初中英语情态动词讲解练习和答案解析

1、.word. 格式 .情态动词一、 考点、热点回忆【词汇辨析】1. sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time:sometimes:“有时” =at times. he is sometimes late for school. some times:“几次”i have been to nanjing some times. sometime:“某一时刻”i bought it sometime last spring.well meet again sometimenext week. some time:“一段时间” we have to stay

2、 here for some time.2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little(1) many 修饰可数名词，much修饰不行数名词；都表示很多；例如： 很多书很多牛奶2a few和 a little都表示 " 有一点儿 " ，侧重于确定，相当于"some" ，但 a few 修饰可数名词，a little修饰不行数名词，例如：he has a few friends in london.-would you like some coffee.-yes, just a little.3few和 little

3、表示 " 几乎没有 " ，侧重 否定 ；few 后接可数名词，little后接不行数名词；例如：he is a strange man. he has few words. hurry up, there is little time left.【固定搭配】 加-ingbe busy doing sth.忙于做eg: mother is busy cooking.lookforwardto+ doingsth.期望做eg:tomlooksforwardto seeinghisfatheragain. thank you for doing sth.为了感谢你eg: than

4、k you for your help.have fun doing sth开心地做某事eg: i had great fun playing in the water.=have a good time doing stheg: i had a good time playing in the water. have problem/trouble/difficulty indoing sth.做某事有困难eg: i have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours.【情态动词】又叫情态助动词；它们具有以下特点 ： 它们必需与其他动词连用，即：

5、情态动词动词原形表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等； 绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加-s（ 以 be 和 have开头的情态动词短语除外）； 在意义上，情态动词具有“多义性” ；例： can 既可表示才能，又可表示可能、答应等意义；【情态动词的基本用法】.专业资料 .整理共享 .1. can的基本用法：.word. 格式 . 表示体力或智力上的才能，即“能够，会 ”，可与be able to转换；例： he can speak english. = he is able to speak english. can you play basketbal

6、l. no, icant.假如表示 将来 具备的才能，要用willbe able to；例： if i have a good sleep, i will be able to do the problem. 表示 许可 ，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may；例： can we go home now, please. no, youcant.you can only smoke in this room.you cantkeep the library books for more than a month. 表示“ 可能 ”，与 may 同义，但一般用在疑问句中；例： what can he

7、 possibly want.在否定句中，否定形式can t 表示估计“ 不大可能 ”；例： anybody can make mistakes.the newscantbe true.与第一、二人称连用时，仍可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议 ；在这里，也可用 could使语气动听 ；例： can / could we meet again next week.下周我们可以再见面吗？ what shall we do.我们怎么办呢？ we can / could try asking lucy for help.我们可以请露茜帮忙试试看；you can / could help

8、me with the cooking.你可以帮我做饭；2. may 的基本用法 : 表示“ 许可 ”，用 can 比较口语化；例： you may / can come if you wish.假如你想来，你就来；you may not pick flowers in this park.本公园内不许摘花；（ may not 表示按规定不许可，假如用mustnt 就表示说话人不许可；） may i smoke here.我可以在这里抽烟吗？ no, youmustnt.不行；（ mustnt 表示明确的禁止；） 确定句中表示估计，“可能”；例： it may rain tomorrow.明天

9、可能会下雨；the news may not be true.这个消息可能不会是真的；留意：假如 在疑问句中表示“可能”，通常用can ；例： can it be true.那会是真的吗？who can he be.他到底是谁呢？ 【留意】 ： may i/we？ yes, youmay./ no, youmustnt.3. must的基本用法 :.专业资料 .整理共享 .word. 格式 . 表示 必需 ，强调说话人的主观意志；例： i mustgo now, or ill be late.you must be here byten o clock.【留意】 ：表示“必需 “时， must

10、 的否定式为neednt ，或 don t have to ,而不是 mustnt ；也就是： must i/we do it now？ yes, youmust . no, youneednt / dont have to.例： must i go with them. no, you. 表示 估计 ，一般只用于确定陈述句 , 表示特别确定；例： she didn t look at me. shemust be angry.她不朝我看，肯定是愤怒了； he is good at english. he must know the word.他英语好，准知道这个词； you must be

