河南省洛阳市高三英语第一次统一考试试题含解析

1、河南省洛阳市2018届高三第一次统一考试英语试题第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分.共7.5分）听下面5段对沾。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1. what is the man going to do after work?a. have a walk. b. make a plan. c. have a drink.2. what is dad doing?a. packing his things. b. wailing fo

2、r his family. c. washing his car.3. who will repair the copy machines?a. the worker. b. the man. c. the woman.4. where are die speakers?a. in the classroom. b. in the parking lot. c. on the playground.5. what will the man talk about tomorrow?a. reading books. b. global warming. c. air pollution.第二节（

3、共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白3每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. how much does the red t-shirt cost?a. $20. b. $16. c. $18.7. whats the man going to do?a. try on the red t-shirt.b. try on the black t-shirt.c. look at the

4、red t-shirt.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. what did the man mainly talk about?a. his running life. b. his school life. c. his country life.9. how long did it use to take the man to get to school?a. a quarter. b. thirty minutes. c. half a day.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. what does the man think of the books?a. costly. b.

5、 difficult. c. interesting.11. what advice does the man give to the woman?a. buy half of the books.b. share the cost of the book.c. borrow some books.12. what will the speakers have for dinner?a. beef and chicken.b. beef and pork.c. beef and vegetables.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13. what will the woman do ton

6、ight?a. attend a baby shower.b. play tennis with her cousins.c. eat at her sisters.14. how far is it from the womans home to her sisters most probably?a. two hours ride. b. three hours ride. c. one hours ride.15. with whom will the woman stay tomorrow night?a. her mom. b. her cousins. c. her sister.

7、16. when will the speakers have dinner together?a. tonight.b. tomorrow night.c. the day after tomorrow.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. when is the lecture to be held?a. this friday night.b. this saturday afternoon.c. this saturday night.18. what is the lecture mainly about?a. health problems.b. global warming

8、.c. several global issues.19. how many universities did dr doug boucher attend?a. three. b. one. c. two.20. when will the lecture start?a. at 7:00 pm. b. at 9:00 pm. c. at 2:00 pm.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ajewels online footwear storele

9、ather dress shoesprice: $ 120. 00color: black leather brown leather red leather natural leatheraverage rating: 3 out of 5 starsshipping info: standard: 7-10 business days/express: 3-5 dayscustomer reviews1. my favorite shoes! ive been to many conferences where my business fellows have told me how mu

10、ch they like my shoes. just wearing them makes me feel more calm and content in the office. i recommend them to all of my co-workers, and i own a pair of each color.2. these are the worst shoes i have ever worn! the leather came off after only one week, and everybody thought they were ugly. the bott

11、om of the shoes made everything slippery. my employer fired me because he hated them! from then on, i will only wear brand x shoes!3. these shoes do exactly what shoes are supposed to do. there isnt anything too special about them. in the morning, i put them on and go about my clay. they look deligh

12、tful enough, and they are quite durable. i will probably buy another pair.4. these shoes are my most cherished (珍爱的) possession. i met my bride while buying a pair of these shoes. she was the saleswoman at the store i bought them at, and after she sold me three pairs, i asked her for her phone numbe

13、r and we started dating. soon after that, we were engaged. we are getting married this afternoon, and i couldnt be happier.1. how many pairs of leather dress shoes does the first customer own?a. one. b. two.c. three. d. four.2. which customer do you feel gives us the most balanced and objective view

14、?a. customer 1. b. customer 2.c. customer 3. d. customer 4.3. why does the fourth customer like the shoes?a. he got to know his wife while buying them.b. they make him feel more comfortable.c. they are made to last.d. they make him attractive.【答案】1. d 2. c 3. a【解析】这篇文章介绍了一款皮鞋，并且有四名顾客对这款皮鞋进行了评价。1. 细节

15、理解题。color: black leather brown leather red leather natural leather和and i own a pair of each color. 有四种颜色的皮鞋，第一名顾客每种颜色的皮鞋各有一双，所以第一名顾客一共拥有四双这类鞋子，选d。2. 推理判断题。由these shoes do exactly what shoes are supposed to do. there isnt anything too special about them. in the morning, i put them on and go about my

16、clay. they look delightful enough, and they are quite durable.可知第三名顾客客观的陈述了这双鞋的特点及性能，这名顾客的评论比较适度和客观，选c。3. 细节理解题。由i met my bride while buying a pair of these shoes.可知第四名顾客喜欢这双鞋子是因为买这双鞋子的时候，他认识了他的妻子，选a。【名师点睛】细节理解题是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理

17、解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实；3.将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1，细节理解题。color: black leather brown leather red leather natur

18、al leather和and i own a pair of each color. 有四种颜色的皮鞋，第一名顾客每种颜色的皮鞋各有一双，所以第一名顾客一共拥有四双这类鞋子，选d。bit is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the united states or the amazon rain forest. without it we would not have grown into primates (灵长类动物). or we would probably

