非谓语动词学案(附答案)

1、非 谓 语 动 词动词除了在句子中充当谓语外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质动词的非谓语形式，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语等，称作非谓语动词，包括动词不定式、分词和动名词。高考重点要求：1、注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定非谓语动词的时态形式2、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式一、理论知识 （ 全优课堂 p302-304页请找出以下句子的谓语动词和非谓语动词the dinosaur was forced to adapt and evolved into a smaller animal needing less space and f

2、ood. 谓语动词 _ 非谓语动词_ 非谓语动词的三种基本形式表主动，将来_ 表主动，进行_ 表被动，完成_ 分析一下不定式的形式及意义1/ we all expect the boy to win the match. ( to do 表 _) 2/ the problem to be discussed tomorrow is of great importance. ( to be done 表_) 3/ tom was considered to have broken the cup. ( to have done 表_) 4/ the cup was considered to h

3、ave been broken by tom. ( to have been done 表_) 5/ the boy is pretending to be listening carefully. ( to be doing 表_ ) 分析一下动词ing 的形式及意义1/ the girl standing over there is my sister. ( doing 表 _) 2/ the road being repaired now is called binjiang road. ( being done 表_ ) 3/ having finished her homework,

4、 lily went out to play table tennis. ( having done 表 _) 4/ having been told the bad news, he couldn t help crying. (having been done 表 _) 分析一下动词ed 的形式及意义the photo taken by the photographer is quite eye-catching. ( done 表_) 非谓语动词的否定式：not 放在该非谓语动词之前如： not to be done, not having been done, not done any

5、 difference between “done” and “having been done”?被告知了这令人兴奋的消息，他感到兴奋。having been told the exciting news, he was excited. told the exciting news, he was excited. * having been done 和 done 都可以作状语表示动作完成和被动，但 having been done 强调动作发生在谓语动词之前。这是一栋由著名建筑师设计的楼房。this is a building designed by a famous architec

6、t. ( right) this is a building having been designed by a famous architect.(wrong) * done 可作后置定语having been done 不能充当后置定语非谓语在句子中可充当的成分：主语宾语表语定语状语补语to dov-ingv-ed二、做题方法1. _many times , but he still couldnt understand it . 2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it . a.having been told b. told c.

7、he was told d. though he had been told （一） 、分析 _，确定 _与_. （二） 、找逻辑 _, 确定 _. （三） 、找 _，确定 _. 1. it _ a hot day, so we decide to go out. 2. it _ a hot day , we d better go swimming.3. _ a rainy day; we decided not to go out. a.is b. to be c. being d. it being e. it was f. been 注意标点符号 常出现的考点1.英语中有很多与感觉有关

8、的及物动词,其现在分词表示“令人的”,其过去分词表示(人)感到的”. 如： astonished , astonishing.2.一些 过去分词 因来源于系表结构，作状语时 不表示被动而表示状态，这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(迷路 ), seated(坐)，born(出身于 ), relaxed(放松 ), worried/ surprised , lost /absorbed in(沉迷于 ); dressed in(穿着 ); tired of ( 厌烦 ) eg: lost in thought, he didn t catch what i said. dressed in

9、a suit, he looks smart today.3. 使役动词和感官动词句式意思宾语宾补关系have sb. do sth. (get sb. to do) have sth./sb. doing sth.have sth. donesee sb. do sth. see sb. doing sth. see sth./sb. done 4.分词作状语时 , 分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致?given another chance, i can also pass the exam. ?following the teacher, the children went to the pa

10、rk. 5. 不定式作状语，常表示目的?tim sat near the fire to get warm. ?the athletes practised hard to win the match. 6. only to do - 表示结果?i tried the door, only to find it locked inside. 7. 当物做主语时,在 need, want, require 动词后常用动词-ing 形式的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于不定式的被动形式. ?the questions need discussing. ?the questions need to be

11、 discussed. 8. 有些动词后既可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语,意思区别不大;有些动词后既可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语,意思区别很大 . remember _记住去做某事(不要忘记做 ) remember _记得做过某事 (已做 ) forget _忘了去做某事(没做 ) forget _ 忘记了做过某事(已做 ) regret _遗憾要做某事(say / tell / inform) regret _懊悔做过某事stop _.停止做某事stop _.停下来去做某事mean _.打算 /存心做某事mean _.意味着做某事try _.尝试着做某事try _.尽量 /努力做某事go on