11、mr. jones.想必您就是琼斯先生吧；4. have to的基本用法：have to 可视为情态动词，但它与其他情态动词在用法上稍有不同；其他情态动词没有人称和数的变化，而have to却有人称和数的变化，要视主语的不同而变化；例： i / you / we / theyhaveto.he / she / ithas to.you donthaveto.does shehave to.have to =have got to，意思是“ 必需，不得不”；和 must 不同之处： must 强调主观需要have to强调客观需要；例： sorry, ihave toleave now.对不起，

12、现在我得走了；i ve got togo to a meeting.我得去参与一个会议；will hehave towork deep into the night.他将不得不工作到深夜吗？5. need的基本用法：need 的基本词义是“需要”，它既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词； need用作 情态动词 时，只用于否定句和疑问句；它只有一种形式，后接动词原形；例： i don t believe youneed worry.我信任你没有必要着急； need we go so soon.我们需要这么早就去吗？ yes, wemust . / no, weneednt.是的，必需；不，不必；so

13、 ineednt tell him, need i.所以我不需要告知他，对吧？请比较以下两句话的不同意思：you neednt buythe coat.你没有必要买那件外衣；（你仍没买）you neednt have boughtthe coat.你没有必要买这件外衣的；（而你却买了）【留意】 ： needi/we？yes， you must./ no, youneednt /donthave to. need 用作实义动词时，有时态、人称和数的变化；假如 人作主语 ，一般后接带to 的动词不定式；即need to do sth；.专业资料 .整理共享 .word. 格式 .假如 物作主语 ，

14、一般后用need to be done或 need doing sth；例如： i need to look up this word in the dictionary.my watch needsmending / to be mended.我的手表需要修理了； we dont needto work today.= weneedntwork today. does he need to go right now.= need he go right now.6. had better的基本用法：had bette r 常略作 d better；现代语法认为它是一个助动词，由于它后接不带t

15、o 的动词不定式；had better do sth意思是“最好做某事；仍是做某事比较好”；例： youd betterget some sleep.你最好睡一会儿；youd better notdo that again.你最好别再做那件事；what had we better do now.我们现在怎么做才好呢？hadntwe better tell her the truth.我们是否最好不告知她真相.【留意】： youdbetter. 表示劝说或委婉的命令，对长辈不宜使用；7. could, should, would, might表示估计：. must 多用于确定句中表示把握性极大的

16、估计, 意思为“ 肯定、确定 ”；如 : you have worked hard all day. you must be tired.你已辛苦工作一成天了, 肯定累了；the book must be his. his name is on the cover.这本书肯定是他的, 封面上写着他的名字；【留意】 must不表估计时 , 在确定句中意思为“必需 强调内在的职责 ”, 在 否定句 中意思为“ 不许、禁止 ”, 以它开头的疑问句否定回答常用neednt 或 dont doesn t have to；如 :we must obey the traffic rules.我们必需遵守交通

17、规章；cars mustn t be parked here.此处严禁停车； must we hand in the papers this week.我们必需本星期交论文吗.no, you needn t.不 , 你们不必 本星期交 ；. can / could多用于 否定句、疑问句或感叹句 中表示 估计、怀疑 , 两者在时间上没有差别；用can时不信任的程度更强一些,cant 经常译为 “不行能” ；如:the man under the tree cant betom. he s gone to england.这个人不行能是tom,他已经去英国了；can it be true that

18、 he was fooled by a five-year-old boy.他被一个五岁的孩子愚弄了,这能是真的吗 .could this be an excuse.这会不会是个借口. how can you be so careless.你怎么这样马虎.may / might多用来表示 把握性不大的估计, 意思为“ 或许、可能 ”, might比 may的把握性更小一些；maynot在否定句中经常译为“可能不” ； 留意区分“不行能”与“可能不”在把握性大小上的差异； 如 :mr. wangmay know professor lis telephone number. 王先生或许知道李教授

19、的电话号码；thismight bethe key tom has been looking for.这可能就是汤姆始终在找的钥匙；she may not be there today.今日她可能不在那儿；二、 典型例题【中考链接】.专业资料 .整理共享 .word. 格式 .（）1 who is the man over there. is it mr. li. no, it be him. mr. li is much taller.a. mustn tb. may noc. can td. needn t（）2 must i go with them tomorrow？ no ， you

20、 .a. mustn'tb. shouldn'tc. needn'td. can't（）3 i take some photos in the hall. no, you .a. can, needn tb. must, mustntc. could, won td. may, mustn t（）4 dad, must i finish my homework today. no, you . you may do it tomorrow.a. needn tb. mustntc. dontd. wont（）5 the lake is said to be dr

