词汇学复合词

1、chapter5word formation via compounding it refers to the combination of two or more independent words, each of which can function as a individual word.definition three forms of compounds复合词的三种形式复合词的三种形式1solid form1open form2hyphenated form3第一季度第一季度单击编辑副标题solid form1第一季度单击编辑副标题第一季度单击编辑副标题open form2第一季

2、度单击编辑副标题hyphenated form3structures of compounds复合词的结构复合词的结构2two-word compoundsthree-word compoundsnoun+noun compoundsnoun+adjuctive compoundsnone+verb compoudsadjective+verb compoundsadjective+noun compoundsadjective+adjective compoundsstructures2verb+noun compoundsverb+adverb compoundsadverb+nounco

3、mpoundsadverb+adjective compoundsadverb+verb compoudspreposition+preposition compoundspreposition+noun compoundspronoun+noun compoundsstructures2 house+keephousekeep hair+cuthaircutwood+cutwoodcutexample-noun+verb compound2functions of compounds 复合词的作用复合词的作用3compounds can play different roles in a s

4、entence. they can be used as nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, etc.functions of compounds1. teargasthe police dispelled the mobs with tear gas. ( noun )the police dispelled the mobs by using teargas bombs. ( adjective )the police teargased the mobs. ( verb )2. air-drythe tobacco growers sir-dry tob

5、acco leaves in shaded sheds. ( verb )the air-dry process was completed in shaded sheds. ( adjective )3. face-to-facewe will have a face-to-face negotiation with the market competitors. ( adjective )we will negotiate with our competitors about market shares face-to-face. ( phrase )example3characteris

6、tics of compounds 复合词的特点复合词的特点4the prural form of a noun compound usually carries -s or -es at the end of the second part.复数在后复数在后a compound usually has its stressed syllable falling on the first part of the compound.重音在前重音在前most compounds today are treated as completely new words without a hyphen i

7、n between. some are not. 连字符大多可无连字符大多可无前修饰后前修饰后characteristics of compounds 4in compounds, the first part usually modifies the second part.nounsverbs adjectivesprepositions & adverbscharacteristics of compounds 4hard, soft, hot, high, low, good, badgo, come, paly, look, make, take, head, hand, g

8、irl, day, dog, line, rain, snowin, out, on, with, up, down, underthe most productive compound elements are usually the three-to-five-lettered words, or the basic anglo-saxon vocabulary.compound nouns复合名词复合名词5the constituents in a compound may belong to different parts of speech, but the compounds th

9、ey create are mostly nouns.compound nouns 请插入图片请插入图片请插入图片请插入图片adj+nhard disk硬盘n+nbar cord条形码adv+nupgrade升级doing+nreading lamp台灯v+nbreakwater防浪堤n+vnighfall黄昏v+advshow-off炫耀adv+vdownfall垮台form of compound nouns compound adjectives复合形容词复合形容词6 复合形容词主要用来作定语复合形容词主要用来作定语, ,并且只作前置定语并且只作前置定语, ,即要放在被即要放在被修饰词之

10、前。它也可以作形容词修饰词之前。它也可以作形容词, ,表示一个长时间的特点或性质。表示一个长时间的特点或性质。例如：例如：an eight- year-old boy/ a ten-metre-tall tree6ever 永远的永远的ill 不健康的不健康的形容词形容词+looking形容容貌或外表形容容貌或外表made 制造的制造的proof 防防的，抗的，抗的的sick 晕晕的，渴的，渴望望的的wide 在在范围范围内内的的well 好的好的examples6phrasal compounds短语复合词短语复合词7。compounds can also be formed of phra

11、ses or word clusters of various kinds. in fact, most compounds formed in this way are very popular in contemprary english and are often used as compound adjectives. look at the following examples:1) on the way to the airport, they fell in a two-kilometer-long trafic jam.在去机场的路上，他们陷入了在去机场的路上，他们陷入了两公里长的两公里长的交通堵塞。交通堵塞。2 2）at the age of 26, she fell in love with a 62-year-old professor.她在她在26岁时爱上了一位岁时爱上了一位62岁的岁的教授。教授