最新专八听力真题及答案

1、精品文档精品文档(4)5(6)_ _的(10)TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2006)2006年专业八级听力真题及答案PARTI LISTENING COMPREHESIONSection A Mini-lectureMeaning in LilerjturcIn reading literan- worksh we are concerned with the meaning of one literal 卩or another. I lowever, finding out what something really means is n difficult issue

2、.There are three ways totjckle meaning in litentture. Meaning is 科 hut is intended by (1)Apart from reading authors working in quetioik renders need toI) read (2) by the saine author,2 get fainiliar with (31 at the time.3 ) get m know cultural 71lucs and sTib(ils of the time.IL Meaning exists 气u the

3、 text itself.1) ome people s view meaning is 卩Rxiuceii hy the proper!of the text like(4)fetc.2) speakers view meaning is created by both conventions uf meaningan(l(5).rhereftire, agreement on meaning could be created by wiminon traditions and corn entions of usage. But different time periods 抚 di ft

4、erent6) peni卩eclh t!* could lend lu di Iler ent inierpretaticiisof meaning in context.III. Meaning k created by(7)T1) meaning is(8).2) meaning is contextual:3) mcaiiing rcquircs(9|hPracticing cotnpetenc7 in readingpracticing orlier competencies一hackgronnd research in (1(), etc.Section B InterviewIn

5、this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questi ons that follow. Mark the correct an swer to each questi on on your coloured an swer sheet.Questio ns 1 to 5 are based on an in terview. At the end of the in terview you will be give n 10 sec onds to an swer

6、 each of the followi ng five questi ons. Now liste n to the in terview.1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Miss Green s university days?A. She felt bored.B. She felt Ion ely.C. She cherished them.D. The subject was easy.2. Which of the followi ng is NOT part of her job with the Depart

7、me nt of Employme nt?A. Doing surveys at workplace.B. An alyz ing survey results.C. Desig ning questi onn aires.D. Taking a psychology course.3. Accordi ng to Miss Gree n, the mai n differe nee betwee n the Departme nt of Employme nt and the advertis ing age ncy lies inA. the n ature of work.B. offi

8、ce decoratio n.C. office locati on.D. work procedures.4. Why did Miss gree n want to leave the advertis ing age ncy?A. She felt un happy in side the compa ny.B. She felt work there too dema nding.C. She was denied promoti on in the compa ny.D. She Ion ged for new opport un ities.5. How did Miss Gree

9、 n react to a heavier workload in the new job?A. She was willi ng and ready.B. She soun ded mildly eager.C. She a bit surprised.D. She soun ded very relucta nt.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questi ons that follow. Mar

10、k the correct an swer to each questi on on your coloured an swer sheet.Questi ons 6 and 7 based on the followi ng n ews. At the end of the n ews item, you will be give n 10 sec onds to an swer each of the two questi ons. Now liste n to the n ews.6. The man stole the aircraft mainly because he wan te

11、d toA. destroy the Europea n Cen tral Bank.B. have an in terview with a TV stati on.C. circle skyscrapers in dow ntow n Fran kfurt.D. remember the death of a US astr on aut.7. Which of the followi ng stateme nts about the man is TRUE?A. He was a 31-year-old stude nt from Fran kfurt.B. He was pilot i

12、ng a two-seat helicopter he had stole n.C. He had talked to air traffic con trollers by radio.D. He threate ned to land on the Europea n Cen tral Bank.Questio n 8 is based on the followi ng n ews. At the end of the n ews item, you will be give n 10 sec onds to an swer the questi on. Now liste n to t

13、he n ews.8. The news is mainlyabout the city government s plan toA. expa nd and improve the existi ng subway system.B. build un dergro und malls and park ing lots.C. preve nt further land subside nee.D. promote adva need tech no logy.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of

14、the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news.9. According to the news, what makes this credit card different from conventional ones isA. that it can hear the owner s voice.B. that it can remember a password.C. that it can identify the owner

