素材Book4Unit12CULTURESHOCKL1VisitingBritain知识讲解

1、【素材】Book 4 Unit 12 CULTURE SHOCK L1 Visiting Britain 知识讲解【课文原句】I certainly owe you an apology for not writing more often . (p36)【点拨1】owe可作及物动词和不及物动词，意思有“欠(债等)，感激；应该把归功于，例如：If you owe money to some one, you should give it back as soon as possible.女口果你欠另 U人的钱， 你 应该尽快给人家。I owe one hundred dollars to my

2、 brother .我欠我的哥哥一百美元。As we all know , we owe a great deal to our parents.我们都是知道的，我们深受父母之恩。We owe to Newton the principle of gravitation.我们全靠牛顿才知道引力的原理。It was owed to your timely help that we accomplished the task on time.幸亏你及时帮忙 ，我们才按时完成了任务。I owe you a lot for all you did for me whe n I was young. 当

3、我年轻时，我欠你很多。I still owe for my car.我还欠着买汽车的钱。【拓展】owi ng to= because of/ tha nks to/ on account of/ due to "因为，由于"，引出的短语 作原因状语。如：Owing to the rain the match was can celled.由于下雨，比赛取消了。Owi ng to the storm he did n't go there.因为暴风雨他没有去那儿。Owing to ill ness Bill cannot come to the meet ing on

4、 比尔因病不能至 U会【小试】单项填空。1. In fact , my sister owes her successgood luck more tha nability.A. to; and B. of; to C. to; to D. to; inKey : C2. How much do Iyou for what you've done for me?A. forgive B. owe C. charge D. shareKey : B3. Dear teacher , Iyou my best tha nks for what you've done to me.A

5、 . forgiveB. oweC. chargeD. shareKey : B【点拨2】apology n.意思为"道歉，赔罪，”等，常构成的搭配 make an apology to sb. for sth. 意思为“为某事向某人道歉”。例如：It is not good manners to refuse others' apology.拒绝他人的道歉是没礼貌的。Are you going to accept his apology?你打算接受他的道歉吗？The capta in made an apology to the passe ngers for the de

6、lay caused by the weather.船长因天气造 成的延误向乘客表示歉意。Tom made an apology to Jane for los ing her new bike.汤姆因丢失了简的新自行车而向她表示歉意。【拓展】apologize vi.意为“道歉，向表示歉意，因道歉”。例如：I really don't know who is to即ologise.我的确不知道谁应该道歉。If you are late for class, you should apologise to the teacher either at the time or after

7、class. 如果你 迟到了，你要么当时，要么课后向老师道歉。What you have do ne is right. You need n't apologise to her.你做的事情是对的，你没有必要向她 道歉。-I must apologise for not letting you know ahead of time 没有提前通知你，我表示歉意。 -That's all right.没关系。I apologised to Mary for not comi ng to her birthday party last week. 我因上周没参加玛丽的生日 聚会而向

8、她表示歉意。【小试】单项填空。1.0n yesterday in terview, he did n' _ make a(ra)ll; what ' s the matter with him?A. apologyB. appeara nee C. differe neeD. cha ngeKey : B2. How much farther shall we have to go?1. I ' m very sohjed yesterday,I should make an apology to you.A. which B. for which C. whom D.

9、 for whomKey : B3. Victor apologized forto inform me of the change in the plan.A. his being not ableB. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not ableKey : C【课文原句】I've just bee n so busy study ing and trying to absorb all the new things around me-1 think I 'm still experiencin

10、g it all yourself. (p36)【点拨1】absorb vt."吸收，吸引；合并，吞并”。如：Pla nts absorb carb on dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.植物吸收大气中的二氧化碳和土壤中的空气水份。After so many weeks without rain, the ground quickly absorbed the little rain that fell last night. 好几星期没下雨，昨晚下了一场小雨，很快被地面吸收了。It is well know that

11、a sponge can absorb water.众所周知，海绵能吸水。The big compa ny has gradually absorbed these small ones into its own organi zati on.这家大公司渐渐地把这些小公司吞并了。【拓展】be absorbed in全神贯注在一心从事,热衷于。例如：The writer was so absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.作家全神贯注地进行写作，忘了弹去雪茄烟的烟灰。He found hi