19、 still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat. without competition, columbus wouldnt have discovered america and edison would never have invented the light bulb.friendship, like all relationship between two people, involves competition. it isnt co

20、mpetition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prize. perhaps the ecological definition the simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light better explain it.as in nature, high school l

21、ife is governed by a set of laws, similar to a shortened version of darwins theory of evolution, overpopulation, and competition. there is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing (分类) take place. in high school, friendships learn to co-exist with compet

22、ition even though at times the relationship is rough. in fact, in some circumstances, competition is too much of a burden for a friendship to bear, causing it to fall apart. college admission is the final high school objective. four years of hard work is to achieve good grades, and a students fate i

23、s determined not only by these achievements, but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve a similar recognition.nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life. it sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to sc

24、hool work. a healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendships apart. yet, despite all this, without competition, we would be lost.4. what does the ecological definition mainly explain?a. how friends compete with each other.b. ho

25、w to win the competition.c. what the result of competition is.d. what competition exactly is.5. according to the writer, what causes the high school students to compete?a. the number of them is too large.b. friendship is a burden for them.c. they know the laws of nature well.d. they are divided into

26、 different groups.6. which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition?a. friendship is always based on competition.b. the degree of competition is vital to friendship.c. competition is terribly harmful to friendship.d. competition is a result of lost friendship.7. what does the au

27、thor think of “competition”?a. the results of competition are out of control.b. competition becomes fiercer in high school.c. competition is certain to happen at schools.d. friendship is not as important as competition at schools.【答案】4. d 5. a 6. b 7. c【解析】本文主要讲了竞争推动了人类社会的发展以及如何在竞争和友谊中寻找平衡。4. 细节理解题。

28、由perhaps the ecological definition the simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light better explain it.可知生态定义主要解释了竞争是什么，选d。5. 细节理解题。由there is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and

29、categorizing (分类) take place.可知造成高中生竞争的原因是高中生数量太庞大，选a。6. 推理判断题。由a healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendships apart. 可推断出竞争的程度对友谊至关重要，选b。7. 细节理解题。由nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspec

30、ts of high school life.可知作者认为在学校，竞争一定会发生，选c。ci left england for sydney in september. it was a career move for my husband, and our 20-year-old daughter was feeling adventurous and decide

31、d to come, too. however, just before leaving england, my 79-year-old mother suffered a stroke (中风). being strong and independent, she continues to live at home with 

32、the help of social services. but she couldnt look after the garden. i thought how wonderful it would be if there was an organization offering volunteer help. friends

33、 asked me what i planned to do in australia, and i told them i would be looking for a volunteer position with a gardening charitable organization. imagine my

34、60;surprise when i found just the organization i had been looking for  easy care gardening (ecg)!there are several reasons why i volunteer for ecg. firstly, as a

35、0;newcomer to australia i meet many great people who, like me, volunteer some of their time. we cover a large age range, but all love gardens and helping others

36、.secondly, through working with ecg i have been lucky enough to explore sydneys north shore that i might not have had the opportunity to visit otherwise.finally, there

37、60;are all those wonderful people we call “client (客户)”, but are more like friends when we visit them often and tend their gardens. what great people i have met

38、, and the stories they have to tell  the family histories, where they come from and the reasons for immigrating to australia. i find it a privilege to have

39、 access to private gardens which, in many cases, have been the joy of their owners for many years. each one is individual and reflects the character, needs and&

40、#160;the history of each family. indeed, the gardens reflect the multicultural and historical background of sydney.8. why did the author move to sydney?a. site planned to volunteer there.b. her husband would work there.c. she

41、 was very keen on adventures.d. she had to look after her sick mother.9. what made the author choose to be a gardening volunteer?a. her own experience. b. the lips of her friends.c. the popularity of ecg. d. her gardening skills.10. what do the volunteers at ecg have in common?a. they make friends w

42、ith their clients.b. they like to explore sydneys north shore.c. they are of similar ages and backgrounds.d. they are kind-hearted with the same interest.11. what does the underlined word “one” in paragraph 4 refer to?a. client. b. reason.c. garden. d. joy.【答案】8. b 9. a 10. d 11. c【解析】本文主要讲了因为作者自己的经

43、历使得作者选择了园林志愿者的工作，作者对这份工作的内容和乐趣进行了详细的介绍。8. 细节理解题。i left england for sydney in september. it was a career move for my husband, 可知作者搬到悉尼，是因为她的丈夫将在那里工作，选b。9. 推理判断题。由but she couldnt look after the gar

44、den. i thought how wonderful it would be if there was an organization offering volunteer help. friends asked me what i planned to do in australia, and i told

45、60;them i would be looking for a volunteer position with a gardening charitable organization可知是因为作者自己的经历使得作者选择了园林志愿者的工作，选a。10. 推理判断题。由we cover a large age range, but all love gardens an

