代词考点典型陷阱题分析

1、高考英语语法语法，即标准、规范，语法则是指在使用某种语言时所必须要遵循的标准、规范。由于语言的复杂 性也就导致了其标准的纷繁复杂。而我们如果我们想要以更为简单易会的方式来掌握这些标准，重点就 在于要找到隐藏在这一标准下的规律。比如，我们以代词中用法最为广泛的it为例來讲解一下高考中经常出现的一系列以it为主语的题 目。请看以下4道题目：1. it was 2 o， clock i met him yesterday.2. it will be 2 hours i meet him.3. it is 2 yearst met him last time-4. it was at 2 o? clo

2、ck i met him yesterday.请分别填入以下连词：that, when, before, sincco代词考点典型陷阱题分析lwith any common sense can tell the difference between the two.a. whob. whoeverc. anyoned. who ever【陷阱】容易误选b。【分析】最佳答案为c。有的同学误选b主要是因为受以下这类句子的影响：whoever comes will be welcome.任何人来都欢迎。whoever wants the book may have it.任何人要这书都可拿去。who

3、ever gets the job will have a lot of work.谁要是得到这份工作就有很多事要做。以上三句中whoever引导的均为主语从句，其中的whoever均可换成anyone who,但是不能换成anyoneo以上试题从表面上看，与以上各例很相似，其实它们有本质的不同，即 with anycommon sense中没有谓语动词，所以我们不能选whoever。此题的正确答案为c, anyone为句子主 语，with any common sense为修饰anyone的定语。现将此题稍作改动如下，答案选b：has any common sense can tell th

4、e difference between the two.a. whob.whoeverc. anyoned.who ever2 the dictionary is really useful. every boy and girlit and they eachto buy one.a. like, wantb.likes, wantsc. likes, wantd.like, wants【陷阱】容易误选d。认为前面一空填复数动词，因为其主语是boy and girl,为复数；第二空 填单数动词，因为英前有each,表示“每一个二【分析】事实上，此题应选c。因为按英语习惯，every后接两个

5、并列的单数名词作主语时，谓 语动词要用单数，即第一空填likes；而第二空要填复数动词want,是因为其前的主语是they而不 是each （each为主语的同位语）。3 everyone knows that canada is larger thancountry in asia.a. anyb. any otherc otherd. another【陷阱】容易误选b。选择的依据是以下大家熟悉的句型（其中的other不可省略）：he is taller than any other student in our class.他是我们班最高的。english is more widely u

6、sed in intemational intercourse than any other language today. 现今英语在 国际交往屮比其他任何语言用得都广。【分析】但是上面一题与这类句子有所不同。这类句型到底该不该加other,主要应看所谈论的 対象是否在比较的范围之内：若在范围之内，则用other （w排除自己与自己比较）；若不在范围之内， 则不用othero比较下而一题：china is larger thancountry in asia.a. anyb. any otherc. otherd. another此题应选b,因为china在asia的范围之内。假若选a,则表

7、示“中国比亚洲的任何国家都大”, 而中国本身也是亚洲国家,由此则得出“中国比中国大"的荒谬结论。而选b,则表示“中国比亚洲任 何其他国家要大”，这才合乎事实。4"what do you think of them? "i don't knowis better, so fve takenof them.”a. what, bothb. what, nonec. which, bothc. which, none【陷阱】儿个干扰均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案为c。做好此题的关键是要注意句中的better 词，由于better用的是比较 级，说明比较的对象应是

8、两者，由此可推知第二空应填both；另一方面，由于所谈论的是两者，说 明选择范围比较窄、比较明确，所以第一空应填which。5. “would you like a cup of coffee or a glass of beer? “will do, but milk ispopular withme."a. neither, notb. both, morec. either, the mostd. all, the most【陷阱】很容易误选b,因为前文提到coffee和beer为两者，所以有的同学就认为应选both 和more与之对应（more为比较级，指两者比较）。【分析】

9、做对此题的关键是要注意到下文提到的milk既不是coffee也不是beer,而是除这两 者外的第三者，故第二空应填the most,即此题最佳答案为c。6.1 read about it in some book or other, does it matterit was?a. whereb. whatc. howd. which此题答案选d,主要与上文的some book or other一本书）这一语境有关，全句句意为：“我在某一本书上读到过它，是哪一本书这很重要吗厂请看类似试题：（1）“who told you?99 "oh, somebody or other, fve f

