素房含露玉冠鲜——白居易咏荷诗赏析

1、素房含露玉冠鲜白居易咏荷诗赏析<span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"><span style="font-size:16

2、.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-lat in;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 素房含露玉冠鲜<span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-fam

3、ily:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-f ont:minor-latin"> 白居易咏荷诗赏析<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: 宋体；mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:min

4、or-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-f ont:minor-latin"> 川<spanstyle="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso-f

5、areast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-f ont:minor-latin"> 雪<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: Calib

6、ri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 唐代诗人白居易很 喜爱莲花，在他的诗中，写到有关莲花的意象（包括荷花、 芙蓉、菡萏）就有八十多处。在描写莲花的诗中，白居易更爱白莲花， 将其用以自比， 作有种白莲东林寺白莲感白莲花六年秋重题白莲 莲石白莲池泛舟等等有关白莲的诗。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-

7、theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 白居易十分爱慕莲 花的高洁，特别是对白莲花情有独钟。在感白莲花中， 他欣赏莲花的遗世独立、孤清不群：<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:

8、minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 白白芙蓉花，本生 吴江濆。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso

9、-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 不与红者杂，色类 自区分。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 谁移尔至此，姑苏

10、 白使君。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 初来苦憔悴，久乃 芳氛氲。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-as

11、cii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 月月叶换叶，年年根生根。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor

12、-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 陈根与故叶，销化 成泥尘。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-t

13、heme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 化者日已远，来者 日复新。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: C

14、alibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 一为池中物，永别江南春。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">

15、 忽想西凉州，中有 天宝民。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 埋殁汉父祖，孳生 胡子孙。<span style="font-family:

16、宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 已忘乡土恋，岂念 君亲恩。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme

17、-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 生人尚复尔，草木 何足云。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso

18、-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 诗中叙写了白莲是诗人从江南移种到洛阳来的，初来憔悴凋零，经过多年的繁 衍生长， 才在北方扎下根来。 白莲这种孤清不群、 遗世独立， 但仍馥郁芬芳、颇具神韵的形象，正是诗人非常偏爱而用以 自诩的写照。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-

19、latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 清人宋长白在柳 亭诗话十七则中云： “洛阳无白莲花，乐天自吴中带种归， 乃始有之。其白莲池泛舟诗曰： 白藕新花照水开，红 窗小舫信风回。 谁教一片江南兴， 逐我殷勤万里来。 '又种 白莲诗曰： 吴中白藕洛中栽，莫恋江南花懒开。万里携 归尔知否？红蕉朱槿不将来。 '周濂溪谓莲为花中君子，况 纯白者

20、耶？但移入洛阳，是以君子而入富贵之乡矣。 ” <span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 在东林寺白莲 中，诗人进一步写道：<span style="

21、font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-f ont:minor-latin"> 东林北塘水，湛湛见底清。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibr

22、i; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-f ont:minor-latin"> 中生白芙蓉，菡萏三百茎。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast

23、-font-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 白日发光彩，清飚散芳馨。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font: mino

24、r-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 泄香银囊破，泻露玉盘倾。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-ha

25、nsi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 我惭尘垢眼，见此琼瑶英。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-f ont:minor-latin"> 乃知红莲花，虚得

26、清净名。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 夏萼敷未歇，秋房结才成。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-

27、ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 夜深众僧寝，独起绕池行。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-fon

28、t:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-f ont:minor-latin"> 欲收一颗子，寄回长安城。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso

29、-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-f ont:minor-latin"> 但恐出山去，人间种不生。<span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-

30、family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 白莲的形象怎样？ 诗人用四句诗尽情描绘： “白日发光彩，清飚散芳馨。泄香 银囊破，泻露玉盘倾” ，日光下流光溢彩，清风里芳香飘逸， 花朵张开如同剖开香囊，荷叶伸开就如同玉盘，露珠点点滚 落。“乃知红莲花， 虚得清净名。 ”用红莲的有色与白莲对比， 突出白莲的清净纯洁。至此，诗人发出这样的慨叹： “欲收 一颗子，寄回长安城。但恐出山去，人间种不生。 ”在诗人 心里，这荷本就是天上仙子，怎能在人间生长呢！表达了诗 人对白莲花的喜爱之情。<span style="fo

31、nt-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-lat in;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 再看六年秋重题 白莲：<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-

32、ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 素房含露玉冠鲜，绀叶摇风钿扇圆。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-f

33、ont-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 本是吴州供进藕，今为伊水寄生莲。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font:min

34、or-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-f ont:minor-latin"> 移根到此三千里，结子经今六七年。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: 宋 体;mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;

35、mso-hansi-theme-f ont:minor-latin"> 不独池中花故旧，兼乘旧日采花船。<span style="font-family: 宋体 ; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 此诗写的白莲是：素房含 露，似玉冠鲜润；紺叶摇风，如翠钿