初中名词专项(共6页)

1、知识点：1、 名词 1、 定义：分为专有名词和普通名词2、 可数名词的单复数形式一般情况直接加s，例如book-books，pen-pens以s、x、sh、ch结尾的单词加es，例如watch-watches，bus-buses以o结尾的单词分两种：有生命加es，例如potato-potatoes，tomato-tomatoes，hero-heroes；无生命加s，例如piano-pianos，photo-photos以f或fe结尾单词，去f，fe为ves，例如leaf-leaves，wolf-wolves，life-lives，wife-wives以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，改y为i，再加es

2、，例如baby-babies不规则a、 单复数形式一样：dear，deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japaneseb、 其他形式：child-children，foot-feet，tooth-teeth，man-men，woman-womenc、 German-Germans3、 不可数名词（常见的不可数名词有bread，rice，water，information，room，news，food，work，milk，ice等等） 修饰不可数名词some，much，a little，a bit of， a lot of如果不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：The news

3、 is surprising.如果用and连接两个不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 例如：Time and money are precious.4、 名词所有格定义：在英语中有些名词可以加"s"来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，例如：a teacher's book名词所有格的规则如下：单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s也要加"'s"，例如：the boy's bag，Children's Day，men's room名词已有复数词尾s,只加 '

4、;，例如： Teachers' Day，worker's struggle凡不能加"'s"的名词，都可以用"名词+of+名词"的结构来表示所有关系，例如the title of the song，a picture of family在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,如: the barber's理发店如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示分别有；若只有一个's，则表示共有。例如：John' s and Mary's room(两间)， John

5、 and Mary 's room(一间)复合名词或短语，'s加在最后一个词的词尾，例如：a mother or twos absence双重所有格 例如：a friend of mine/hers/his/theirs，a friend of Mary's friend5、 专有名词（专有名词的第一个字母必须大写）表示特定的人名、地名、国家、事物或机构的名称，还有时间和季节例如：Jim，Tom，Mary，Smith，China，London，January，February，March，April，May，June，July，August，September，Octo

6、ber，November，December课堂练习：1、 写出下列名词的复数形式map（ ） bed（ ） bag（ ） box（ ） brush（ ） peach（ ） sandwish（ ） watch（ ） bus（ ） diary（ ） day（ ）strawberry（ ） baby（ ） century（ ） city（ ） leaf（ ）thief（ ） knife（ ） wife（ ） zoo（ ） mango（ ） man（ ） woman（ ） child（ ） deer（ ） Chinese（ ） German（ ）Englishman（ ）2、 填空题1、 Are th

7、ere two (box) on the table?2、 I can see some (people )in the cinema.3、 How many (day )are there in a week.4、 There are five (bottle )of (ice).5、 This (violin )is hers. Those (grape )are over.6、 There are two (watch) over there. 7、 I like taking (photo）8、 I can see a and two standing there. (man, wom

8、an) 9、 There are two baskets of on the floor.(apple) 10、 Look at those （child）11、 How many can you see.(radio)12、 There are more and more drivers in Shanghai now.(woman)3、 选择题1、 I have read sports news today.A. two B. pieces C. two piecesD. two pieces of 2、My teacher gave me A. a good adviceB. some

9、good advices C. some good advice D. good advices 3、Usually, young people have black and old people have white A. hairs. ones B. hair one C. hair. oneD. hairs. one4、 Peter was busy with his work yesterday. He did not get A. much sleep B. many sleeps C. more sleepD. most sleep 5、I think it is a wonder

10、ful A.workB. information C.ideaD. News6、 I want to buy A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of inkC.two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks7、How many did you have for breakfast? A.loaves of bread B. loaves of breads C. loafs of breadD. loaf of bread四、用所给词的适当形式填空1、March 8 th is Day .(woman)2、Taking

11、twenty (minute) exercise ever day is good for your health.3、The shop sells (weman) handbags.4、Teachers in western countries have a (三个月的) holiday in a year.5、Its only ten walk from the station to the hotel.(minute)6、It is an (hour) ride from here to the museum.五、选择题1、Lin Tao is ill, so he has to go to the A. doctorB. doctor's C. doctors D. doctor2、Where is Mr. Zhang? He is in theA. teacher's reading roomB. teachers' reading room C. teacher reading roomD. teachers reading room 3、This is ball. it's not A. the boy's, girl's B. the boy's, the girl's C. the boy