状语从句公开课课件

1、状语从句公开课1状语从句状语从句 状语从句公开课21. 什么是状语：什么是状语：在句中用来修饰动词、形容词、副词在句中用来修饰动词、形容词、副词的成分被称为状语。如：的成分被称为状语。如：he works very hard.he is real handsome.2.什么是状语从句：什么是状语从句：用作状语的句子被称为状语从句。用作状语的句子被称为状语从句。 really状语从句公开课3 1.adverbial clauses of time: （时间状语从句）3.different kinds of adverbial clauses: 2.adverbial clauses of rea

2、son (原因状语从句） 3.adverbial clauses of conditions (条件状语从句） 4.adverbial clauses of place (地点状语从句） 5.adverbial clauses of purpose (目的状语从句） 6.adverbial clauses of result （结果状语从句） 7.adverbial clauses of comparison（比较状语从句） 8.adverbial clauses of concession (让步状语从句） 9.adverb clauses of manner (方式状语从句 )状语从句公开

3、课44. 位置位置 ： 主前从后亲密没够，主前从后亲密没够，从前主后得有小逗，从前主后得有小逗，从在主中需俩逗逗。从在主中需俩逗逗。i was reading a book when he came in.when he came in, i was reading a book.i was, when he came in, reading a book.状语从句公开课5时间状语从句时间状语从句when while as before aftertill/until sinceas soon as普普通通连连词词特特殊殊连连词词the momentthe minutethe secondth

4、e instantevery/each timenext timeany timeby the timethe first timeimmediatelydirectlyinstantly状语从句公开课6when 的用法的用法when 即可以引导一个持续性动作，又可引到一即可以引导一个持续性动作，又可引到一个短暂行动作。可用以表示主从句动作同时发生个短暂行动作。可用以表示主从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句。或从句动作先于主句。 (从句动词可延续也可非延续从句动词可延续也可非延续) i was thin when i was a child. the film had been on when

5、 we arrived.状语从句公开课72. be about to do when be doing when be on ones way when be on the point of doing when had just done when以上句式中的以上句式中的“when”译为译为“这时或那时这时或那时”不不可以用其它连词替换。可以用其它连词替换。 the telephone was ringing when i got home. i was about to go to bed when he came back.状语从句公开课8we were just _ calling h

6、im up _ he came in. about ; when b. on the point of ; while c. on the point of ; when a.d. on the point of ; as i was walking down the street while i heardsomeone calling for help.when状语从句公开课9 3. when 还以引导条件状语从句相还以引导条件状语从句相当于当于if how can i explain it to you when / if you wont listen.when you read it

7、 again, the meaning will become clearer to you.状语从句公开课10while 的用法的用法 1. 必须引导持续性动作，强调在一段时必须引导持续性动作，强调在一段时间内，主句和从句动作同时发生。间内，主句和从句动作同时发生。my mother was cooking while i was doing my homework.please dont talk so loud while others are working. 状语从句公开课11 2. “然而然而” 表示对比。表示对比。i like watching tv while he likes

8、 reading. 3. 引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句 “ 虽然、尽管虽然、尽管”while i admit his good points, i can see his shortcomings.尽管我承认他的优点，但我还是看到了他的缺点。尽管我承认他的优点，但我还是看到了他的缺点。4. 引导条件状语从句引导条件状语从句 “只要只要”while we are here, dont worry.状语从句公开课12as 的的引导引导时间状语时间状语从句的用法从句的用法 “随着随着” “一边一边一边一边”1. “当当” 强调动作同时发生，无先后强调动作同时发生，无先后状语从句公开课13.1.

9、as i get older, i get more optimistic.随着年龄的增长，我变得更加乐观。随着年龄的增长，我变得更加乐观。2. he hurried home, looking behind as he went.他匆匆忙忙回家，边走边往后看。他匆匆忙忙回家，边走边往后看。3. as he was going out, it began to rain.当他出去时开始下雨了。当他出去时开始下雨了。状语从句公开课14“as”可以引导的其它状语从句：可以引导的其它状语从句： young as he is ,he knows a lot. （ 让步）让步） as he wasnt

10、ready in time, we went without him. （原因）（原因） do as i told you. / do as you like. （ 方式方式 ） he is as old as i /me. （ 比较比较 ）状语从句公开课15 连接词连接词when, while, as的用法区别：的用法区别：1while引导的时间状语引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词从句的谓语动词必须是必须是可延续可延续的，的， 而而when引导的时间状语引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词从句的谓语动词是是可延续可延续的，也的，也可以是可以是非延续的动词非延续的动词。如：。如：when/while he

