a year of discussion, a decision was made. America would ge

33、t the island. 理解 可知，英美两国的最终目的就是争夺小岛的所有权，故选A。（4）标题推断题。通读全文可知，英美的争议是因一头猪吃了土豆引起的，其实他们最 终的目的就是争夺小岛的所有权，故选B。【点评】考阅读理解。本题主要涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题可以直接从文 中找到答案，而主旨大意题需要认真阅读仔细理解，归纳出中心思想。4阅读理解When he didnt become famous, Albert Einstein, one of the greatest scientistsin the world,lived a hard life, wearing casua

34、lly. Someone reminded him he should have a decent （得体的） coat so as to enter the society.He said, Im unknown. Even if I wear more handsomely, no one will know me. A few years later, Einstein became a world-famous scientist, who still wore casually. The man again reminded he should have a coat made qu

35、ickly, or it would disagree with the fame of a great scientist. Einstein said with a smile, Now, even if I wear ragged （衣衫褴褛的） clothes, people will know me.Sometimes, he even wore a sports shirt and a pair of sandals to the University of Berlin when he worked as a professor in Germany. His friends d

36、idnt agree with him, but he said jokingly, If the bag is better than the meat inside, it will be a bad thing.Indeed, many a time, if we dont adorn （修饰 ; 装饰） ourselves from the appearance but let the skeleton （骨架 ;骨骼） of the spirit stand up, we wont fall over in this world.（1）Einstein was a great.A.

37、reporterB. writerC. scientistD. artist（ 2 ） Before becoming famous, when someone reminded him to have a decent coat. Einstein.A. had a decent coat quicklyB. still wore casuallyC. quarreled with the personD. wore more handsomely then（3）What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?A. Einstein was unfri

38、endly to his friends.B. Einstein once studied in the University of Berlin.C. Einstein didnt like his work as a professor in Germany.D. Einstein thought the things inside a person were more important than the appearance.【答案】 （ 1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】 【分析】文章大意：世界著名科学家爱因斯坦成名前后都穿着随意，面对人们的 劝说，他的回答发人深思。他认为：一个人内在的

39、品质要比外表更重要。我们应该让精神 的骨架站起来，才能立于不败之地。（ 1）细节理解题。由文中语句 Albert Einstein ， one of the greatest scientists in the world 可 知，爱因斯坦是一位伟大的科学家。故选C。（ 2）推理判断题。根据第一段最后 Someone reminded him he should have a decent （得体 的） coat so as to enter the society. 有人提“醒他为了融入社会他应该有一件得体的外套 ”；第 二段语句 He said, Im unknown. Even if I

40、 wear more handsomely, no one will know me. 爱因斯 坦回答 “我没有名气。即便我穿得更英俊漂亮，也没有人会认识我。 ”由此推断，爱因斯坦 没有听从别人劝告，依然穿着很随意，故选B。（3）推理判断题。阅读短文第四段可知，爱因斯坦在柏林大学工作时，穿着运动衫和凉 鞋去学校，朋友们不赞同时，他说 “如果袋子比里面的肉好，那将是一件坏事。 ”这里爱因 斯坦将袋子和肉分别比作人的外在和内在，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和推理判断等常考题型，推理判断题要注意从文 中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。5阅读理解How

41、 many of us have reached into our drawer （抽屉） and pulled out socks that didnt match? Will you throw them away like most girls or try to reuse them? The story of Carly and Charley may help you.Carly and Charley are the girls who often lose their socks. At first, they just matched different colors or

42、styles like some other girls. But most of the time, these socks couldnt match their clothes. So they came up with an idea and started Odd Sox: they collected these socks and gave them away to homeless people. But the problem wasnt solved. They still had missing socks until they realized that they co

43、uld make a business out of it. So they set up Single Sox: he girls sell socks in packs（包） of three so you can mix and match as you wish. Each pack is super colorful and super inspiring （激励人心的） Carly and Charley have written words on every sock to encourage girls to celebrate their differences.And th

44、ey carry on the tradition of giving back for every pair of socks sold, they give away a pair to those in need. Nothing is a waste if you have a creative mind.（1）Carly and Charley set up Odd Sox and gave away the socks to.A. sick childrenB. disabled womenC. poor studentsD. homeless people（2）The words

45、 on the socks are to encourage girls totheir differences.A. matchB . shoutC . reachD . celebrate（3）The underlined words carry on in the third paragraph probably mean .A. continueB. compare C. connect D. control（4）The correct order of the following is. started Odd Sox. set up Single SoxA. carry on th