15、s voice.D. that it can remember the owner s PIN.10. The newly developed credit card is said to said to have all the following EXCEPTA. switch.B. battery.C. speaker.D. built-in chip.听力原文 Part 1, Listening ComprehensionSECTION A MINI-LECTUREGood morning! In todays lecture we shall discuss what meaning

16、 is in literary, works. Whenwe read no vels, poems, etc. , we in variably ask ourselves a questi on that is, what does thewriter mean here? In other words, we are in terested in finding out the meaning. But meaningis a difficult issue in literature. How do we know what a work of literature is suppos

17、ed tomean or what its real meaning is? Id like to discuss three ways to explain what meaning is.No. 1, meaning is what is inten ded by the author. ( Q1)No. 2, meaning is created by and contained in the text itself.And No. 3 , meaning is created by the reader.Now, lets take a look at the first approa

18、ch that is, meaning is what is inten ded by theauthor. Does a work of literature mean what the author intended to mean? And if so, how canwe tell? If all the evidenee we have is the text itself and nothing else, we can only guess what ideas the author had accord ing to our un dersta nding of literat

19、ure and world. In order to have a better idea of what one par?ticular author means in one of his works; I suggest that you dothe followi ng:First, go to the library and read other works by the same author. ( Q2)Second get to know someth ing about what sort of meanings seem to be com mon in literary

20、works in that particular tradition and .at that time. In other words, we need to find out what the literary trends were in those days. ( Q3)And last, get to know what were the cultural values and symbols of the time. I guess you can un dersta nd the authors meaning much more clearly after you do the

21、 related backgro und research.Now, lets move on to the sec ond approach to meaning that is, meaning is created by andcon? tained in the text itself. Does the meaning exist in the text? Some scholars argue that the formal prop? erties of the text like grammar, diction, uses of image and so on and so

22、forth, contain and produce the meaning, ( Q4) so that any educated or compete nt reader will inevitably come to more or less the same interpretation as any other. As. far as I am concern ed, the meaning is not only to be found in the literary traditi ons and grammatical conven tio ns of meaning but

23、also in the cultural codes which have bee n han ded dow n from gen erati on to gen erati on. ( Q5) So whe n we and other readers, in clu?ding the author as well,are said to come up with similar in terpretati ons. That ki nd of agreeme nt could be created by com mon traditi ons and conven ti ons of u

24、sage, practice and in terpretati on. In other words, we have some kind of shared bases for the same in terpretati on, but that does not mean that readers agree on the meaning all the time. In differe nt time periods, with differe nt cultural perspec? tives, in cludi ng class, belief and world view,

25、readers, I mean compete nt readers,can arrive at dif? ferent in terpretati ons of tdxts: ( Q6) So meaning in the text is determ inedby how readers see it. It is not contained in the text in a fixed way.Now, the third approach to meaning that is, meaning is created by the reader. ( Q7) Doesthe meanin

26、g the n exist in the readers resp on se? In a sen se, this is in escapable. Meaning exists only in so far as it means to some one , and literary works are writte n in order to evoke sets of responses in the reader. This leads us to consider three essential issues.The first is meaning is social (Q8)

27、that is, la nguage and conven ti ons work only a shared meaning and our way of viewing the world can exist only a shared or sharable. Similarly, when we read a text, we are participating in social or cultural meaning, so a response to a piece of literary work is not merely an in dividual thing but i

28、s part of culture and history.Second, meaning is con textual. If you cha nge the con text, you ofte n cha nge the meaning.And last, meaning requires reader compete ncy. ( Q9) Texts con structed as literature have their own ways of expressi ons or sometimes we say styles. And the more we know of them

29、, the more we can un dersta nd the text. Con seque ntly, there is in regard to the questi on of meaning; the matter of reader competency as it is called the experience and knowledge of comprehe nding literary texts. Your professors might i nsist that you practice and improve compete ncy in read ing