12、s uncle absorbed in the readi ng n ewspaper.他发现他的叔叔热衷于看报。【小试】单项填空。1. The boy was so clever that he couldall the kno wledge his teacher taught him.A. admire B. ack no wledgeC. admit D. absorbKey : D2. The writer was soin her work that she didn' t notice him enter the room.A. absorbedB. aba ndoned

13、C. focused D. cen teredKey : A3. When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, completely amagaz ine.A. absorb ing inB. absorbed in C. absorb ing toD. absorbed toKey : B【课文原句】I'm just so glad you can afford to visit me and I refuse to let pay for any thi ng whileyou're here

14、 !(p36)【点拨1】afford vt.常与can, could, be able to连用)，意思为“买得起；有足够的(去 做)；提供，给予。例如：I need a new dress, but I can 'afford to buy one now.我需要一件新裙子，但是我现在买不起。 They did not consider whether they could afford the time or not.他们没有考虑是否抽得出时间。 We can't afford to pay such a price.我们付不起这个价钱。Dancing affords us

15、 pleasure.跳舞给我们带来快乐。The sun affords warmth to the earth.太阳使地球得到温暖。【辨析】 afford, provide, supply都是及物动词，vt.意思都有“给予，提供”的意思。afford提供，是书面语，主要以事物作主语；provide提供，着重“因有远见而事先作了充分的贮备”；supply供应，是本组词中的最常用词，有时着重指“满足所需要的或欠缺的东西”。例如：His three gra ndchildre n afforded him his greatest pleasure in his old age. 他晚年时三个孙子给

16、他 以最大的乐趣。The ship is provided with en ough food to last the whole voyage.这艘船贮备的食品足以维持整个航行。The gover nment has promised to supply the farms with power n ext year. 政府已经保证明年向这 些农场提供电力。【小试】单项填空。1. - Mum, please, will you buy me this CD? I ve always wan ted it.-Sarah, you know I can'tit. Why do you a

17、lways ask me to buy you expe nsive thin gs?A . offer B . effect C. affectD . affordKey : D2. -If you like the new house, I suggest you buying it.-But it's really too expe nsive. I can'tit.A. getB. affordC. supplyD. supportKey : B【点拨2】refuse vt.& vi.意思为“拒绝，拒受”，例如：Joa n's mother refuse

18、d to consent to let her go abroad.琼的母亲不答应让她出国。He refused my offer of help.他拒绝了我的帮助。Some people refuse to believe that this half-ma n, half- mon key exists.一些人拒绝接受这种野人的存在。Martin refused to discuss the matter.马丁拒绝讨论此事。It never occurred to me that you would refuse.我从未想至M尔会拒绝。【小试】单项填空。He asked the beaut

19、iful girl to marry him, but she fiercely.A. decli ned B. avoided C. complied D. refusedKey : D【课文原句】 When I first got here , I was amazed to find that London is such an international city.(p36)【点拨】amazing adj.意思有“惊人的；令人吃惊的；了不起的”，例如：It was amazing that he knew nothing about the event.他对这个事件毫不知情，真让人感到

20、诧异。We listened to her amazing story with rapt attention.我们全神贯注地倾听她讲的惊人故事。What an amazing painting!多么了不起的一幅画啊！【拓展】amazed adj.吃惊的；显示出惊奇的amaze vt.使大为惊奇；使惊愕We were amazed that he agreed so quickly.他那么快就答应了，这使我们大为惊奇。He was amazed at what he saw看到这情形他惊诧不已。I was amazed at his con duct.我对他的行为感到惊讶。Your lette

21、r amazed me .你的信令我惊讶。【小试】单项填空。1. It wasthat the boy was able to solve the problem so quickly.A. amaz ingB. amazed C. admired D. admiri ngKey : A2. The customers were allto see thescene in the supermarket yesterday .A. amaz ing ; amazedB. amaz ing , amaz ing C. amazed; amazed D. amazed; amaz ingKey :

22、 D【课文原句】 There are people from all over the world livi ng here and as a result, there are many intern ati onal restaura nts . (p36)【点拨】as a result，意思为“因此，所以，后接结果”，例如：As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has covered the land.由于森林的毁 坏，很多的沙漠覆盖了土地。Liu Xia ng 'foot was in

