2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题细节推理判断解题典题例举(6页,word版)

1、2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题 细节推理判断解题典题例举此题感取么考.怎么解典例(2018 全国卷I阅读C节选)Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by huntergatherers, small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns

2、 of speech independent of each other. Somelanguage experts believe that 10,000 years ago, whenthe world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. .28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?A. They developed very fast.B. They were large

3、 in number.C. They had similar patterns.D. They were closely connected.解析选 B 根据本段最后一句 " Some language experts believe that10,000 years ago, whenthe world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. ” 可推知，在狩猎时代，人口 少，语言种类却很多，故选 B。干扰项分析根据选段第二句可知，在狩猎时代，小的紧

4、密联系的群体发 展了各自独立的语言，故 G D两项错误；根据本段内容可知，文中未提及狩猎 时代语言的发展速度，可排除 A项。增分技巧细节推断题考查的内容虽然也属于原文细节，但它要求考生在原文的基础上对文章信息进行分析、理解、推断，立足于由已知推断未知。解答这类题的一般步骤是：(1)定位信息：通过寻读找到相关信息点；(2)字面理解：理解相关信息点的字面意思；（3）深层理解：结合语境和常识，在理解字面意思的基础上进行符合逻辑的 推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。细节推断题的答案不能在文章中直接找到，但推理时我们务必要忠于原文， 在文章中寻找并确定可推理的依据， 进行正向或逆向思维，推断出隐含的深层含

5、义，推断时要做到判断有据，推论有理。切忌主观臆断、过度推断、错误推断和 以细节代替推断。刷题集"噱准度提速度训练目标（一）对点练攻克失分短板A（2018 全国卷I阅读D节选）We may think we' re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （装置）well after they go out of sty

6、le.That ' s bad news for the environment and our wallets as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environmentfriendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at hom

7、e.D. They go out of style quickly.解析： 选 A 根据选段最后句中的 “ these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things ” 可知，这 些过时的设备比那些做同样事情的新设备消耗更多的能源，由此可推知新的设备 更节能、更环保B（2018 全国卷II阅读C节选）When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel （ 建议 ） pare

8、nts looking for data about the effect of ereaders and tablets on reading.It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time. .30. Why do many parents limit electronic reading?A Ebooks are of poor quality.B It could be a waste of tim

9、e.C It may harm children s health.D Ereaders are expensive.解 析 ： 选 C 根 据 选 段 最 后 一 句 中 的 “ many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time ” 可知， 许多家长仍然限制孩子阅读电子读物的原因，主要是担心孩子看电子屏幕时间增加，也就是担心会伤害孩子们的健康。故选C。C（2017 全国卷I阅读B节选）I work with Volunteers for Wildlif

10、e, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.24 What is unavoidable in the author s rescue work according to paragraph 1?A

11、 Efforts made in vain.B Getting injured in his work.C Feeling uncertain about his future.D Creatures forced out of their homes.解析：选A 根据选段的“Trying to help injured, displacedor sickcreatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. ”可知，救助 一些受伤、流离失所或病残的动物有时是令人心碎的，因为不能保证野生动物会存活下去，由此可推断作者的救助有时是徒劳

12、的。故选A。D（2017 全国卷I阅读C节选） .Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.“ The music can t bepresented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same ， ” says Moran. .30 What

13、can we infer about Moran s opinion on jazz?A It will disappear gradually.31 It remains black and white.C It should keep up with the times.32 It changes every 50 years.解析：选C 根据选段内容尤其是“It has to continue to move, becausethe way the world works is not the same ”可推知，由于时代在改变，人们的娱乐方式已经发生改变，所以爵士乐应该随着时代改变，才

14、能吸引更多的听众。高考真题链接When I was in elementary school my parents would give me a dollar ifI received an A in “ Behavior ” on our quarterly report cards.Theydidn t pay for good academic grades, although it was clear that they expected my very best effort.If that best effort resulted in a B instead of an A i

15、n a particular subject, that was OK.But anything less than an A in Behavior was inexcusable.When I became a parent,I thought about this practice a lot,particularlyaround the arrival of mykids report cards.Never completelyunderstanding myparents practice and feeling funny about rewarding good behavio

16、r with cash, I decided not to pay my kids for good conduct or for good academic grades.But results of a recent study from the Harvard Graduate School of Education made me think harder about what, exactly, my parents may have been trying to accomplish.Surprisingly, according to the study, more than 8

17、0% of the 10,000 students surveyed ranked achievement or personal happiness over kindness.Yet, in the same study, 96% of parents indicated that it' simportant for their children to have a strong moral compass.The researchers in this study call this a rhetoric/reality gap （差ME） a gap between what

18、 adults say and what they do.And it sends, at the very least, a mixed message to kids about our core （核心） values.Kindnessmatters.It matters globally, as a healthy society needs people who care about the needs of others.And it matters to each of us personally.People can ' t be truly happy if they

19、 are cruel.So how can we let kids know that doing well in school matters but so does being a person of good character ? I think that ' s what my parents were trying to help me understand.My report card probably had a dozen letter grades measuring scholastic achievement, but only one for conduct.

20、Pulling a dollar out of his wallet every grading period mayhave been my father ' s way of balancing the scale （ 天平）-making sure that the one important grade buried on the back of the report got its due.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者在看完一项研究的结果后深入思考，最终意识到了父母当年奖励自己的品行的良苦用心。9. What did the author ' s parents reward with money?A. Good conduct.B. Personal happiness.C. Academic progress.D. High academic grades.解析：选A 细节理解题。由第一段中的“myparents would give mea dollar if I received an A in ' Behavior , ”可知，作者的父母用钱奖励作者良好的 品行。A项中的conduct "举止，表现”与文中的“ Behavior”为同义转换，故 选Ao 10. What can be infe