10、orgotten1a. whatb. whenc. whichd. who此题最佳答案为d。句意为：“谁告诉你的？”“噢，有个人，我忘记是哪一个了。"（2）some of the students were late for the meeting, but i cant remembera. whatb. whenc. whichd. whom此题最佳答案为c。句意为“有些学生开会迟到了，但我不记得是哪些学生了覽7 these trousers are dirty and wet 一 fll change into mya. anotherb trousersc. othersd

11、other【陷阱】容易误选a、bo【分析】最佳答案为c。是从语法上看，another后通常接单数名词，而不接trousers这样的复 数名词(若用another pair则对以)；也不能选trousers是因为填它句子意思不通。最佳答案应选 c, others相当于other trousers,其中的other与前面的these相对照。8 her lecture was hard to follow because she kept jumping from one subject to.a. otherb. the otherc. the othersd. another【陷阱】容易误选b。

12、选择依据可能是one. the other.这一常用结构。【分析】最佳答案为d。使用o ne. the other.时，我们通常是针对两者而言的，即指“两者 屮的一个，另一个"；如果所谈论的情况不是针对两者而言的，而是针对多者而言的，那么 我们就不宜在one后使用the other,而考虑用another。又如(答案均选d,即选another)：(1) those cakes look delicious could i haveone?a. olhcrb. the otherc. the othersd. another(2) i have many such novels. i&

13、#39;ll bringtomorrow.a. olhcrb. the otherd. anotherc. the others(3) saying is one thing and doing isa. otherb. the otherd. anotherc. the others比较以下各例:(l)shuteye, jim.a. anotherb. some otherc. otherd. the other答案选d,因为人的眼睛只有两只，故用onethe other结构。(2) il's sometimes hard to tell one twin froma. anothe

14、rb. some otherc- otherd the other答案选d, twin意为“挛生子之一 j "双胞胎之一=即指两者之_,故用one . the other .这一结构。9. there are four bedrooms,with its own bathroom.a. allb. each此题容易误选a,认为既然前面出现了 four bedrooms,故填all与之对应。其实，此题的最佳 答案应为b,原因是空格后的隐藏信息its,它表示空格处应填一个单数代词，但是不能选c,因为 every不能这样单独使用。10"it's said that he

15、is a wise leader. "oh, no, he isbut a wise leader."a. anythingb. anyonec. anybodyd. anywhere【陷阱】容易误选b、co因为句子主语指人，似乎只有b、c才与之一致。【分析】其实，正确答案应选a。因为anything but是习语，意为“根本不是"或“一点也不”， 不仅可用于事物，也可用于人。如：i'll do anything but that.我绝不会干那种事。the party was anything but a success.晚会根本不成功。her fathe

16、r was anything but a poet.她父亲根本不是诗人。such a man was anything but a hero.那样的人绝不算英雄。11 tellyou like it makes no difference to me.a.anyoneb. whoc. whoeverd. what【陷阱】容易从中文字面来理解而误选a或b。【分析】最佳答案选c。但若将a, b两项合起來，即用anyone who这样的形式则也可以。选c, whoever引导一个宾语从句，用作动词tell的宾语。同样地，请看以下类似试题：(1) comes is welcome.a. anyoneb

17、. whoc. anyone whod. everyone此题很容易误选a,因为从汉语意思来分析，可理解为“任何人来都欢迎”，但若选a,此句的 结构是混乱的，句中有两个谓语动词comes和is,但却只是一个句子。此题应选c, anyone是句 子主语，who comes是修饰anyone的定语从句。(2) comes to see me, tell him fm out.a. anyoneb. whoc. whoeverd. eveiyone此题很容易按汉语意思误选a,其实应选co whoever引导的是让步状语从句，相当于no matter whoo(3) sarah hopes to be

18、come a friend ofshares her interests.a. anyoneb. whomeverc. whoeverd. no matter who此题不能选a,假若选a,应在其后加上who,即用anyone who；也不能选b, 是因为空格 处应填一个作主语的词(因为其后有谓语动词shares),二是因为在现代英语屮whomever这个词已 基本废除(也就是说，在现代英语中whoever既用作主语，也用作宾语，如：give it to whoever you see in the meeting-room.你在会议室里看见谁就把它给谁)；也不能选d,因为no matter

