中国货币的简史与发展 加入SDRppt课件

1、The history and development of Chinese currency1;.2Definition A generally accepted form of money, including coins and paper notes, which is issued by a government and circulated within an economy. Used as a medium of exchange for goods and services, currency is the basis for trade.Currency3Ancient C

2、urrencyChina is one of the countries where money was used earliest in the world. After Qin Dynasty unified the country, official metal money was cast of Bronze circular in shape with a square hole through the center. This kind of bronze coins had been used in China for over 2000 years until up to So

3、ng Dynasty when earliest paper money in the world appeared. 4Over 3000 years ago, China began to use shells as money which was also called cowries.In antiquity, people used shells for exchange.Cowries Cowries ( (贝币贝币) )5 In the 11th century BC, the bronze was found to be more durable than shells and

4、 also convenient carry and collect, so bronze coins were cast in imitation of seashells. Bronze coins in later periods roughly fall into four types: spade coins(布币), knife coins(刀币), round coins(环币) and yibi cowries(蚁鼻币). 6Spade coins of the Warring States Period （战国布币）Half tael coins of Qin Dynasty

5、 (秦代半两铜币)7Spade coins in the period of Wangmang (王莽布币)Yibi cowries in the shape of ants creeping on the nose (楚国蚁鼻钱)8Knife coins9These are one kind of ancient Chinese bronze coins with a weight of five Zhu (about 3.33 gram) and two Chinese characters “五铢” cast on the face. The casting of Wu Zhu coin

6、s began in the year of 118 BC and it had circulated for over 700 years because it had a proper size and convenient weight.1011Tong Bao is the name of one kind of ancient Chinese bronze coins which were first used in Tang Dynasty and lasted over 300 years as the main currency. Kaiyuan Tong Bao refers

7、 to the bronze coins that were cast in the beginning years of Tang Dynasty.1213In Qing Dynasty, each emperor had a reign title and the coins cast were named after the reign title of the emperor on the throne. Xianfeng was the reign title of one emperor in Qing Dynasty, and the coins cast in his reig

8、n were called Xianfeng Tong Bao.14Coins of Xianfeng Tong Bao15Jiaozi was a kind of paper money used earliest in China and also in the world. It was first issued by wealthy businessmen in Chengdu, Sichuan Province in the early years of Northern Song Dynasty (from about 998 to 1022) , and then in the

9、year of 1023, began to be printed and issued by the government. This kind of paper money, more convenient in use than metal currency, was circulated in markets and could also be exchanged with silver money.16Jiaozi: the worlds first known paper moneyJiaozi: the worlds first known paper money17 In th

10、e late years if Qing Dynasty, Viceroy Zhang Zhidong who administered Guangdong and Guangxi made a kind of Chinese silver dollar coins with machine. With a dragon design cast on one side, they were also called Longyang (Dragon Silver Dollar Coins)18Longyang(龙洋)19Modern CurrencyRenminbi (RMB) is the l

11、egal currency of PRC, issued by the Peoples Bank of China. It has comprehensively reflected the political, economic and cultural characteristics in different historical periods of China and has the reputation of “Identity Card” of the state. Form the year of 1948 till now, five series of RMB have be

12、en issued. New China currencyThe lawful currency of the Peoples Republic of China is the RMB, and the unit is Yuan.There has already implemented five sets of RMB,and it is to be a currency system of paper, metal, general and precious metal souvenir coin and so on. 20;.21The sample of No.1 series of

13、RMB paper notes 22The sample of No.2 series of RMB paper notes23The sample of No.3 series of RMB paper notes24The sample of No.4 series of RMB paper notes25The sample of No.5 series of RMB paper notes26Function of moneyGenerally, economists have defined fifth types of functions of money which are as

14、 follows: (i) Medium of exchange(ii) Measurement of value;(iii) Standard of deferred payments (iv) Store of value (v) World Currency.These first four functions of money have been summed up in a couplet which says: Money is a matter of functions four, a medium, a measure, a standard and a store. The

15、fifth function world currency is derived from medium of exchange.Medium of exchange : Money acts as a medium of exchange as its generally accepted. On the payment of money, purchase of goods and services can be madeThe World currency is along with the development of commodity production and exchange

16、.When the commodity exchange beyond national boundaries as the international trades, currency as reflecting form of value, has become a worldwide universal equivalent of commodity, that is world currency.27Chinese Currency and SDRThe IMFs decision will eventually put the yuan alongside the dollar, e

17、uro, pound and yen in the funds reserve-currency basket, with the IMF giving more weight to Chinas currency than to either the yen or pound.But while the decision is a boost for Chinas national self-esteem, it isnt likely to drive a huge surge in yuan buying. Nor is there much threat the yuan as the

18、 worlds preeminent reserve currency, especially given Chinas many political and economic challenges.China will speed up the effort to promote financial reforms and opening.The move will help pave the way for broader use of the renminbi in trade and finance, securing Chinas standing as a global econo

19、mic power.28Conclusion The Renminbi marches towards internationalization The effect of high-speed political, economic and cultural development is that Chinas status in international society is constantly rising, and China is engaging more frequently in cultural and economic exchange and cooperation with other nations of the world. SDR inclusion could be interpreted as international recognition of Chinas increased economic importance and role in global financial markets.Every IMF member holds at least some SDRs. Thus, the yuan become freely us