11、 was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.when i stopped my car, a man came up to me. 2从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用when引导这个引导这个 从句，不可用从句，不可用as或或while。 如：如： when you have finished your work, you may have a rest.3表示表示“随着随着,一边一边一边一边”，连词用，连词用as. 如：如：as the election approached, the vi

12、olence got worse.4如果如果主句谓动主句谓动是是非延续性非延续性的，而的，而从句谓动从句谓动是是延续性延续性动词并使用动词并使用进进行时态行时态时，时，when, while与与as 可互换使用。可互换使用。如：如：when/while/as i was walking down the street, i came across an old friend of mine.状语从句公开课16问题问题1:1. (04北京春北京春) we were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. a. when b. whil

13、e c. until d. before2. (02上海上海) he was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. a. as b. until c. whiled. when3. (05上海上海) he transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. a. where b. when c. thatd. until4. (05福建福建) did jack come back early last ni

14、ght? yes. it was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. a. before b. when c. that d. until （注：句型：（注：句型：it is/was + 点时间点时间+when从句）从句）a ad db bb b状语从句公开课17问题问题2:6. (06天津天津) the cost of living in glasgow is among the lowest in britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. a. since b.

15、when c. as d. while7. (04年江苏年江苏) _ i accept that he is not perfect, i do actually like the person. a. while b. since c. before d. unless8. (06辽宁辽宁) he was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. a. why b. where c. when d. whiled da ac c状语从句公开课18before 的多种翻译方式：的多种翻译方式： 在在之

16、前之前 2.在在it +be+短时间短时间+before句型中句型中 主句是肯定句式时：主句是肯定句式时：“ （多久之后多久之后）才）才 ” 主句是否定句式时：主句是否定句式时： “（过不了多久过不了多久）就就” 3. “还没来得及，就还没来得及，就”1. 4. “趁趁” 状语从句公开课19before before they got to the bus stop, the they got to the bus stop, the bus had gone. bus had gone. 在在.之前之前it will be 5 yearsit will be 5 years beforebe

17、fore he returns he returns to his motherland. to his motherland. 多久之后才多久之后才we waited a long timewe waited a long time beforebefore he came he came out.out. 多久之后才多久之后才4. it wont be long 4. it wont be long before before we meet we meet again.again. 过不了多久就过不了多久就5. he died 5. he died beforebefore he wro

18、te a will. he wrote a will. 还没来还没来得及得及6. catch him 6. catch him before before he escapes. he escapes. 趁着趁着7. please write it down 7. please write it down beforebefore you you forget it.forget it. 趁着趁着状语从句公开课20 1. (031. (03年北京年北京) he made a mistake, but then he) he made a mistake, but then he correct

19、ed the situation _ corrected the situation _ it got worse. it got worse. a. until a. until b. when b. when c. before c. befored. d. asas 2. (042. (04福建福建) scientists say it may be five or six ) scientists say it may be five or six yearsyears _ _ it is possible to test this medicine it is possible to

20、 test this medicine on on human patients. human patients. a. since a. since b. after b. after c. before c. before d. d. whenwhen 3. (063. (06四川四川) )why didnt you tell him about thewhy didnt you tell him about the meeting? meeting? he rushed out of the room_he rushed out of the room_i could say ai co

21、uld say a word. word. a. before b. until a. before b. until c. whenc. whend. afterd. afterc cc ca a状语从句公开课21till, untiltill, until和和notuntilnotuntil：1.1.主句是主句是肯定句肯定句时，时，主句的动词必是主句的动词必是延续性动词延续性动词，表示，表示“主句动作或状态一直持续到从句动词发生才停止主句动作或状态一直持续到从句动词发生才停止”。从。从句引导词是句引导词是 till/untiltill/until都行。如：都行。如： we we waite

22、dwaited until/till he until/till he camecame. . 2 2主句是主句是否定句否定句时，时，主句谓语动词主句谓语动词是非延续性动词是非延续性动词，表示，表示“主句动作直到从句动词发生才开始主句动作直到从句动词发生才开始”，从句引导词通常，从句引导词通常用用untiluntil。如：。如： he he wont go to bedwont go to bed until she until she returnsreturns. .3 3tilltill不可以置于句首，而不可以置于句首，而untiluntil可以。如：可以。如： until you to