19、who只用于 引导让步状语从句，不用于引导名词性从句。此题正确答案为c, whoever在此相当于anyone who0比较下例，答案应选a,而不是b、c或d(注意句意):it was a matter ofwould take the position.a. whob. whoeverc. whomd. whomever12. the teacher told us that the problem was noteasy and that vve should thinkovercarefully.a. such, itb. that, itc. such,不填d. that,不填【陷阱】

20、容易根据汉语字面意思误选c。【分析】最佳答案选be第一空填that, that用作副词，相当于so,又如：is it always that hot?总那么热吗？（其屮的that hot可以换成so hot,但不能换成such hot）i can only tell you that much.我只能告诉你这么多。（其中的that much可以换成so much,但 不能换成such much）注意第一空不能填such,因为such不用作副词，即它不用于修饰形容词。另外，汉语中说“好好想一想"，通常可以不带宾语，但英语中的think over是及物动词，如果 用它來表示“好好想一想&

21、#39;'，应根据上下文的语境让它带上适当的宾语，所以本题应用think it over, 相当于 think the problem over。13. the camera isn't good enough; i want to change.a. anotherb. a good onec. it with anotherd. it for another【陷阱】容易根据汉语字面意思误选a、bo【分析】此题最佳答案为d。英语中的change sth表示的是“换某物二sth是被换的东西，而 change sth for sth else表示的才是“用某物换另一物比佼：tha

22、t coat was too large and i had to change it.那件外套太大了，我得去换一件。that coat was too large and i had to change it for a smaller one.那件外套太大 了，我得去换一件小 一点的。14.1 agree with most of what you said, but i don't agree with.a. everythingb. anythingc. somethingd. nothing【陷阱】此题容易误选b,生搬硬套不定代词用法规则：something用于肯定句，any

23、thing用 于否定句或疑问句。【分析】其实此题应选a,注意前文的i agree with most of what you said（我同意你说的大部分 内容），其后的not与everything构成部分否定，意为“不是所有的都同意”，前后两部分用转折连词 but连接，语气通顺、连贯。请看一个类似的例子：likes money, but money is not.a. everyone, everythingb. anyone, anythingc. someone, nothingd. nobody, everything最佳答案选a,句意为“大家都喜欢钱，但钱不是万能的”。15. &qu

24、ot;is therehere?" "no, bob and tim have asked for leave."a. anybodyb. everybodyc somebodyd nobody【陷阱】此题容易误选ao认为这是一般疑问句，要用anybodyo【分析】其实此题应选b,主要与上下文的语境有关。全文语境为：“大家都到齐了吗？没有,bob和tim两人请假了。”假若我们将此题作如下变换，则情形就会有所不同：“is therehere? “yes, i'm upstairs. please come and help me：a. anybodyb. e

25、verybodyc somebodyd. nobody此题的最佳答案应是a,而不是b。请再看一例："do you haveat home now, mary?” "no, we still have to get some fruit and tea/?a. somethingb anythingc. everythingd nothing答案选c,句意为“玛丽，现在家里东西都准备齐了吗？ ”“还没有，我们还要买些水果和茶。” 16"if you want a necklace, fll buy one for you at once： “oh、no. a nec

26、klace is notthat i needmost.a. anythingb. somethingc nothingd everything【陷阱】此题容易误选a,机械地套用以下规则：something用于肯定句anything用于否定句 或疑问句。【分析】当然以上规则在通常情况下是有效的，但此句不属通常用法。此题的最佳答案应是b, something在此的意思不是“某种东西”，而是指“那种东西"或,这种东西”，即心中最想要的那种东西 (相当于the thing)o同样地,下面几题的最佳答案也是something,而不是anything：(1) its notthat we wa

27、nt to talk about; lets change the subject.a anythingb.somethingc nothingd.everything(2) its noti enjoy; i do it purely out of a sense of duty.a. anythingbsomethingc nothingd.everything(3) self-control is notthat comes with your birth.a. anythingbsomethingc nothingd.everything(4) this is notthat woul

28、d disturb me anywaya. anythingbsomethingc nothingdeverything17. some say one thing, but.a. other, anotherb others, anotherc. others, the otherd. the others, others【陷阱】儿个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案选b。but others another为but others say another之省略。在并列句中, 面分句与前面分句有相同的词，常把后一分句屮的相同部分给省略掉，以避免重复。女山one soldier was kil

