2018届高考二轮复习七选五全

1、2018届高考二轮复习届高考二轮复习Gap filling 考考 纲纲 解解 读读考试说明：考试说明：“ 主要考查考生对文章的主要考查考生对文章的整体内容整体内容和和结构结构以及以及上下文逻辑意义上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。的理解和掌握。”从一篇从一篇300词左右的短文词左右的短文后的七个选项中选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，备选项可分为三类：，备选项可分为三类：?主旨概括句（文章整体内容）主旨概括句（文章整体内容）?过渡性句子（文章结构）过渡性句子（文章结构）?注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）解题步骤解题步骤五个步骤五个步骤1.读文章的读文章的开头开头，明确话题，明

2、确话题2.仔细阅读五个空各自的仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句前后句寻找并画出寻找并画出关键词关键词。3. 要对文章中出现的要对文章中出现的衔接手段衔接手段保持敏感度。保持敏感度。（词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接）（词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接）4. 确定选项后，做出确定选项后，做出标记标记（例如可以删掉）（例如可以删掉）5.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。解题技巧解题技巧解题技巧?词汇衔接词汇衔接?逻辑关系衔接逻辑关系衔接?篇章结构篇章结构词汇衔接词汇衔接1. 词汇复现词汇复现复现，是在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进复现，是在

3、文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行行重复描述重复描述。（。（原词原词复现、复现、同义词同义词复现、复现、近义词近义词复复现、现、反义词反义词复现等）复现等）(2016新课标全国卷新课标全国卷I)People have used secret codes for thousands of years.Code breaking never lags (落后落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.The message Bridge

4、out would actually mean Meet me.40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.F. With a code book, you might write down

5、 words that would stand for other words.On the other hand, the advantages of going overseas may include daytoday opportunities to learn a new culture, meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and chances to see different parts of the world._ Those disadvantages include expen

6、se, time away from ones school, family，.AThe following are its advantages.BHowever, there may be a number of disadvantages.CConsider a distance education.DMost of us are adapted to studying at school.2. 同范畴词出现同范畴词出现同范畴词是指跟此词汇同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关相关或或同一领域的词汇同一领域的词汇在文在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。（2012新课

7、标新课标I）Everybody gets stressed time to time. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: (1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. _72_ They might have had similar problems such as dea

8、ling with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation. C . Different people feel stress in different ways E . You need to figure out what the problem is. F . And dont forget about your friends.（2015新课标卷新课标卷I ）Unfortunately, weve all been vic

9、tims of betrayal. Whether weve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. . but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better cho

10、ices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone.C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.3. 代词线索代词线索代词指代前面提及的名词，利用代词指代前面提及的名词，利用指代关系指代关系和和代词的单复数代词的单

11、复数差异解题。差异解题。例如例如it可指代单数名词或整个句子；可指代单数名词或整个句子；they或或them指代复数指代复数名词；名词；one指代单数可数名词；指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词、可数指代不可数名词、可数名词单数或句子；名词单数或句子；this指代单数名词或句子指代单数名词或句子;these 或或those指代前句的复数名词。指代前句的复数名词。（2017全国卷全国卷II）If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40_. If someone knocks and it s not an import

12、ant matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you re busy so they can get the hint(暗示暗示) that when the door is closed, you re not to be disturbed.E. It s important that you let them know when you ll be availableF. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youG.Leave it open

13、when you re available to talk and close it when you re not_37_ Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper. They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful. People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper. In fact, they usually mean that a kid behaves badly w

14、hen feeling angry.ADoctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. BHe said that laughter is much healthier than anger. CAnger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. DSome kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids. 逻辑关系衔接过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：过渡性句子可以从细节

15、逻辑上判断可分为：A 并列并列关系：关系：?First(ly),Second(ly),.；First, then/next,.；In the first place， in the second place.;for one thing,for another thing ,.；then /next ,finally/last .B 递进递进关系：关系：?too ,also, besides, further , furthermore , moreover ,whats more , in addition ,as well , to make matters worse ,not .but

16、. ,not only .but also.C 解释例证解释例证关系：关系：?for example ,for instance ,in fact/as a matter of fact ,actually ,in other words /that is to say .D 因果因果关系：关系：so /therefore ,thus ,consequently, as a result (of), so/ such .that .,so that .E 转折对比转折对比关系：关系：but, however , yet ,while /though ,or /otherwise ,on the

17、 contrary ,instead, nevertheless（然而）（然而）, still ,yet, on the contrary ,in contrast / comparison .F 概况归纳概况归纳关系：关系：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion, in a word ,on the whole , to sum up .（2015全国新课标卷全国新课标卷I ）You didnt lose “everything”. Once t

18、rust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.B. It is puttin

19、g confidence in someone.E. Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G. Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened._ Second, your notes are excellent materia

20、ls to refer to when you are studying for a test.AYou must write your notes on separate paper. BThere are three practical notetaking methods. CFirst, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. 篇章结构1.主题句主题句(2016全国全国)_37_Some people may think that a

21、garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers _.However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.R

22、ecall (回忆回忆)your childhood memoriesAKnow why you gardenBFind a good place for your own gardenFYou can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooGFor each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have?(2017全国全国)?_37_In order to make a change, you need to decide why its

23、important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.? Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to.AGe

24、t a sleep specialist.BFind the right motivation.DAnd consider setting a second alarm.EIf the steps you take are working, keep it up.2. 过渡句过渡句(2016全国全国片段片段)There are three main types of cryptography._37_For example, the first letters of “ My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message “

25、Meet me.”BIn any language, some letters are used more than others.COnly people who know the keyword can read the message.EYou can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.FWith a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.(2017新课标全国卷I)We slept

26、in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends ha

27、d remembered to bring all the necessities of life. A. This time there was no tent.B. Things are going to be improved.D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.3. 段尾句段尾句(2017新课标全国卷新课标全国卷I)If anyone had told me three years

28、 ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me._36_The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, an