假設語氣Hypotheticalmood

1、假設語氣假設語氣假設語氣乍看之下有點困難假設語氣乍看之下有點困難可是只要搞懂了可是只要搞懂了 就會無敵唷就會無敵唷專心聽講專心聽講! 加油加油!與與 現在事實相反現在事實相反 的假設的假設l他如果有錢他如果有錢,他就會買這幢房子他就會買這幢房子if he _ rich, he _ the house.l我如果有時間就要去學法文我如果有時間就要去學法文if i _ time, i _ french.連接詞從屬子句主要子句ifs + were / veds + would + 原原vwerewould buyhadwould study與與 現在事實相反現在事實相反 的假設句中的假設句中bebe動

2、詞的用法動詞的用法lbe動詞不論人稱一律使用wereif i _ a bird, i _ (fly).if you _ here, you _(know) it.if he _ rich, he _(help) you.werewerewerecould flywould knowwould helpquiz quiz 抄題抄題1.if i _(know) his address, i _(write) to him.2.if i _(be) a college student, how happy i _(be).3.if i _(be) you, i _(go) to the party

3、with you.4.if may _(be) here, she _(help) us.5.if i _(have) time, i _(study) french.answer answer 一格一格1010分分1.if i knew his address, i would write to him.2.if i were a college student, how happy i would be.3.if i were you, i would go to the party with you.4.if may were here, she would help us.5.if i

4、 had time, i would study french.與與 過去事實相反過去事實相反 的假設的假設l他如果當時用功他如果當時用功,他可能已經得了獎學金他可能已經得了獎學金if he _ hard, he _the scholarship.l如果當時接受你的忠告如果當時接受你的忠告,我可能會快樂些我可能會快樂些if i _ your advice, i _happier.連接詞從屬子句主要子句ifs + had p.p.s + would have p.p.had studiedcould have wonhad takenmight have been在在if if子句裡動詞用子句裡

5、動詞用had+p.p.had+p.p.時時, ,主要子句的動主要子句的動詞一定用詞一定用s+would+have+p.p.s+would+have+p.p.嗎？嗎？l若是與過去事實相反的假設語氣用法，主要子句要若是與過去事實相反的假設語氣用法，主要子句要用用would have p.p. , 但但主要子句的意思是和現在有主要子句的意思是和現在有關則改為關則改為would+原原v 與過去事實相反與過去事實相反 與現在事實相反與現在事實相反l如果他當初接受醫生的勸告如果他當初接受醫生的勸告 他現在就不會生病了他現在就不會生病了if he _ the doctors advice, he _ ill

6、 now.l假如我以前努力讀書假如我以前努力讀書 我現在就是大學生了我現在就是大學生了if i _ hard before, i _ a college student now.had taken wouldnt be had studied would beif if子句中子句中hadhad和和had hadhad had有何區別有何區別? ?lif s + had表與表與現在現在事實相反事實相反, 主要子句主要子句為為s + would + 原原vlif s + had had表與表與過去過去事實相反事實相反, 主要主要子句為子句為s + would have p.p.l假如我有足夠時間假

7、如我有足夠時間 我會和你去我會和你去if i _ enough time, i _ with you.l假如我當時有足夠的時間假如我當時有足夠的時間 我會和你去我會和你去if i _ enough time, i _ with you.would have gonewould gohad hadhad 與【未來事實相反】的假設與【未來事實相反】的假設l絕不可能的假設絕不可能的假設if + s + were to + 原原v, s + would + 原原v就算太陽從西邊出來就算太陽從西邊出來 我也不會改變我的心意我也不會改變我的心意if the sun _ in the west, i _ m

8、y mind.l可能性極小的假設可能性極小的假設if + s + should + 原原v, s + would + 原原v萬一我失敗萬一我失敗 我會再做一次我會再做一次if i _, i _ it again.萬一明天下雨萬一明天下雨 野餐就會被取消野餐就會被取消if it _ tomorrow, the picnic _.were to risewouldnt changeshould failwould doshould rainwill be cancelledquiz quiz 抄題抄題1.if he _(come) to the gate last night, i _(give)

9、 him his letter.2.if he _(study) hard, he _(win) the prize.3.if it _(not rain) so hard yesterday, we _(go) to tainan.4.if i _(have) enough money then, i _(go) with you.5. if i _(fail), i _(do) it again.answer answer 一格一格1010分分1.if he had come to the gate last night, i would have given him his letter