29、led and another wounded.有一名士兵被打死，另一名被打伤。（wounded 略 了 was）i work in a factory and my brother on a farm.我在工厂工作，我弟弟在农场工作。（on a fann 略 了 works）my room is on the second floor and his on the third.我的房间在三楼，他的房间在四楼。（on the third前省略了 is）he is a hard-working student,a. thatwho will be successful in whatever c

30、areer he chooses.b. he若后前省前省c. oned. which【陷阱】儿个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】此题答案选c, one相当于a studento类似地，以下各题也选one,它们分别相当于atable, a break, a question, a mexican carpet, a moment：(1) a table made of steel costs more thanmade of wood a. oneb. itc. thosed. which(2)"why don't we take a little break?” "di

31、dn't we just havea. itb. thatc. one(3) the question isa. thatd. thisof great importance.b. itc. oned. what(4) she wants a mexican carpet, but she can?t afford to buya. oneb. itc. themd. the one(5) meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,a. thatb. onei will always treas

32、ure.c. itd. what代词考点精编陷阱题训练a. heb.itc. whichd. as2. both teams were in hard training;was willing to lose the game.a. eitherb. neitherc anotherd. the other3. there he pointed tolooked like a stone and said thatsyou had to carry home.l tom's mother always told him not to smoke again, butdidnt help

33、.a. that, thatb. what, whatd. as, whichc. which, what4.1 know nothing about the accident excepti read in the paper.a. thatb. forc. whatd.不填5. energy isa. whatmakes one work.c anything 6 don 4 go toa.suchb. somethingd. thatplaces where there is no fresh air.b. soc. thosed which7. the classroom is alm

34、ost empty, where isa. someonec. everyone8. fm afraid we can% have coffee; there'sb. anyoned. no oneleft.a. nothingc. no oneb. none9.worries me isa. it, thatd no any were going to pay for all this.b. that, howc. what, howd. as, that10. he just doesa. thathe pleases and never thinks about anyone e

35、lse.b. whatc. whichd. how11.of you comes first will get the ticket.a. whichb. whicheverc. whod. whatever12. his income is doublea. thatit was five years ago.b. whichc. asd. whcit13. if you want a friend, youtl finda. onein me.b. itc. thatd. him14. oh, how beautiful it is! i likebetter.a. everythingc

36、. nothing15. do you knowa. whose else5sb. anythingd. something friends are coming to our party?b. whos elsec whose elsed. who else's16.leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.a. anyoneb. the personc. whoeverd. no matter who17. jane hopes to become a friend ofshares her interests.a. who

37、meverb. anyonec whoeverd no matter who1& some friends tried to settle the quaixel between mr and mrs smith without hurting the feeling of , but failed.a. noneb eitherc. alld. neither19 一here are the best styles of the clothes. which one do you like?一 they are not so nice as i expected.a. neither

38、b. allc. nothingd. none20< mr ascot, headmaster of the school, refused to acceptof the three suggestions made by thestudents9 union.a. eitherb. neitherc anyd none1 “thei&s coffee and tea; you can havet “thanks：a. eitherb. eachc. oned. it2 “when shall we meet again?" "make itday you

39、like; it's all the same to me.ma. oneb.anyc. anotherd some3 “susan，go and join your sister cleaning the yard： “why? john is sitting there doingnothing?9a. himb. hec. id. me高考英语短文改错考点解析-代词一、考点规律分析短文改错对代词的考查主要涉及人称代词的前后一致性（包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致 性）、人称代词的主格与宾语变化、各类代词的误加与漏用（尤其是一些易受汉语影响的结构）、 某些不定代词的用法（尤其是在意思

40、上用错）、代词在某些习语中的用法等。二、真题单句归纳（1）david pointed to a path which it he thought would probably lead to a village.（去掉 it,因它 与其前的关系代词which语义重复）（全国卷）（2）when we walked to the car, bill smiled and shook head, （head 前加 his,汉语可"摇头", 而英语的习惯要说shake one4s head）（全国卷）（3）we climb everywhere, not only in ameri