21、y. is that true. it .look, some kids are swimming in it.a. must be trueb. can t be truec. may not be true（）6 what is your mother going to do this saturday.i m not sure.she go to see my grandmother.a. canb. mustc. may（）7 susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool. it be very expensive. i nev

22、er even dream about it.a. mustb. mightc. can td. shouldnt（）8 listen. is professor johnson giving a report in the hall. no, itbe him. he has gone to japan.a. needn tb. may notc. mustn td. can t（）9 let s go to the west hill park by taxi. oh, it is not far away from here. we take a taxi.a. couldn tb. m

23、ustntc. needntd.cant（）10 can you play the piano. yes, i . i often practice it on weekends.a. needn tb. needc. cantd. can三、课后练习一、用 can, may, must, need, have to, had better的适当形式填空：1. you return the library book on time.2. i not find the way to the hospital. you show me the way.3. i finish the work ri

24、ght now. no, you not. you do it later.4. he said he not come tonight.5. her mother was ill. she stay at home and look after her.6. it s timeforclass.youstopplayingfootballor you be late for class.专业资料 .整理共享 .word. 格式 .7. we start right now, or they would get there first.8. the cloud is lifting, so i

25、t not be a rainy day tomorrow.二、挑选填空（）1. do we have to finish our homework this afternoon. yes, you .a. mustb. canc. mayd. need（）2. must i be in hospital for a week， doctor. no， you. you can go back home tomorrow.a.mustntb.needntc. must（）3. the desk is not dirty. you clean it.a.mustntb.shouldn tc.ne

26、edntc.cant（）4. may i watch tv for a while？ no, you . you have to finish your homework first.a. shouldn tb. needntc. mustntd. wont（）5. is jessica giving us a speech this evening. no, it be her. she to japan.a.mustnt; has goneb.mustnt ;has beenc.cant ;has goned. cant ;has been（）6. its the library. so

27、you know shouting is not allowed here.a. canb. mustc. needd. may（）7. boys and girls,dont forget your report . it today.a. can t finishb. can t be finishedc. should finishd. should be finished（）8. mr smith must have been to your home this morning. no, he ,because he didnt know my address.a. couldn tb

28、.cantc.mustntd. may not（）9. must i mop up the window now. no, you .a. needntb.cantc.shouldn td.mustnt（）10. is lucy knocking at the door. no. it be lucy. she is in japan now.a. needn tb. mustc. cant（）11. another cup of coffee. no, thanks. i be off. mary is waiting for me.a. canb. mayc. mustd. might（）

29、12.i m a little tired. lets go to the zoo by taxi. wetake a taxi. its not far from here.a. can tb. mustn tc. couldn td. needn t（）13. if the traffic light is red, you cross the road. its very dangerous.a. don tb. mustntc. needntd. wouldnt（）14. must i finish watering the flowers now.专业资料 .整理共享 . no, y

30、ou .word. 格式 .a. mustb.wontc. needntd. cant（）15.i can t give up smoking, doctor.for your health, im afraid you .a. mayb. canc. have tod. must（）16.itisusuallywarm inmy hometown inmarch,butitbe rathercoldsometimes.a. mustb. canc. shouldd. would（）17. our class won the english speaking contest. congratu

31、lations. you be very proud of it.a. canb. needc. wouldd. must（）18. excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting.i m not sure. ask our monitor, please. heknow.a. canb. mayc. needd. shall（）19. i borrow these magazines. sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed.a. mustb. wouldc. m

32、ayd. need（）20. if the traffic light is red, you cross the road. its dangerous.a. don tb. needntc. mustntd. wouldnt.专业资料 .整理共享 .word. 格式 .典型例题例 1 答案c分析：表示否定的推测用cant； must 表示估计时，意为“肯定”，只能用于确定句，而must 的否定 must not（ mustn't）表示“不应当”、“不许可”、“不准”、“禁止”等；例 2 答案c 分析：在回答带有must 的问句时，否定式常用need not = needn't，表示“不必”，而不用 must not，由于 must not表示“不行以”；例 3 答案 d分析：此题第一句是恳求对方的答应，需要用may，其否定式为mustnt ；例 4 答案 a；对于以情态动词must 提问的疑问句， 否定回答要用“ no, 主语+neednt ”，故由问句中的must和答句中的no 可选 a