46、d helping others.可推断出ecg志愿者的共同点是有相同的兴趣，并且热心肠，选d。11. 推理判断题。由i find it a privilege to have access to private gardens which, in many cases, have been the joy of their owners for 

47、many years可知 each one is individual and reflects the character, needs and the history of each family. 这句话的意思是每个花园都是独特的，并且反映了每个家庭的、特征需要和历史，选c。di look around and cant recognize where i am. it seems familiar but distan

48、t. i see my friends gathered by a stage where music is playing and i run over. as i begin running towards them, they become further and further away. i keep calling for them, but no one hears me. i start hearing a distant alarm-like sound and i am transported away. i woke up in a daze (茫然) sitting i

49、n my bed.“oh, it was only a dream,” i said to myself. i have always had vivid and intense dreams. sometimes, it feels like i havent even slept because i have been living out my dreams during my sleep.today, dreaming is being studied even more than ever. some say that dreams are how your receptors (受

50、体) make sense of random thoughts while you sleep. some say that you cant dream of a face you have never seen before, so everyone you see in your dreams you have at least laid eyes on at one time or another.other people think dreams are ways of expressing stress or internal feelings you may be experi

51、encing. a lot of people say that they have dreams about being chased (追逐).a common interpretation of the “being chased” dream is that you are feeling threatened. some dream interpretation sites say you should try to reflect on what or who is chasing you to get a better idea of what is making you fee

52、l this way.another dream that is often experienced is flying. this dream has a much more positive interpretation, which is that you are feeling free or have broken out of a bad situation such as a relationship turned sour or a job you hate.unfortunately, if you even remember your dreams at all, you

53、forget half of your dream within five minutes of waking up and within 10 minutes, you usually forget 90 percent of it.dreamologists, people who devote time to the study and interpretation of dreams, suggest if you want to try to remember and study your dreams you should keep a journal beside your be

54、d and jot down what you dreamt as soon as you wake up so you can reflect on it later.12. dreams of “being chased” occur because _.a. you are feeling threatenedb. you just quit a job you hatec. your friends are far away from you when in needd. your receptors is always thinking while you sleep13. why

55、should we keep a journal beside your bed to reflect on dreams?a. we need to chase those people who appeared in our dreams.b. we usually forget 90 percent of dreams within 10 minutes.c. it can help us get out of the intense dreams.d. it can help us sleep well without dreams.14. where can we read this

56、 article?a. in a poster. b. in a physics book.c. in a traveling magazine. d. in a science newspaper.15. what is the best title for the passage?a. why am i always dreaming b. how is my dream createdc. what do my dreams mean d. how to avoid dreams【答案】12. a 13. b 14. d 15. c【解析】本文主要讲了各种梦境与现实之间的联系，以及各种各

57、样的梦是什么意思。12. 细节理解题。由a common interpretation of the “being chased” dream is that you are feeling threatened.可知梦到被追，是因为你感觉受到了威胁，选a。13. 细节理解题。由unfortunately, if you even remember your dreams at all, you forget half of your dream within five minutes of waking up and within 10 minutes, you usually forget

58、 90 percent of it.和suggest if you want to try to remember and study your dreams you should keep a journal beside your bed and jot down what you dreamt as soon as you wake up so you can reflect on it later.可知在你的床边放一个日记本来记录你的梦是因为我们通常在十分钟之内就会忘掉90%的梦，选b。14. 推理判断题。本文主要讲了各种梦境与现实之间的联系，所以这篇文章最可能出现在科学报纸上，选d。

59、15. 主旨大意题。本文主要讲了各种梦境与现实之间的联系，以及各种各样的梦是什么意思，所以这篇文章最好的题目是我的梦的意思，选c。第二节（共5小每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。one of my earliest memories was watching my mom talk on our old phone. i was fascinated that she could talk to someone who wasnt actually in the room with her. _16_ i was wond

60、ering how she managed to talk with someone she couldnt see._17_ later, we had mobile phones that could be carried around the room. then came computers and smart phones. these days i can send an e-mail around the world in a second. my daughters smart phone has a hundred apps and a dozen social media

61、accounts. she stores all of her information in a mysterious place known as “the cloud”, where she can take it out at any time. it seems that we are more connected in this world than ever before._18_ few take the time to talk face to face. instead of looking into die eyes of our loved ones, we store

62、at our screens. it seems if the most connected generations are also the loneliest.dont let technology take our time and ruin our life. make the time to med, to pray and to communicate with each other. take a walk on the beach with a friend. have a long conversation with the phones off and the hearts

63、 on. _19_remember that we are here to love each other, help each other and make this world a better place. _20_ but when it cant, turn it off.a. that was a long time ago.b. connect offline well as online.c. smart phones have both advantages and disadvantages.d. we should communicate with each other with phones off.e. when your technology can