10、.2.if he hadstudied hard, he would have won the prize.3.if it had not rained so hard yesterday, we would have gone to tainan.4.if i had had enough money then, i would have gone with you.5. if i should fail, i would do it again.有有if if就是假設句用法嗎？就是假設句用法嗎？lno有些是有些是 有些不是（不是的為條件用法）有些不是（不是的為條件用法）如何分辨條件句與假設

11、句？如何分辨條件句與假設句？l假設句的動詞為過去式動詞假設句的動詞為過去式動詞條件句動詞非過去式條件句動詞非過去式if s + 現在式現在式v., s + will/can/may + 原原vif s + 現在式現在式v,命令句命令句if it _(rain) tomorrow, they _ (come).if peter _(come), we _(happy).if he _(come), _(tell) him to wait.rainswill not comecomescomeswill be happytell省略省略if if的假設法的假設法 i. i. 與現在事實相反的假設與

12、現在事實相反的假設lifs + were + adj/n, s + would + 原原v= were s adj/n , s + would + 原原vif i were young, i would learn to ski.= _.were i young, i would learn to ski.省略省略if if的假設法的假設法ii. ii. 與過去事實相反的假設與過去事實相反的假設lif s + had p.p. , s + would have p.p.= had s + p.p. , s + would have p.p.if i had been there, i woul

13、d have helped you.=_had i been there, i would have helped you.省略省略if if的假設法的假設法iii.iii.與未來事實相反的假設與未來事實相反的假設lif + s + should + 原原v, s + would + 原原v= should + s + 原原v, s + would + 原原vif it should rain, they would not come.=_should it rain, they would not come.表【但願】的假設法表【但願】的假設法li wish + 假設語氣表假設語氣表不可能實

14、現的願望不可能實現的願望i wish (that) s + were / 過去式過去式v 現在現在 不能實現的願望不能實現的願望i wish (that) s + had p.p. 過去過去 不能實現的願望不能實現的願望表【但願】的假設法表【但願】的假設法l但願我很有錢但願我很有錢i wish i _(am) rich.l但願我能飛但願我能飛i wish i _(fly).l但願我知道怎麼做它但願我知道怎麼做它i wish i _(know) how to do it.l但願我去年在紐約但願我去年在紐約i wish i _(am) in new york last year.l我們但願他昨天沒

15、遺失它我們但願他昨天沒遺失它we wish he _(lose) it yesterday.werecould flyknewhad been hadnt lost表【好像】的假設法表【好像】的假設法as if + s + were/過去式過去式v 與現在事實相反與現在事實相反as if + s + had p.p. 與過去事實相反與過去事實相反l他的談吐好像他是個醫生他的談吐好像他是個醫生he talks as if he _ a doctor.l他說話的樣子好像他昨天以知道這個消息他說話的樣子好像他昨天以知道這個消息he talks as if he _ the news yesterda

16、y.werehad known表【該是表【該是的時候了】的假設法的時候了】的假設法 timelit is about time (that) s + 過去式過去式v/ should v high time該是我們回家的時候了該是我們回家的時候了it is time (that) _.it is time (that) _.it is time for us to go home.we went homewe should go homequiz quiz 抄題抄題1.i wish i _(can) play musical instrument(樂器樂器).2.i wish that i _(

17、not waste) my time when i was young.3.this machine can pull up trees as if they _(be) weeds.4.he talks as if he _(know) the knews last night.5.it is time that we _(go) home.answer answer 一題一題2020分分1.i wish i could play musical instrument(樂樂器器).2.i wish that i hadnt waste my time when i was young.3.t

18、his machine can pull up trees as if they were weeds.4.he talks as if he had known the news last night.5.it is time that we went home.表【要求、建議】動詞表【要求、建議】動詞+that+that子句的假設法子句的假設法linsist that s + (should) +原原v/ be p.p.醫生堅持要他戒煙醫生堅持要他戒煙the doctor insisted that he _.他們提議說他應一個人去做他們提議說他應一個人去做they suggested that he _ alone.我提議這會議應延期我提議這會議應延期i move that the meeting _.stop smokingdo itbe postponedwithout/ but for(without/ but for(若非若非, ,要不是要不是) )亦可用來表示假設法亦可用來表示假設法l若無你的幫助若無你的幫助 他會失敗的他會