12、 _.继续做某事 (同一件 ) go on _.接着做另外一件事can not help _.不能帮助做某事can not help _.禁不住要做某事9. 不定式的主动形式表示被动意义1/.不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系, 有和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时?if you want to make even greater progress in your studies, you still have many difficulties to overcome. ?he needs a room to live in.2/. 动词不定式放在作表语和宾语补足语的形容词后,(主语

13、+系动词+形容词+不定式;主语+动词+宾语+形容词+不定式), 不定式用主动表被动?the question is difficult to answer. ?the passage is too hard to translate . ?i found the car comfortable to ride in . ?he s a man easy to get on with . ?that makes poetry difficult to write . 3/. 不定式与疑问代词连用时?in society, i really don t know who to compete fa

14、irly with. ?she is a mother of two children, so she knows what to expect in her job. 三、非谓语动词与高考1. 非谓语动词在语法填空的考查（2007 年） while she was getting me _34_ (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to (35)_ a _ small town some 20 kilometres aw

15、ay (36) where there was a garage. (2008 年) chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in chinese people s daily life. (31) behind these proverbs there are often interesting stories. for example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop _32_ (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. (20

16、09 年) jane was walking round the department store. she remembered how difficult (31) it was to choose a suitable christmas present for her father. she wished that he was as easy _32_ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. (2010 年) after the student left, the teacher let (36)

17、another student taste the water. he spit it out, _37_(say) it was awful. apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container （2011 年）i got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then i noticed a man _18 (sit) at the front. behind him were other people to 21.whom he was tr

18、ying to talk, but after some minutes, 22. he walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed. (2012 年) mary will never forget the first time she saw him. he suddenly appeared in class one day, _ (wear) sun glasses. (2013 年) in the beginning, there was only a very small amount of unfairness in the world

19、, but everyone added a little, always _(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today. (2014 年) we got a little _ (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn t mind. 2. 非谓语动词在高考写作中的应用2008 广东高考基础写作： 射击最初只是生存工具，19 世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。 shooting was

20、originated as a means of survival and developed into a sport only in the late 19th century. shooting, _ as a means of survival, developed into a sport only in the late 19th century. 2009 广东高考基础写作：时间 : 上周末对象 : 眼科医生（ eye-doctor）王教授主题 : 我国中小学生近视(short-sightedness)问题last weekend, i had an interview with

21、 professor wang, an eye-doctor. it was concerning the issue of short-sightedness of school children in china. last weekend, i had an interview with professor wang, an eye-doctor, _short-sightedness of school children in china. 2010 广东高考基础写作：受二手烟影响人数：约5.4 亿因二手烟死忙人数：超过10 万/年around 540 million people a

22、re affected by second-hand smoke and it cause 100,000 deaths a year. around 540 million people are affected by second-hand smoke, _. 基本信息 : （1）发生率 : 略高于 50 （2）人数 : 世界第一according to professor wang, slightly more than half of the school children in our country are short-sighted. it ranks the first in

23、the world. according to professor wang, slightly more than half of the school children in our country are short-sighted, _. 2011 广东高考基础写作：书名： battle hymn of the tiger mother 出版时间： 2010 年a book with the title battle hymn of the tiger mother was published in 2010. a book _battle hymn of the tiger moth

24、er was published in 2010. 书名： battle hymn of the tiger mother 作者： amy chua，美籍华人，耶鲁*大学教授内容：作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事its author is amy chua, a chinese american and professor at yale, who tells stories in her book about how she educated her two daughters in the traditional chinese way. its author amy chua, is

25、 a chinese american and professor at yale, who shares her stories of _ her two daughters in the traditional chinese way. 2012 年广东高考基础写作：姓 名： allan stewart 国 籍：澳大利亚出生日期： 1915 年 3 月 7 日世界纪录： 2006 年获硕士学位时年龄最大allan stewart, of australian nationality, was born on march 7, 1915. he got his first degree in

26、 1936 and then his second degree of doctor of medicine. _ march 7, 1915, allan stewart, (who is) an australian, become the oldest man to obtain a master s degree over the world in 2006. 四、作文常用句背诵1.deeply moved，she thanked me again and again. 她深深地受了感动，再三谢我。2. given more attention，the trees could have

27、 grown better. 如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。3. born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology. 由于在农村出生并长大，他对生物很感兴趣。4. i wont have anything said against her. 我不允许别人说反对她的话。5. seen from the tower, the city looks beautiful. 从塔上往下看，城市显得很美丽。6. moved by the heroic deeds, the children couldnt

28、 help crying. 孩子们被英雄事迹感动，情不自禁地哭了起来。7. learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。8. they went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。9. i didnt mean to hurt you. 我并不想要伤害你。10 he who is ashamed of asking is ashamed of learning. 耻于问人，难以长进。11. living without an aim is like sailing