30、and they might also in sist that you in terpret meaning in the con text of the whole work. But you may have to lear n other compe?ten cies too. For in sta nce, inhistorically situated un?reading Mulk Raj Anands The Untouchables you might have to learn what the social structure of India was like at t

31、hat time, what traditions of writing were in practice in India in the early 1930s, what political, cultural and pers onal in flue nces Mulk Raj Anand came un? der whe n con struct ing the imag in ative world of the short no vel. ( Q10) Ok , you may see that this i? dea that mea ning requires compete

32、 ncy in readi ng in fact brings us back to thedersta ndings of an author and his works as we men ti oned earlier inthis lecture, to differe nt conven?tions and ways of readi ng and writ ing and to the point thatmeaning requires a negotiation between cultural meanings across time, culture, class, etc

33、.As readers, you have in fact acquired a good deal of compete ncy already but you shouldacquire more. The esse ntial point of this lecture is that mean?ing in literature is arived fromphenomenon that is not easily located, that meaning is historical, social and de?the traditi ons of readi ng and thi

34、nking and un dersta nding of the world that you are educated about. Thank you for your atte nti on!SECTION B INTERVIEWIn terviewer: Well, I see from your resume , Miss Gree n, that you studied at the uni versity college. How did you find there?Miss Gree n: I had a great time. The teach ing there was

35、 good and I made a lot of frien ds. The psy? chology department was a great place to be. ( Q1)In terviewer: How come you chose psychology?Miss Gree n: Well, at first I did nt have any clear idea of what I wan ted to do after uni versity.I guess Ive just always bee n in terested in people and the way

36、 they act. I wan ted to knowwhy people thi nk and act the way they do. Its a fasci nat ing area.In terviewer: And what was the course like?.Miss Gree n: Good. The teachers were all really nice and they had the special approach to teach ing. You know they did nt just give us lectures and tell us to r

37、ead books like they might do in some more traditional places. The whole course was based on the problem-solving ap? proach. You know they described a pai-ticular situation to us and we discuss what might happe n. And after that we do some readi ng and see if it con firmed our own ideas. Thats whatI

38、liked best the really practical orie ntati on of the course. I lear nt very wellwith that style.So for me, it was just great. ( Q1)In terviewer: I see from your resume that you graduated about four years ago and after that.let me see.Miss Gree n:l got a job with the Departme nt of Employme nt. It wa

39、s only a temporary thi ng for about five mon ths. I was a researcher in the departme nt. We desig n a survey, go out to the factories, and ask all the questions to the workers and the management , then go back to the office, analyze all the data and produce a report. ( Q2) It was quite interesting a

40、nd I guessed the psychology course at college helped me a lot.In terviewer:A nd after that you worked for three years in an Advertis ing Age ncy. That mustbe a bit of cha nge from the Departme nt of Employme nt, was nt it?Miss Gree n: Well, not really. I supposed the office furnishings were a bit mo

41、re sophisticated,but the work was quite, similar. I was basically still doing the same thing desig ningques? tionnaires, going out, asking questions and writing reports. The only differenee was that this time I was nt ask ing people about their work. I was ask ing them what kind of sham? poo they bo

42、ught and if they preferred brand X to brand Y. ( Q3) Then I make up a re? port and the agency would use the information in the advertising campaigns. I enjoyed my work a lot.In terviewer: So why did you decide to leave?Miss Green :.Three years is a long time to be asking people those sorts of questi

43、ons aboutshampoo and drinks. No. Seriously , after two years I was in charge of the research departme nt of the age ncy andhad one assista nt researcher. I guess after two years of doing that, I sup? pose I felt, you kno w, I can do this well. And now I want to do someth ingelse thats a little diffe

44、re nt. And there was no where for me to go in side the compa ny. It just was nt challe nging for me any more and because I n eeded a challe nge, I decided to move on. (Q4) When I heard about the positi on of senior researcher here, I thought thats exactly what I want the cha nee to comb ine my man a

