高考时态用法总结

1、名师精编欢迎下载时态谓语动词构 成形式与该时态连例句和定义用的状语1.一般谓语动词构成形式：Often, always,1.I often go to school by bike everyday.现 在Be(am, is, are)或usually,2.The earth moves around the sun.(客观事时态动词原形（如果主语seldom,never,实 )是第三人称单数， 则hardly,3.Hegoes to see his grandmother once a在动词后加 -s 或-es） sometimes,week.定义：once a week,4.Myfathe

2、r often reads newspaper in the表示 经常性或 习惯every day. 等morning.性的动作或状态。表示频度的5.He walks to school everyday.副词或时间6.状语连用。在表示客观真理， 科学事实及不受时间限制的客观存在时，也用一般现在时。1.where there is a will, there is a way.2.The earth moves round the sun.3.Time and tide wait for no man.报刊、杂志、书籍等不强调过去时间，单纯表示客观事实时，要用一般现在时。1.what does

3、 this article say?2.the article describes social problems.2.一般谓语动词构成形式：Last night,1.表示过去习惯性或经常发生的动作：过 去yesterday,WhenI was in the countryside, I often时态动词的过去式。如：last week,swam in the river.stopstoppedsomeyears2.He did his homework last night.Begbeggedago, in2008,3.They were students at that time.Vis

4、it visitedin thepast.定义：The other day,表示 过去某时 间发at thattime,生的 动作或存 在的just now.状态。3.现在谓语动词构成形式：Now,1.I am reading novels now.进 行Be(am, is, are)+ving.these days.2.They are studying English these days/this时态定义：Attheterm.表示 此时此刻 正在moment.进行的动作。名师精编欢迎下载4.过去进行时态谓语动词构成形式：Was/were+ving.定义：表示 过去某一 时刻或过 去一段时

5、 间内正在进行的动作。Then, at that 1.-What were you doing at ten yesterday? time, this time -I was watching TV at that time.lastyear,at2.He was reading when I came in.nine3.I was doing my home work while myyesterday. 等parents were watching TV.连用，或用另4.He was playing football then/at that time.一动作表示过去的时间。5.一般谓语

6、动词构成形式：Tomorrow,1.-What are you going to do next Sunday?将 来1next week, in- I m going to listen to music.Will + 动词原形时态2a few days,2.look at the clouds, there is going to be abe going to +动词next Sunday,storm.原形in+一段时间，3.The sun willrise at 6:30 tomorrow定义：常表示计划、in 2015.等。morning.打算作某事， 表示已4.we will he

7、lp him, if he asks us.经决定的、很可能发生的事，或有某种迹象表 明要发生 的事情。表示 将来发生 的动作或存在的状态。6.过去谓语动词构成形式：常用在谓语1. He asked when the meeting would end.将 来Would +V动词为过去2. He said he would buy some fruit for her时态定义：式的宾语从mother.表示从过去某一时句中。3.I thought you would take the chance.间看 将来发生 的动2. 表示过去4.He said he would come back the

8、 next day.作或存在的状态。的习惯性动表示过去的习惯性动作作1.Whenever she had time, she would help us in our work.2.Every evening she would come and talk with the students7.现在谓语动词构成形式：Already, 用1-.Have you had your lunch yet?完 成Have/has+动词 的过于肯定句，可- yes, I have. I ve just had it.时态去分词放在助动词2.I have lost my bag.定义：之后，过去分3.I h

9、ave already watched the TV play.表示 过去发生 的或词之前。也可4.-Have you found your lost pen yet?已完 成的某一 动作放在句末。Yet-No, I haven t found it yet.对现 在造成的 影响用在疑问句5.He has just come back from New York.或结果。中意为“已6.Have your ever been to Tianjin?一些非延续 性动词经 ”；用在否7.I have never traveled by train before.和 表示一段时间的定句中表示8.I h

10、ave lived in Tianjin for 10 years.状语连用时的变化 。“还，尚” ，9.I have lived in Tianjin since 2000.名师精编欢迎下载Go/leave-be awayCome-be here Buyhave Borrow-keep Finishbe over Die be dead Begin/startbe on Catch a coldhave a coldPut on wearGet up be upWake up-be awakeFall asleepbe asleepLose not haveJoin-be(in)Leaveb

11、eawayfromArrive/reach-be常用于句末。 10.I have lived in Beijing since I was Just “刚刚 ” graduated from school.表示动作刚刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。Ever“曾经”用在疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。Never“ 从 来没有”常与before连用。多放在助动词和过去分词之间。Before“以前 ”指过去不确定的时间，总放在句末。“ since+过去时间点 ”“for+ 时间段 ”8.过去谓语动词构成形式：完 成Had+动词的过去分时态词定义表示 到过去某 个时间已 经完成的 动作

12、或状态。即“过去的过去”2.过去完成时常用于“ no sooner-than”和“ hardly(scarcelywhen（ before） ”等结构中，从句常用一般 过 去 时 ，“ nosooner,hardly( scarcely)”置于句首时，要用倒装语序。9.现在谓语动词构成形式：Bylast year,1.He had finished 2/3 of the work by laskbylast week,week.byyesterday,2.He had left by the time I arrived.by last month.3.He had lived in Beij