29、 without a compass. 生活没有目标就如航海没有罗盘。12. a rolling stone gathers no moss. 见异思迁，终无收获（滚石不生苔）13. it takes years to grow trees, but a hundred to rear people. 十年树木，百年树人。14he is not fit to command others than cannot command himself. 不能正己，怎能正人15. talking mends no holes. 空谈无济于事。16one lie needs seven lies to w

30、ait upon. 一次撒谎装得像，要有七次假话帮巩固练习1. 用给出的动词的适当形式填空：1. not _ (know) anything about the accident, he went to work as usual. 2. the olympic games, first _ (play) in 776 b.c., did not include women players until 1912. 3. european football is played in 80 countries, _( make) it the most popular sport in the w

31、orld. 4. the purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not _ (make) it more difficult. 5. it is impossible to avoid _ (influence) by advertisements in a modern society. 6. _ (give) time, hell make a first-class tennis player. 7. walking past the park, i couldn t help stopping _( watch) som

32、e children flying kites. 8. there is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars where road conditions need _(improve). 9. don t be discouraged. _ ( take) things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. 10. friendship is like money, easier made than _(keep). 11. the presid

33、ents (attend) _the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. 12. time should be made good use of _ （learn）our lessons well. 2. 用非谓语动词形式改写一下句子：1/ after the young athletes were inspired by the superstars on television, they trained hard and played intensely. 2/ because i followed my tea

34、cher s advice, i made rapid progress in my english learning. 3/ while he was driving along the road, he noticed something strange ahead. 4/ employers who work in that factory were angry at the boss s decision. 5/.though his parents lacked money, his parents managed to send him to university. 6/.beca

35、use it is made of plastic, the suitcase is very light. 7/.the question which will be discussed tomorrow is of great importance. 8/.we ll work two more hours a day because we want to complete the project as planned. 9/.lucy is the first student that admits the mistake. 10/ i heard the bad news and th

36、en i cried. 11/ if i am given more time, i will finish my task more successfully. 12/ the boy didn t obey the rules and therefore he was punished. 3. translate the following sentences into english. （1） 他昨晚没有回家使得他的父母非常担心。（2）这台电脑运作不正常，需要修理。（3）测试的结果很令人失望，所有的科学家都感到很失望。（4）随着很多树被人们砍伐，树林的面积越来越小了。（5）我觉得对那么小

37、的一个孩子来说要掌握三门外语是很困难的。（6）我最大的梦想是有朝一日能成为一个像爱因斯坦那样的科学家。4. 完成下面语法填空题，注意动词形式：（一）what is it to do with our sense of happiness? in the first case, where we don t tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. in the process, we would lose some p

38、eace of mind and self-respect. we would also demonstrate that we cannot lie trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by _1_ (tell) our family and friends. we damage our own reputations by telling others. in contrast, _2_ （bring）the error to the clerk s attention causes different things _3_(happen).

39、immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. upon _4_(leave)the store ，we feel honorable and our self-respect _5_ (increase) . whenever we take honorable actions, we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility. there is a beautiful positive cycle that _6_(create) by living

40、a life of honorable actions. honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. and it s easy _7_ (think) and act honorably again when we re happy. while the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it _(start), it s easy to continue. _9_(keep) on d

41、oing good deeds _10_ (bring) us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness. （二）good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. it is a great honor for me_(introduce) this english speech competition. as we all know,_(master) a foreign language is very important for us._(take) part in english speech is

42、 a helpful way _(learn) english. everyone wants _(show) their best. when we have been preparing for it, we can improve our_ (speak) ability, and develop a good habit of _(learn) english. in the process of the competition, you should pay attention to the rules _(make) by us. first, you should make yo

43、ur voice _(hear) clearly by everyone, so reading aloud is very necessary. second, you try your best to express yourself in english fluently. finally, you should finish your speech in five minutes.i am sure the english speech competition will be a great success and the audience will feel _(satisfy) w

44、ith our performance. thank you! 非谓语动词练习答案1. 用给出的动词的适当形式填空：1/ knowing 2/played 3/ making 4/to make 5/ being influenced 6/given 7/ to watch 8/ improving 9/take 10/kept 11/attending 12/to learn 3. 用非谓语动词形式改写一下句子：1/.inspired by the superstars on television, the young athletes trained hard and played intensely. 2/.following my teacher s advice, i made rapid progress in my english learning. 3/. driving along the road, he noticed something strange ahead. 4/.employees working at that fact