45、geme nt skills and my research in terests working in a much larger department with more varied work.In terviewer: And you felt that the job descripti on and our advertiseme nt would offer you the kind of challe nge youre look ing for?ter ofMiss Gree n:Exactly. Yes. As I said, man ageme nt in a large

46、r orga ni zati on and research comb in ed. Also to be hon est with you, I heard about the job before it was advertised. A friend of mine, who works here, Mark Austen, told me a few weeks ago that you were looking for some one to take over the job. He described the positi on to me in quite a bit of d

47、etail. And I thought, Well, , thats exactly what Im looking for. So really Id written my let?applicati on before the job was even advertised.In terviewer: I should tell you that with the prese nt cutbacks, weve only got one full-time adm ini ster assista nt in the sect ion. How would you feel about

48、doing your own word process ing, photo copy ing, that sort of thi ng?Miss Gree n: Oh, Im used to that. Ive done all my own word process ing for ages. Its the only way to write really , is nt it? I can type well about 60 words a mi nute. I did a secretarial course after I left school, so I learnt typ

49、ing in short hand. Then a few years later, I bought a PC and I lear nt how to do word process ing, too. ( Q5 )In terviewer: Well , thats han dy. Now in the positi on youve applied for , youd have five to six assis? tant researchers responsible to you. Thats considerably more responsibility than youv

50、e had before. So youre obviously ambitious. And as you said, you like challe nge. I was wondering what you see yourself doing in, say, five or ten years on the track.Miss Green:Oh, that is a difficult question. Let me try to answer your question in this way.Im-par?ticularly interested in experimenta

51、l design and also in teaching. Id like to continuethe orga ni zati on and pla nning site of research, but do some teach ing, too. I know that you have lecturers here who do just that sort of thi ng some practical worker and someto be aun? dergraduate and postgraduate teaching. So thats what I really

52、 be aiming forlec? turer here as well. ( Q5 )In terviewer: Well, that is certa inly a career path that wed en courage you to follow. But of course it might be n ecessary to upgrade your prese nt qualificati ons first. I see from your resume that youve enrolled in an M. A. in experimental psychology.

53、 Could you tell me a bit about the courses youre pla nning to fake?SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item 1 (for questions 6 and 7)A man stole a small aircraft at gunpoint Sun day and flew it over dow ntow n Fran kfurt, circli ng skyscrapets and threate ning tp crash into the Europea n Cen tral Bank. He

54、Ian ded safely after abouttwo hours and was arrested.The man told a televisi on statio n he wan ted to call atte nti on to Judith Resnik, a U. S.astr on aut精品文档killed in the 1986 post-lau nch explosi on of the space shuttle Challe nger. ( Q6) Military jets chased the stolen , two-seat motorized glid

55、er as the man began circling slowly above Fran kfurts banking dis? trict. Thousa nds of people were evacuated from the mai n railway statio n, two opera houses and sever?al skyscrapers. Police ide ntified the man as a31-year-old Germa n stude nt from Darmstadt, a city about 25 miles south of Fran kf

56、urt. In radio con tact with air traffic con trollers , the man threate ned to crash into the. Europea n Cen tral Bank headquarters uni ess he was allowed the TV in terview as well as a call to Baltimore. ( Q7 ) He later said he wan ted to commit suicide by plunging the pla ne into theMaine River. It

57、 was unclear if the man was forced to land or talked down. Air trafficcon trollers and a police psychologist had bee n in con tact with him.News Item 2 (for questio n 8)Shan ghai pla ns to build a vast un dergro und n etwork of malls , restaura nts and park ing lots to make up for a lack of space ab

58、ove ground accord ing to a recent gover nment report. ( Q8 )The developme nt will cover 600,000 square meters , the equivale nt of 120 soccer fields, spread across four un dergr ound floors, the city gover nment reported on its website. The city is accepting bids from builders. Shanghai has about 20 million people , plus factories , office towers and high-rise apartments , crowded into a small triang