直接与间接语法ppt课件

1、直接引语直接引语direct speech间接引语间接引语indirect speechShe said she had been to many countries.She said she would call on you the next day.I am good at dancing.I visited the Great Wall yesterday.She said she had visited the Great Wall the day before.She said she was good at dancing. Jack said to me, “You look

2、worried today. Jack told me that I looked worried that day.直接引语是陈说句直接引语是陈说句, ,变为间接引变为间接引语时用连词语时用连词thatthat引导宾语从句引导宾语从句. .从句中的人称从句中的人称, ,时态时态, ,指示代词指示代词, ,时间状语时间状语, ,地点状语等相应变化地点状语等相应变化. .直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语(时态的变化时态的变化) 普通如今时普通如今时 如今进展时如今进展时 如今完成时如今完成时 普经过去时普经过去时 普通未来时普通未来时口诀说明直接引语间接引语一一随随主主二随宾二随宾第三第三人称

3、人称不变不变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称在变间引后人称不变称不变She said,“ I like Tennis.She said that she liked tennis.He said to Lily,“ you must get up early.He told Lily that she must get up early.She said to me ,“ They want

4、tohelp him.She told me that they wanted tohelp him.一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示代词指示代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性动词方向性动词 this, that, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day

5、before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next daynext month the next month here there come, go,bring take 1.She said, I am very happy to help you.She said that she was very happy to help you. 2.He said, I havent seen her today.He said that he hadnt seen her that day.3.The teacher said to us, Th

6、e moon moves around the earth.The teacher said to us that the moon moves around the earth.4.“I dont want to go there with Alice, said Tom.Tom said that he didnt want to go there with Alice.Do you like flowers?She asked me whether/if I liked flowers?直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈说语序。要从疑问语序

7、变为陈说语序。直接引语是普通疑问句直接引语是普通疑问句,变为间接引语变为间接引语时时,用连词用连词if或或whether衔接。衔接。直接引语是特殊疑问句直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语变为间接引语时时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。1. He asked me, Do you like playing football?He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.2.He said, “What are you going to do tomorrow?He asked me what I was going

8、to do the next day.3. She asked Jack, “Will you come here this afternoon? She asked Jack whether / if he would go there that afternoon. 4. “When will you go back to work? Mr. Smith asked. Mr. Smith asked me when I would go back to work. 由直接引语转变为间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,以下情况以下情况时态不变时态不变:1. 不变的真理不变的真理 The tea

9、cher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0. The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.2. 经常的习惯：经常的习惯： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day. He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.3. 历史事件：历史事件： T

10、he teacher said, “World War ended in 1945. The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.4. 部分情态动词部分情态动词,如如must, ought to, used to, had better等：等： She said to me, “You must hurry up. She said that I must hurry up.The teacher said, “ The sun is bigger than the earth.The teacher said that the sun is b

11、igger than the earth.特殊特殊: 直接引语假设是客观真理直接引语假设是客观真理,变为变为间接引语时间接引语时,时态不变时态不变. He says, “I am very happy. He said that he was very happy. He says that he is very happy. He said, “The story took place in the 1930s. He said that the story took place in the 1930s. “Ill let you know as soon as I get the tic

12、kets, he told me. He told me that he would let me know as soon as he got the tickets. He said to me, “Have you done your homework?He asked me if/whether I had done my homework.Mother said, “There are four seasons and twelve months a year.Mother said that there are four seasons and twelve months a ye

13、ar. “What do you want, Sara? Mr. Li asked. Mr. Li asked Sara what she wanted. “How can you see your friends? Anne said to her brother. Anne asked her brother how could he see his friends.单句改错一句一错单句改错一句一错1. He said he has never been to the States.1. Yang Mei said she liked playing volleyball.“I like

14、playing volleyball, said Yang Mei. 2. The little boy said a lot of his friends were coming to his home. A lot of my friends are coming to my home, said the little boy. 3. Tom said he had passed his maths exam.“I passed my maths exam, said Tom. 1. He said , “I m afraid I cant finish this work.2.He sa

15、id , “I havent heard from him since May. He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.4. “Why were you late again? The teacher said to me.The teacher asked me why I was late again.Sarah said she didnt like swimming.5. “I dont like swimming, sa

16、id Sarah.3.Tom said “I will see you next week. Tom said that he would see me the next week. The teacher said，“Dont be late，Mary. The teacher told _. A. Mary not to be late B. Mary to be not late C. Mary are not late D. not to be late间接引语的构成步骤：间接引语的构成步骤：分清句式分清句式人称的变化人称的变化思索时态变化思索时态变化思索状语和代词的变化思索状语和代词

17、的变化直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语(时态的变化时态的变化) 普通如今时普通如今时 如今进展时如今进展时 如今完成时如今完成时 普经过去时普经过去时 普通未来时普通未来时 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示代词指示代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性动词方向性动词 this, that, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next daynext month the next month here there come, go,bring take 口诀说明直接引语间接引语一一随随主主二随宾二随宾第三第三人称人称不变不变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持