初二上学期英语语法

1、初二上学期英语语法 第一单元 一般将来时 1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。 “will+do” will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求看法时常用于其次人称。 which paragraph shall i read first. will you be at home at seven this evening? 2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。 what are you going to do tomorrow? b. 方案，支配要发生的事。 the play is going to be produced next mo

2、nth。 c. 有迹象要发生的事 look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 3) “be +doing”表将来，按方案或正式支配将发生的事。 we are to discuss the report next saturday. 4) be about to +不定式，意为立刻做某事。 he is about to leave for *. 留意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 其次单元 征求对方看法，和一般过去时 一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里

3、所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 where did you go just now? 2)表示在过去一段时间内，常常性或习惯性的动作。 when i was a child, i often played football in the street. whenever the browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3)句型： it is time for sb. to do s

4、th 到时间了 该了 it is time sb. did sth. 时间已迟了 早该了 it is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 it is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事' i'd rather you came tomorrow. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作摸索性的询问、恳求、建议等。 i thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 比

5、较： 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 christine was an invalid all her life. (含义：她已不在人间。) christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义：她现在还活着) 留意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。 1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 did you want anything else? i wondered if you could help me. 2)情态动词 could, would. could you lend me

6、 your bike? 第三单元 过去进行时 过去进行时 1) 概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 2) 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。 3) 常用的时间状语 this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while my brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. it was raining when they left

7、 the station. when i got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 典型例题 1) mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. a. made b. is * c. was * d. makes 答案c. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同 时，when表时间的同时性，玛丽在做衣服时供应事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。 2) as she _ the news*, granny _ asleep. read; was falling b. was reading; fell

8、 c. was reading; was falling d. read;fell 答案b.句中的as = when, while，意为当之时。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。 练习题 第四单元 直接引语和间接引语可以看书上p100 用过去时就行了 第四单元 直接引语和间接引语可以看书上p100 用过去时就行了 第五单元 if引导的条件状语从句 条件状语从句 连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on

9、con*ion that 等。. if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。 unless = if not. let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. if you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk. 典型例题 you will be late _ you leave immediately. a. unless b. until c. if d. or 答案a。 句意：除非你马上走，否则你就回迟到的。可转化为 if you do

10、ng leave immediately, you will be late. b、d句意不对，or表转折，句子如为 you leave immediately or you will be late. 和 will和would 留意： 1)would like; would like to do = want to 想要，为固定搭配。 would you like to go with me? 2)will you? would you like? 表示确定含义的恳求劝告时，疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any。 would you like some cake? 3)否定结构中用will，一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。 won't you sit down? 练习题(这个较简洁) 第六单元 现在完成时 现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状 态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去 但它的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或 状态。其构成： have (has) +过去分词。 主要句型：for+段时间sincesince的