41、ca. they have been to europe many times. （they 改 为we,前后人称不一致）（全国卷）（4）and i can't forget the good food you cooked for i. （i 改为 me,因介词z后的人称代词要 用宾格）（全国卷）（5）i hope that both you two could come and visit us some time soon.（去掉 both.因 both 与后 面的two意义重复，况且词序安排也不对）（全国卷）（6）the smiths did his best to make

42、me feel at home, （his 改为 their,因前面的 the smiths 指 的是“史密斯夫妇"或“史密斯一家”，是复数意义）（全国卷）（7）and they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game, （they 改为 we, 根 据句意，主从句的主语应该一致）（全国卷）（8）now 1 can't watch much television, but a few years ago.（去掉 much,因为从下文看作 者现在根本就不看电视）（全国卷）（9）now someo

43、ne at home reads instead. （someone 改为 every one 或 every body.从全文语义 来看，应为“每一个人”）（全国卷）（10）i'm spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it.（去掉 all,因 all 与 whole 语 义重复）（北京春季卷）（11）the day before the speech contest （比赛）english teacher talked to me. （english 前加 my, teacher为单数可数名词，前面要有限定词）（

44、全国卷）（12）i think i liked those classes because i felt that it helped me understand what the world works, （it改为they,因它表示those classes）（北京春季卷）（13）.in any other words, i am an only child.（去掉 any,因 in other words 为固定短语， 意思是“换句话说”）（全国卷）（14）for example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a sec

45、ret place i couldn't find, （them改为it,因它指代上文提到的a chocolate cake）（北京春季卷）（15）then he ate it all, by himself. he never helped other. （other 改为 others, others 泛指"其 他人”）（北京春季卷）（16） the three of them were very excited, （them 改为 us,因短文用的是第一人称）（全国 卷）（17）but his parents think going to college is more

46、 important than playing sports and college is the only place for a smart boy like his son. （his 改为 their,因要与其前的 his parents 保持一致）（安 徽春季卷）（18）according to studies, any children spend more time watching television than they spend in school, （any改为many / some,由句意决定）（北京春季卷）（19）.and tried to translate an

47、ything into english. （anything 改为 everything, 根据上 卜文句 意确定）（全国卷）（20）.as i was learning to express me in simple english, （me 改为 myself, express oneself 为 固定结构，意为“表明意思、意见，表达思想”）（全国卷）（21）one day i wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. （showed 后加 it, showed 在此作 及物动词，后面缺少宾语）（全国卷）(21) at once i ap

48、ologize and controlled me at my best till the dinner started, (me 改为 myself, 根据主语和句意，此处应用反身代词)(江苏卷)(22 ) and every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own (your 改为 their, 主语是more and more people,故用代词their)(浙江卷)if any one of us had any difficulty in our life or study, the other

49、 would help him out (other 改为others,因为当某个人遇到困难时，“其余的所有人”都会帮他，而不是“另外的那一个人”会帮 他)(天津卷)what's more, you have to be friendly with your pupils and take good care of him. (him 改 为them,因为此处要代替的是your pupils)(湖北卷)三、模拟单句演练here are some letters for you and he.she loves swimming. it keeps she fit.here are th

50、e cats auntie brought us. take good care of it.eveiyone here gets up earlier than her does.here is my dog. it's name is pettyhe opened mouth as if to say something.don't lose your heart. try again.the smiths have been married, but have no children of his own.(9 ) i tell him everything, for h

51、e is a good friend of me.he smiled at her and laid her hand on hers.when you are away from home, you should look after you.if you have any questiont put up hand.it's a very important thing. you must think over carefully.i don't like these； please show me some otherin order to catch the thief

52、 the police did his best.(16 ) this is the book which you bought it for me ten years ago.i'm very sorry about all the whole thing.when i got up, i found parents were preparing breakfast for me.yes, money is very important, but it is not anything.at the airport, all his baggage was stolen, but so

53、on he got them back完形填空：on august 26, 1999, new york city was struck by a terrible rainstorm. the rain caused the streets to 1_and the subway system almost came to a stop.unfortunately, this happened during the morning rush hour. many people who were going to work were 2 to go home some battled to 3

54、 a taxi or to get on a bus. still others faced the _ bravely, walking miles to get to work.15 to be one of people on the way to work that morning. i went from subway line to subway lineonly to find that most 6 had stopped after making my way 7 crowds of people, i finally found a subway line that was 8< unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to 9 the subway that icould not even get down t