13、ing for 5 yearsBy the end ofbefore he came to here.last year等.。4.Smith died yesterday, he had been afriend of mine.5.The childrealized that he had lost hisway.6.I knew Ihad made a mistake at thattime.1.No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain.2.He had hardly got on the train when the trai

14、n started out.For3years, 1.I have been teaching English for twenty名师精编欢迎下载完 成Have/has been +vingthesefewyears.进 行定义：weeks, since2.She has been playing the musicof时态表示 一个 动作 从过earlyBeethoven and Mozart for two hours.去某开始，一直持续morning.3.I ve just been waving goodbye to her.到说 话时还在 继续或刚刚结束。 常与表示一 段时间的 状

15、语连用。10. 将谓语动词构成形式：Thistime1.I will be watching the sunrise at the top of来 进will+be+vingtomorrowthe mountain this time tomorrow.行 时定义：morning,2. I will be having a meeting tonight.态At7:00表示预料不久要发生或势必发生的动作。表示 在将来某 一时tomorrow,1.I suppose they will be leaving soon.间正在进行的动作，Atthattime2.Maybe fewer people

16、 will be smoking in常表示安排好之事，nextweek.等fifty years.给人一种期待感。连用。11. 将谓语动词构成形式：常和 bythe1.I ll have arrived there by noon.来 完Will/shall+have+time,2.I ll have finished reading the bookby成 时Doneby the end ofthe end of this week.态定义：nextyear, 或3. when we get there theyll probably have表示 将来某时 刻之beforenextlef

17、t.前或 某一行为 发生summer,等 结表示到将来某时刻为止动作的持续时，也之前所 完成的动构连用。可以用将来完成时。作。1.I llhave lived in the city for twenty yearsby next month.2.I ll have done the work for three monthsby Friday.现 在在与表示一段时间的状语连用时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时均可表示一个完 成动作从过去某时开始延续到说话时，并可能延续下去，在一定的上下文中，这时 与两个时态可以互换。现 在1.I have talked to the studentsfor tw

18、o hours.完 成我已经同该生谈了两个小时。 （强调可能完成）进 行I have been talking to the student for 2 hours.我一直同该生交谈， 已经谈了两个小时 态时了。（强调可能还在继续）的 区现在完成进行一般不使用于状态动词，要表示状态动词的“未完成用法”只能别用现在完成时态。（注：状态动词表示感受、情感、看法、认识、愿望、及所有关系等状态含义，如 be,belong,exist,feel,hate love, want等。They _each other since childhood.A. have been knowingB. knewC.

19、have knownD.had know在不用时间状语时，现在完成时态表示动作已结束，而现在完成进行则表示动作仍在进行。1. He has written an essay他.已经写好了一篇论文。 （表明动作已经完成）2. He has been writing an essay他.一直在写论文。（表示动作仍在继续）名师精编欢迎下载用 how long-？结构询问目前正在进行的动作的时间长度时，多用现在完成进行时。How long have you been living in Tian Jin?How long have you been listening to music?像 sit,

20、lie, wait, stay, stand等动词更趋向于用现在完成进行时。The old man has been sitting here all the morning这.老人一上午都坐在那儿 The students have been waiting for their teacher学.生们一直在等他们的老师。一 般一一般过去时只表示过去的动作而不强调对现在的影响，而现在完成时则过 去强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。时 与1.I have read the book我已经读过这本书。现 在2. I read the book last year我.去年读过这本书。完 成3.Did

21、you get up early?你起床早吗？时 态4.Have they got up?他们已经起来了吗？的 区二现在完成时的动作开始于过去，现在仍在继续；而一般过去时的动作早结别束。He has worked in this company for three years.他在这家公司已经工作三年了。 （现在仍在此公司工作）He worked in this company for three years.他在这家公司工作过三年。 （现在已不再这家公司工作了）三现在完成时态表示的动作发生在过去的一个不确定的时间，常与already, yet, never, just, before等连用；

22、一般过去时表示过去某个确定的时间发生的动作，常与表示过去的具体时间连用。I have already finished the book我.已经看完了那本书。We once lived in the countryside我.们曾在农村住过。I haventseen her before我.以前从没见过她。I haventseen her once我.一次也没见过她。I saw him last week.我上星期见过她。过 去完 成时 与一一般过去时表示相对于现在而言的过去时间，而过去完成时表示的则是相对于过去某一时刻而言的过去的时间，即过去的过去。它的存在以过去的某一动作或某一时刻为参照物

23、而言的。一般1.All the students had been there before5 oclock yesterday afternoon.过去2.All the students got there at 5 oclock yesterday.时的区别主 将从 现在时间 when, before, after, as soon as,或条件 if , unless状语从句中，主句用将来时，时间或条件状语从句要用一般现在时态代替将来。得用1.Unless you get rid of smoking, you will not stay healthy.法2.When you com

24、e next time,I llshow you around our campus. 3.If I see him, I shall tell him the news.4.if it rains tomorrow, we won tgo to the park.5.when I grow up, I will be a scientist.6.If it doesntrain this afternoon, well have a football match.7.if it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.名师精编欢迎下载8.Well give him the message af