初中现在完成时讲解练习及答案

1、a 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开头，持续到现在的动作或状态；现在完成时跨在两个时间之上，一是过去， 一是现在； 它的动作发生在过去， 但对现在有影响 （或结果） ，而这种影响 （或结果） 却往往是说话人的爱好所在， 所以经常后面不用时间状语；现在完成时所表的动作离说话人的说话时刻可近可远，表近距离的；eg. the car has arrived.车子来了；（结果：车子已在门口）someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了；（结果：窗户仍破着）现在完成时句子通常有recently ， lately ，since，for ，i

2、n the past few months/years 等词做时间状语；确定形式： have/has + done否定形式 ： have/has + not +done一般疑问句 ： have 或 has 放于句首；b现在完成时的用法1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响；所以经常后面不用时间状语；现在完成时所表的动作离说话人的说话时刻可近可远；eg. he has gone to london. he has been to london.2）现在完成时所表示的动作开头于过去，连续到现在，或许仍会连续下去；常用for和 since 表示一段时间的状语或so far ，no

3、w ，today，this week month ，year等表示包括现在时间在内的状语；eg. he has studied english for 5 years. he has studied english since 2001. now i have finished the work.留意： 表示短临时间动作的词，如:come，go， die， marry ， buy 等的完成时不能与for ，since 等表示一段时间的词连用；用来连续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live ， study，be，wait 等，常和 since（自从）或for（经受）引导的词语连用；如：i h

4、ave lived here for more than thirty years. 我已在此住了30 多年；3）现在完成时仍可用在时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时完成的动作；eg. i lgl o to your home when i have finished my homework.if it has stopped snowing in the morning ， we will go to the park.现在完成时练习一、单项挑选；1、bothhis parents look sad . maybethey what's happened to him .a.knew

5、b.have knownc.must knowd.will know2、hehas beentoshanghai , hashe .a. alreadyb.never c.ever d.still3、haveyoumetmrli ？a.justb.agoc.befored. a moment ago 4、the famous writer one new book in the past two year .a. iswritingb.waswritingc.wroted.haswritten5、 our country a lot so far . yes . i hope it will

6、be even .a.haschanged ; wellb.changed ; good c.has changed ; betterd.changed ; better6、zhao lan already in this school for two years .a. was ; studyingb. will ; studyc. has ; studiedd. are ; studying7、we xiaolisinceshewasalittlegirl .a. knowb.hadknownc. haveknownd.knew 8、harry potter is a very nice

7、film .i it twice .a. willseeb.haveseen c.sawd.see9、 thesefarmershavebeentotheunitedstates . really . when there .a. willtheygob.didtheygoc.dotheygod.havetheygone10、 you yourhomeworkyet . yes . i itamomentago .a.did ; do ; finishedb.have ; done ; finished c.have ; done ; havefinishedd.will ; do ; fin

8、ish11、 hisfather thepartysince1978 .a.joinedb.has joinedc.was ind.hasbeenin12、 do you know him well . sure .we friends since ten years ago .a.wereb. have beenc. have becomed. have made13、 how long have you here . about two months .a.beenb.gonec.comed.arrived14、 hurryup. theplay fortenminutes .a.hasb

9、egunb.hadbegunc.hasbeenond.began15、 it tenyearssinceheleftthearmy .a.isb.hasc.willd.was16、 missgreenisn'tintheoffice . she tothelibrary .a.hasgoneb. wentc.willgod.hasbeen17、myparents shandongfortenyears .a. havebeeninb. havebeentoc.havegonetod. havebeen18、 the students have cleaned the classroom

10、, .a. so theyb. don t theyc. have theyd. haven t they19、 has mr white been a member of greener china since he to china.a. how soon, comesb. how often, gotc. how long, camed. how far, arrived 20 、 his uncle for more than 9 years.a. has come hereb. has started to work c. has lived thered. has left the

11、 university 21.when he arrived at the bus stop, the bus for 20 minutes.a. has leftb. had leftc. has been awayd. had been away22. i the league for 5 years so far.a. joinedb. have joinedc. have been in 23.the factorysince the february of 1988.a . hasbeen openb. has openedc. wasopend. opened24. mary an

12、d rose friends since they met in 2000.a. have made b. have been c. maded. have become25. you mustn't until he comes back.a. be awayb. leavec. be left26. the meeting for a week now. a. has finishedb. has endedc. has been over27. miss gaothis school for nearly 5 years.a. has been inb. has come toc

13、. has taught28. ben a teacher for 4 years .a. has beenb. has becomec. wasd. became29. i home for a week.a. have returnedb. have been backc. returned30. how long he .a. diedb. has, diedc. has, been dead31. heat eight yesterday afternoon. a. sleptb. was sleepingc. has sleepd. had slept32. he the car f

14、or a week.a. boughtb. has boughtc. has had33.-how long you ill . -two weeks.a. did fallb. have, fellc. have, been34. since 2000, he his hometown. a. has leftb. has moved awayc. has been away from35. i'll lend you the book , but you can only it for 2 days.a. borrowb. keepc. take 36.the bus on the

15、 road for 2 hours so far.a. has stoppedb. stoppedc. has been 37.are you the jacket these days.a. wearingb. putting onc. dressingd. on 38.he for 2 hours.a. got upb.has got upc. has been up39. tom is illin hospital. hea cold for several days.a. isb. catchesc. has caughtd. has had40.- how long can i th

16、e book.- two weeks.a. borrowb. lendc. getd. keep二、句型转换；1、he has never surfed, .（改成反意疑问句）2、they have been here since 2000. 对划线部分提问have they been here.3、the old man last year. he for a year. die（动词填空）4、this factory opened twenty years ago. 同义句转换 this factory for twenty years.5、miss gao left an hour ag

17、o.同义句转换 miss gao an hour ago.6、her mother has been a party member for three years . （同义句） hermother thepartythreeyears .7、the green family moved to france two years ago. 同义句转换 two years the green family moved to france.8、the bus has arrived here. it arrived ten minutes ago. 把两个句子合并成一个句子三、汉译英；1、 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了；2、 他昨天收到一封信；3、 我父亲以前到过长城；4、 她仍没有看过那部新电影；5、 她去过上海；6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？参考答案：一、单项挑选；1、b ；2、 b；3、c4、d；5、c6、c 7 、c8、b ；9、b ；10、b11、d； 12、b13、a14、c15、a ；16、 a ；17、a二、句型转换；18、d19、c20、 c1、has he.2、 how long3、died, has been dead4、has been open5、has been away6、joined ； ago7、it is, since8