23、ld me i had no idea of it.until you told me i had no idea of it.4 4notuntilnotuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法：句型中的强调和倒装说法：not untilnot until you told me you told me did idid i have any idea of it. have any idea of it. it wasit was not untilnot until you told me you told me thatthat i had any idea i had any idea of

24、 it. of it. 倒装倒装 状语从句公开课221. (031. (03北京春北京春) ) was his father very strict with was his father very strict with him whenhim when he was at school? he was at school? yes. he had never praised him _ he yes. he had never praised him _ he becamebecame one of the top students in his grade. one of the top

25、 students in his grade. a. after a. after b. unless c. until b. unless c. until d. when d. when2. (032. (03上海上海) a good storyteller must be able to ) a good storyteller must be able to holdhold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the end of the story. sto

26、ry. a. when b. unless c. after d. a. when b. unless c. after d. untiluntil3. it was not _ she took off her dark 3. it was not _ she took off her dark glassesglasses _ i realized she was a famous film star. _ i realized she was a famous film star. a. when; that a. when; that b. until; that b. until;

27、that c. until; when c. until; when d. when; then d. when; thenc cd db b状语从句公开课23since 的用法 since + since + 时间时间since then since then ever since ever since it is/has been + it is/has been + 时间段时间段 since didsince did译为译为 “既然既然”时引导原因状从时引导原因状从主句谓动用现在完成主句谓动用现在完成时，从句谓动用一般时，从句谓动用一般过去时，译为过去时，译为 “自从自从”状语从句公开课

28、24mr li mr li has been herehas been here since 1998. since 1998. mr li mr li has been herehas been here since he came back. since he came back.its/has beenits/has been two years since we two years since we arrived arrived here.here.it is three years since heit is three years since he lived lived her

29、e. here. 他他不在不在这儿住三年了。这儿住三年了。it is two years since he it is two years since he smokedsmoked . . 他他不吸烟不吸烟已有两年了。已有两年了。 it is two years since he it is two years since he began to smokebegan to smoke. . 他吸烟有两年了。他吸烟有两年了。状语从句公开课25b bd d1. 1. （0505北京春北京春) it is almost five years _ we ) it is almost five ye

30、ars _ we saw each other last time.saw each other last time. a. before b. since a. before b. since c. after c. after d. because d. because 2. that was really a splendid evening. its 2. that was really a splendid evening. its years _ i enjoyed myself so much.years _ i enjoyed myself so much.when b. th

31、at c. before d. sincewhen b. that c. before d. since3. -what about a cigarette?what about a cigarette? -_. its 3weeks since i smoked. -_. its 3weeks since i smoked.a.a. a. yes, please b. no, thanksa. yes, please b. no, thanksb b状语从句公开课26as soon asthe momentthe minutethe secondthe instantimmediatelyd

32、irectlyinstantlyno sooner thanhardly/scarcelywhen可以译为可以译为 “一一就就”的连词的连词状语从句公开课271. 1. as soon asas soon as he arrives, i will tell him. he arrives, i will tell him.2. 2. the momentthe moment i saw him, i recognized him. i saw him, i recognized him.3. i left3. i left immediately immediately the clock

33、struck 5.the clock struck 5.4. i had hardly got home when it began to rain.4. i had hardly got home when it began to rain.=hardly had i=hardly had i got home got home whenwhen it began to rain. it began to rain.5.5. i had no sooner got home than it began to i had no sooner got home than it began to

34、rain.rain.=no sooner had=no sooner had i i got home got home thanthan it began to rain. it began to rain. 时态、搭配、倒装时态、搭配、倒装 状语从句公开课28问题问题3:1. (01北京春北京春)did you remember to give mary the money you owed her? yes. i gave it to her _ i saw her. a. whileb. the moment c. suddenlyd. once2. (1998上海上海) i thou

35、ght her nice and honest _ i met her. a. first time b. for the first time c. the first timed. by the first time3. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. a. he hardly had b. had he hardly c. hardly had hed. hardly he had b bc cc c状语从句公开课29一些含有一些含有timetime的名词短语可以引导时间状语的

36、名词短语可以引导时间状语1. 1. next timenext time you come, please bring your you come, please bring your compositioncomposition2. the first time2. the first time i climbed onto the wall, i i climbed onto the wall, i felt nervous.felt nervous.3. you are welcome to come back 3. you are welcome to come back any ti