46、e tradition of giving back matched different socksB. C. D. 0（5）The passage is mainly about how to .A. collect different ideasB. buy all kinds of socksC. put things to good useD. throw away the waste 【答案】 （ 1）D（2）D（3）A（4）C（5）C【解析】 【分析】文章大意：我们中有多少人把手伸进抽屉里拿出了不相配的袜子？你会 像大多数女孩一样把它们扔掉还是再利用它们？卡莉和查理的故事也许对你有

47、帮助。短文 讲述他们是如何处理袜子的。（ 1 ）细节理解题，根据 So they came up with an idea and started Odd Sox: they collected these socks and gave them away to homeless people.可知，卡莉和查理把袜子收集起来送给无家可归的人，故答案是D。（ 2）细节理解题，根据 Carly and Charley have written words on every sock to encourage girls to celebrate their differences. 可知写这些话的

48、原因是为了鼓励女孩子们来庆祝自己的与众不 同，故答案是 D。（ 3）词义猜测题，根据 they realized that they could make a business out of it 可知一开始他 们通过售出的袜子赚钱，又根据 the tradition of giving back for every pair of socks sold 可知还是坚持了卖袜子要回报的传统，所以 carry on 的意思是坚持，继续的意思，故答案 是 A 。（ 4）细节排序题，根据段文内容可知，他们一开始把不同的袜子搭配在一起，然后建立 了一个 Odd Sox，再往后建立了独立的 Sox，最后把

49、原来的传统坚持了下来，因此正确顺序 为 4-1-3-2 ，故答案是 C。（ 5）主旨大意题，根据文章主要讲述了两个孩子，把没有用的袜子重新利用起来的故 事，故答案是 C。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题、词义猜测题、细节排序题和主旨大意 题。细节理解题比较简单，可直接在短文中找到答案，词义猜测题则需要结合具体语境推 测出生词的意思，细节排序题也属于细节理解，只是需要我们按照文章内容去排列指定的 细节，主旨大意题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，归纳出文章的中心思想。6阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Meiyu, born in 1995, is fro

50、m Turkey （土耳其） . She is the youngest child of her family. After high school, many people learned English or Japanese, but Meiyu decided to learn Chinese in university. She learned Chinese for four years in Ankara University in Turkey, and got her name Meiyu there.Meiyu fell in love with Chinese afte

51、r going to university. She became more interested after she knew more about Chinese history. She graduated （毕业） from Ankara University in 2017. Since then, more Chinese have been visiting Turkey. The trade between the two countries also needs Chinese-speaking people. Speaking Chinese means more job

52、opportunities said Meiyu.Now Meiyu has been in Wuhan, China for about two years.Besides going on studying Chinese, she shows great interest in Chinese kung fu as well, so she spends her free time on kung fu training with her coaches. Not only can kung fu help improve （改善） her health, but she is also

53、 interested in the history and culture behind it. Meiyu said, The more I know about China, the luckier I feel to have been here. But the truth is that fun and pain go together in the process of learning.In the future, Meiyu decides to go back to Turkey to teach more students to learn Chinese.（1）Wher

54、e did Meiyu learn Chinese at first?A. In China.B. In Turkey. C. In India. D. In Australia.（2）How old was Meuyu when she graduated from Ankara University in 2017?A. 22B. 25 C. 27 D. 18（3）Whats probably the meaning of the word opportunities in this passage?A. decisionsB . ordersC . meaningsD . chances

55、（4）Why does Meiyu spend her free time on kung fu training with her coaches?A. Because she shows great interest in Chinese kung fu.B. Because she has to learn kung fu to graduate.C. Because she wants to teach kung fu in Turkey.D. Because she wants to take part in kung fu competitions.（5）What can you

56、learn from the passage?A. Meiyu is the only child of her family.B. Meiyu is not interested in Chinese now.C. Chinese culture has greatly influenced Meiyu.D. Meiyu decides to stay in China in the future.【答案】 （ 1）B（2）A（3）D（4）A（5）C【解析】 【分析】大意：中国文化深深影响了了一位土耳其大学生，美玉。（ 1）细节题。根据 She learned Chinese for fou

57、r years in Ankara University in Turkey, 可知，他 最初是在土耳其大学学习汉语，故选B。（ 2）细节题。根据 Meiyu, born in 1995, 可知， 2017年她 22岁，故选 A。（ 3）词义猜测题。根据 The trade between the two countries also needs Chinese-speaking people. Speaking Chinese means more job opportunities said Meiyu. 可知，两国贸易需要会 说汉语的人，说汉语意味着有更多就业机会，推出 oportuni

58、ties 意思为机会，故选 D。（ 4）细节题。根据 she shows great interest in Chinese kung fu as well, so she spends her free time on kung fu training with her coaches. 可知，因为她喜欢中国功夫，所以才和教练用空闲 时间学中国功夫，故选 A。（ 5）主旨题。本文主要讲述一位土耳其大学生，美玉深受中国文化的影响，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键 词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。7阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出最