23、jured in the training. As a result he had to drop out of the game. 刘翔的脚 受伤了。因此他不得不退出了比赛。He was caught in the rain on the way home. As a result , he had a bad cold. 他在回家的路上遇上 了大雨，结果得了重感冒。【拓展】1) as a result of由于的结果，是介词短语，后接原因As a result of the economical crisis , many people are out of work. 由于经济危机的结果

24、，很多人都失业了。As a result of bad weather, the flight was delayed un til 4 pm.由于糟糕的天气的原因，这次航班被推迟到下午四点。2) result in导致；造成It was his carelessness that resulted in his failure.正是他的粗心大意导致了他的失败。Many scie ntists think that the globe warm ing results from the polluti on of the atmosphere. 许多科 学家认为全球变暖是大气污染的结果。3)

25、result from 意为“由造成”Heart disease and high blood pressure can result from eat ing too much fat. 心脏病和高血压都有 可能是因吃了过多脂肪造成的结果。His failure resulted from carelessness.他的失败使由于粗导致的。【小试】单项填空。1. My friend Martin was very sick with a stra nge fever; , he could n either eat nor sleep.A. as a result B. after all

26、C. any way D. otherwiseKey : A2. Tom was late for workthe traffic jam , and the boss blamed him for it.A. as a result; as a result ofB. as a result of; as a resultC. as a result of; i n other words D. as a result; in other wordsKey : B【课文原句】 To avoid getting confused about the British System , you n

27、eed to check your bill to see if a tip is in eluded or not. (p36)【点拨】avoid v.意思为“避免，回避，躲开”。例如：You should avoid being late for your class. 你应该避免上课迟至 U。To avoid them I left by the back door.我为了避开他们，就从后门走了。He drove home over the bridge to avoid the traffic con gesti on at the sports ground. 他驱车经过桥 上回家以

28、避开体育场附近的交通阻塞。You should avoid such mistakes.你应当避免这样的错误。I quickly walked to the other side of the road to avoid meet ing him. 我加快脚步走到路的另一边， 避免与他碰面。【小试】单项填空。1. There was a large box behind the door and Peter could n'tfalling over it in the darkness.A. help B. resist C. avoid D. preve ntKey : C2. w

29、hen he broke into the school, the thief wore a school un iform.A. To avoid being recog ni zedB. To avoid recog nizingC. Avoidi ng recog nizingD. Avoid being recog ni zedKey : A【点拨2】confuse v.意思有“使迷惑，使糊涂，弄混，使弄错”，其中con fused例如：Be careful ! Don 'confuse Austria with Australia again .仔细点，不要再把奥地利与澳大利

30、亚弄混了。That is exactly to confuse black with white. 那是真的把黑白混淆了。They asked so many questio ns that they con fused me .他们问了许许多多的问题，把我弄糊涂 了。【拓展】con fused意为 困惑的”，说明人的特征；若修饰人的表情、眼神等表现人的感觉时也用-ed形容词。confusing意为令人迷惑的”，修饰物的特征。The speaker was con fused, by the un expected laughter.讲演的人被突如其来的笑声弄得局促不 安。The in str

31、uct ions on the box are very confusing. 盒子上的使用说明含混不清。rm sorry I don't know you. Maybe you are confusing me with some one else.对不起，我不认识你，也许你认错人了(把我和别人弄混淆了)。【小试】单项填空。1. Why did you make a mistake?I would n't have made that mistake if I had not beenby my manager's report.A . excitedB . con

32、fusedC. surprisedD . in spiredKey : B2. Theexpression on his face told us he hadn ' expected we could raise suchquesti ons to him.A. con fused; confusing B. confusing; con fusedC. confusing; confusing D. con fused; con fusedKey : A【课文原句 】If it isn ', I suggest leaving 10% of the bill for the

33、 waiter or the waitress -even a bit more if the service is good . (p36)【点拨】“suggest + v-ing ” (不能跟不定式)，表示"建议做某事”。例如：I suggested putting the meeting off. 我建议会议延期。He suggested going out for a walk.他建议出去走走。He suggests (our) visiti ng the In dustrial Exhibiti on.他提议去参观工业展览会。【拓展】1) “suggest +(that)sb. (should) do sth. ”，表示"建议某人做某事”，常用虚拟语气，即从 句中用上情态动词 should，其中should可以省略。例如：He suggested (that) we (should) come ano ther day.他们建议我们改天来。The headmaster suggested (that) the work (should) be started at on ce. 校长建议立即动工。2) suggest +名词，表示"建议某事”。例