基于曲线拟合的饱和蒸汽流量补正算法

1、基于曲线拟合的饱和蒸汽流量补正算法刘平岳'邢友峰'(中冶焦甫自动化有陨公司，大连116085；2.大连华锐重工焦炉车辆设备有很公司，大连h6o35)摘 要：针刈焦化生产中常匝的抱和蒸汽流量补正何哉,提出一种基于曲线拟合的简单计算方法。仿女靖果衣明. 该力法町以彳j效拟合饱和蔑汽温度曲线,i十算仙度较高、计弃过程简单.适用j控;m系统程序度jlh 美锭词：饱和蒸汽瓮度；曲线拟合；控制系统中图分类号：tk313文itt标识码：a 文章编号：1001-3709 ( 202x ) 06- 0045-(mcorrecting calculation for saturated steam

2、 flow ratebased on curve fittingliu pingjuc1 xing youfcng2(i. acre aukkikhkxi cu.ud.,mccjhlian 116085.china；2. dalian huami heavy【nduglry coke oven machinery & vehicle co.,ud.»dalian 116035.china)abstract: in view t»f the con-ection for saturated steam flow rate in cokeniaking producti

3、on,a simple calculation based on curve filling is put forward. the simulation result shows (hat this meth(xl fits very well with temperature curve for the saturated steam .with high precision aiul simple calculation, which can l>e used for programming in control system.key words: saturatcul slram

4、 density; curve glling； control system1工程背景在焦化生产中蒸汽是常见的能源介质,在设计 中经常将一些管道中的蒸汽视为饱和蒸汽来考虑, 如硫回收单元废热偶炉出口蒸汽、制冷站的进口蒸 汽.进油库的低压凝汽等对于饱和蒸汽,通常仅测 量其斥力值或温度值以供流卅计补正使用，而不是 同时提供混度和压力测地值.由于饱和蒸汽不属于 理想气体.再加上测址值缺失，常规的理想气体补正 方法并不适用'工程中测堡饱和蒸汽流1ft时，通常采用查找密 度表的方法来得到泡和蒸汽的近似密度,进而进行 补正运算，补正公式如下。设计=。再魅 /pifzpjiw（1）式中：亿如和。口分

5、别为设计工况下的质量流量和 当前的流量测址值;处计伽岫分别为设计工况下和 收稿日期:202x - 07-15作者简介：刘v昆（w8s），w. t.sfli当前的蒸汽密度。但是查表法需要引入大量的表格数据,且查询 过程遂算效率较低.不太适合各种plc、dcs控制系 统编程使用，为此.本丈借接了一些采用数值迪近 算法简化求取蒸汽密度的方法"刁.并根据焦化生 产中常用的饱和蒸汽温度和压力范围，提出一种基 于多项式曲线拟合的泡和蒸汽流量补正算法.该方 法计算简单、析度高，易于编程实现。2拟合算法及仿真效果木算法主要针对压力范闱为0.15 mpk绝对 压力）、温度范闱为100 - 260乜的饱

6、和蒸汽密度, 行拟合计算：该温度、压力范围根本可以涌盖焦化 生产中涉及的全部饱和蒸汽测wffto2.1饱和蒸汽“压力-密度”拟合曲线焦化生产中使用泡和蒸汽介质时.多数时候仅测址蒸汽的jk力值.本文主要考虑压力范围为0.i 的密度如表1所示 5 mpa时饱和蒸汽的“压力-密度“对应关系.相应表1 0.1-5 mpa饱和蒸汽密度表压力 密度 压力 富度 压力 密度 /mpa /(虹.l) /mp> z( kg-m-5) /mp> /( kg-nf5压力 密度)kjk-m-5hi力 密度 hi力 富度 ik力 密度 ik力 )/mp«/(/mpiz(k-m-5) /mp*./(

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15、33.8141.055.3901.3?6.9561.698.5212.0510.2716518.29300 0.s10 i.s 101$3 力 35404.s$.0栗g力如图1饱和蒸汽压力-密应拟合曲线采用五次多项式对表i中的饱和蒸汽密度数据 进行曲线拟合，依据最小二乘误差准姻，计算得到的 最正确拟合公式如下：p=2. 2 x 10w0. 030 86v + 0. 172 3p'- 0. 422 8p2 +5. 35p+0. 075 67(2)式中：为拟合出的蒸汽密度子为测得的蒸汽压力 tfl：采用公式(2)对密度表数据进行拟合得到的拟 合曲线如图1所示。图1中，横轴为过热1汽压力，单

16、位mp&；纵轴 为饱和蒸汽密度，单位k“”；实线为拟合曲线，原 始数据点由黑色贸点表示。从图1可以看出，拟合 曲线能够很好地表示数据点的变化趋势,i|算平均 误差为0.08% .能够满足丁程使用的要求302.2饱和蒸汽“温度-密度”拟合曲纹有些情况下.也会仅测故饱和蒸汽的温度作为 补正的依据,此时就需要用到饱和蒸汽的.温度-密度”拟合曲线。本文主要考虑温度范围100260 t 的泡和蒸汽，共密度如表2所示。十饱和蒸汽密度表表 2 100-264)饱招蒸汽饱和蒸汽饱和他和饱和簇汽饱和蒸汽饱和蒸汽isltt偌度密度格度密度密度ffseiu也密度ait密度/t /(/置 /(kgk，)&am

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26、.396.858203.488.423212.169.992243.4117.782263.3525.087143.642.162166.123.765181.635.341193.736.907203.778.472212.4210.041 18.037263.9825.355144.542.213166.683.814182.055.390l<m.o76.956204.068.521213.6710.287245.0218.293采用四次多项式，依据最小二乘误差准那么.对 表2中数据求解最优拟台曲线.表达式如下：p = l.419 x 10*广-5. 35 x io"尸 +

27、 i. 131 x 10 尸-0. 105 37 + 3.768（3）式中：为拟合出的蒸汽密度。为测得的蒸汽温度 % 采用公式（3）对密度表数据进行拟合，拟合结 果如图2所示。图2中,横轴为他和蒸汽的温度.单位纵轴 为饱和蒸汽密座.单位kg/m二实线表示拟合曲线， 黑色散点为原始数据点，图2的拟合曲线很好地& 达了密度表中数据的变化趋势，平均拟合误差为 0.1% .可以满足工程应用的要求。图2饱和蒸汽温度-密度拟合曲线（下转第49页）理装置d(3)苯贮罐废气收集。各贮雄安装r自力式调 节装置,旷踊顶部斥力控制在30 ±5尚.保持系统微 正压贮姓出料时采用补充氮气来控制压力。挥发 苯随氮气流经排放ij送至尾气处理装置 1.2废气处理(1) 碱洗,，汇总后的废气经管道送至碱洗塔 注诚洗塔中废气与氢氧化钠溶液逆向接触去除废 气中的h,s等酸性气体。根据吸收液的ph定期置 换碱液一吸收了酸性气体的城液作为碱源送至脱硫 脱m装置，并利用焦化脱硫脱做系统处理被吸收的 酸性气体。(2) 酸洗诚洗后的废气送入酸洗塔.废气中 的氨;等碱性气体与酸洗液逆向接触被吸收脱除，酸 洗使用的是5%的稀硫酸溶液，定期