37、meany time you you want to .want to .4. the truck will have arrived 4. the truck will have arrived by the timeby the time you you have all the things packed up.have all the things packed up.5. by the time5. by the time he arrived, the train he arrived, the train had already had already gonegone. .时态

38、时态 状语从句公开课30二。二。 地点状语从句地点状语从句状语从句公开课31地点状语从句有where, wherever引导。1. we must camp where we can get water.2. i will follow you wherever you go.3. where there is a river, there is a city.4. i will go where he went.5. i will stay with you wherever he goes.状语从句公开课322. 地点状语从句 (2009年高考山东卷年高考山东卷)the little gi

39、rl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.那个迷路的小女孩决定那个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她母亲。待在原地等她母亲。地点状语从句常见的连词有：1. where 在地方，2. wherever 无论在地方，(1) make a mark -you have problems.(2) i will find him - he may be.wherewherever状语从句公开课333地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。where theres a w

40、ill，theres a way.有志者事竟成。有志者事竟成。where(ver)theres plenty of sun and rain，the fields are green.哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。地点状语从句和定语从句的区别。go back where you came from.go back to the place where you came .状语从句公开课34【例26】 _ he is，he will be thinking of his girlfriend. a.what b.where c.whether d.d

41、.wherever【例27】 she found her calculator _ she lost it. a.that b.b.where c.in which d.when【例28】 this is the factory _ her mother worked last year a.that b.b.where c.c.in which d.wherever状语从句公开课35三。三。 原因状语从句原因状语从句状语从句公开课36引导原因状语从句的连词引导原因状语从句的连词引导词语气位置意义because(in that) 语气最强主句之前或后“因为”直接原因，可以 回答why,可以置于

42、强调句型中since(now that)语气较弱主句之前“ 既然”众所周知的原因，人们达成一致的事实as语气最弱主句之前或后“由于”双方已知的较明显的原因for并列连词语气较弱逗号后面补充说明的理由 considering /seeing (that) “鉴于，考虑到鉴于，考虑到“，也可引导原因状语从句也可引导原因状语从句状语从句公开课37because because 表示原因是语气最强，经常表示听者未知的原因表示原因是语气最强，经常表示听者未知的原因. .即可以回答即可以回答whywhy的提问，又可以放在强调句型中成为的提问，又可以放在强调句型中成为被强调的部分。被强调的部分。i cant

43、 go, i cant go, because because im ill.im ill.he failed he failed because because he was too careful.he was too careful.it isit is because you are lazy because you are lazy thatthat you have lost the you have lost the job.job.状语从句公开课38 because1)the ship changed its course because there was a storm.t

44、he ship changed its course because of the storm.2)because he was ill,he didnt go to school. he was ill ,so he didnt go to school.being ill, he didnt go to school.状语从句公开课39i didnt help him i didnt help him not becausenot because i was i was unwilling, unwilling, but becausebut because i was unable to

45、 do it i was unable to do it. . ( (不是因为不是因为而是因为而是因为)2. you should notnot laugh at him becausebecause he is poor 3.the country is notnot strong becausebecause it is big. （不因就）状语从句公开课40sincesince 引导的语气次于引导的语气次于becausebecause，表示稍加分析后推，表示稍加分析后推断出的原因，或指的是人们达成一致的事实。断出的原因，或指的是人们达成一致的事实。“ 既然，既然，鉴于鉴于”常放于句首。常

46、放于句首。since no one is against it, lets carry out the since no one is against it, lets carry out the plan.plan.as as 语气最弱，其原因只是对结果的附带说明。一般放语气最弱，其原因只是对结果的附带说明。一般放句首。句首。as he wasnt ready in time, we went without him.as he wasnt ready in time, we went without him.状语从句公开课41forfor 属于并列连词，但不能直接说明原因，而是对属于并列连

47、词，但不能直接说明原因，而是对某种情况加以推断用于表示补充说明的理由。常放某种情况加以推断用于表示补充说明的理由。常放于句末。于句末。he must be ill, for he is absent today.he must be ill, for he is absent today.the spring is coming, for the birds are the spring is coming, for the birds are singing.singing.now thatnow that 用了说明一种新的情况，然后加以推用了说明一种新的情况，然后加以推论，位于句首，论，位

48、于句首，that that 可省略。可省略。“ 既然，鉴于既然，鉴于”now (that) everybody is here, lets begin.now (that) everybody is here, lets begin.状语从句公开课42seeing (that) ; considering seeing (that) ; considering (that )(that )seeing / considering (thatseeing / considering (that ) ) he is so young, he is so young, that is excusab

49、le (that is excusable (可原谅的）可原谅的）鉴于鉴于他如此年轻，这是可以原谅的。他如此年轻，这是可以原谅的。状语从句公开课431.this was _ she was absent from school.2.that was _ she was ill yesterday.3. the reason _ she couldnt finish her homework is not_she forgot to do her homework, but _ she was busy nursing a sick classmate.4.how can he get good

50、 grades when he wont study? whybecausewhythatthatwhen “既然既然” 表示原因表示原因状语从句公开课44四。四。 目的状语从句目的状语从句状语从句公开课45 引导目的状语的连词有引导目的状语的连词有so; so that; in order so; so that; in order that; in case; for fear that;lestthat; in case; for fear that;lest目的状语从目的状语从句中的谓语动词通常使用情态动词句中的谓语动词通常使用情态动词can, could, may, can, cou

51、ld, may, might, should, wouldmight, should, wouldwe sit nearer the front we sit nearer the front so (that)so (that) we we can can hear hear better. better. come early come early in order that / so thatin order that / so that you you cancan see see him.him.he put his money in the safe he put his mone

52、y in the safe for fear thatfor fear that it it should should be stolen. (be stolen. (他把钱放在保险箱里他把钱放在保险箱里生怕生怕/ /以防以防被盗被盗) )1.1. he runs fast he runs fast in order to / so as toin order to / so as to arrive arrive there early.there early.状语从句公开课46.take an umbrella take an umbrella in casein case it rai

53、ns. it rains.（以防）（以防）it may not rain, but youd better take an it may not rain, but youd better take an umbrella umbrella in case.in case.（以防万一）（以防万一）take an umbrella take an umbrella in case of rainin case of rain.(.(介词介词 ）in case in case 后的从句使用后的从句使用一般现在时一般现在时表示将来，或使用表示将来，或使用一般过去时一般过去时表示过去将来，也可用表示过

54、去将来，也可用情态动词情态动词， 或或者从句中使用者从句中使用should, shouldshould, should也可以省略。也可以省略。take an umbrella in case take an umbrella in case it rains.it rains.he left early in case he he left early in case he (should)(should) miss the last miss the last train.train.他动身很早以防误了最后一班火车。他动身很早以防误了最后一班火车。状语从句公开课47五五 。结果状语从句。结果

55、状语从句 状语从句公开课48结果状语从句连词：结果状语从句连词：so that ; such that; so that ; such that; so that so that1. she was 1. she was soso happy happy thatthat she cried . she cried .2. she worked very hard, 2. she worked very hard, soso thatthat she became she became rich in a very short timerich in a very short time.(.(

56、她努力工作很快就致富她努力工作很快就致富了。了。) )3. he made3. he made such such an excellent speech an excellent speech that that everyone admired him.everyone admired him.so so 为副词，修饰形容词，副词，为副词，修饰形容词，副词，such such 为形容词，修饰名词。为形容词，修饰名词。状语从句公开课49so + adj. so + adj. so + adj. + a/an + so + adj. + a/an + 单单n.n.so + so + many/

57、fewmany/few+ + 复数复数n.+ thatn.+ thatso +so +much/littlemuch/little（多少）（多少）+ + 不可数不可数n. +that n. +that such +a/an +adj. + such +a/an +adj. + 单单n.+ that n.+ that such +adj. +such +adj. +复数复数n.+ thatn.+ thatsuch +adj. + such +adj. + 不可数不可数n. + thatn. + that状语从句公开课50he was he was so honest thatso honest

58、that we all trust him. we all trust him.he was he was such an honest man thatsuch an honest man that we all trust him. we all trust him.there was there was so so much much work thatwork that we couldnt finish we couldnt finish it.it.there were there were so so manymany people people that we couldnt

59、get that we couldnt get in.in.it was it was such such nice nice weatherweather that that we want to go out. we want to go out.so that.; such that so that.; such that 句型中，句型中，so ,such so ,such 位于位于句首，句首，主句须部分倒装主句须部分倒装so terrible was the stormso terrible was the storm that some houses were that some h

60、ouses were destroyeddestroyed.suchsuch is the power of the tv that it makes a person famous in one night.状语从句公开课51结果状语的表达方式1. he is clever and honest, _all of us like him.(make)2. i hurried to the airport, only _that my friend had gone already. (tell)3. tooto （太而不能） enough to（达到某种程度可以） soas to (那么以至