(新)高考英语二轮复习形容词与副词学案

1、我们一路奋战，不是为了改变世界，而是为了不让世界改变我们山东省高密市教科院2013届高三高考二轮复习英语形容词与副词学案形容词和副词在高考中的考查重点：1 .形容词、副词的作用与位置；多个形容词作定语排列的顺序enough作修饰成分时的位置问题及形容词作后置定语形容词作伴随状语和原因状语2 .表语形容词的特点及连系动词+形容词作表语；3 .形容词、副词比较等级的用法；原级的用法比较级的用法最高级的用法形容词和副词前面使用冠词的情况由as/so组成的形容词或副词短语more /less than及其相关结构4 .容易混淆的形容词、副词的区别。高考例题【2012 湖南】24. Bicycling

2、is good exercise; , it does not pollute the air.A. nevertheless B. besidesC. otherwiseD.therefore【答案】B【考点】本题考察副词含义辨析。【解析】根据句意：“骑自行车是一种很好的运动方式，而且又不会造成大气污染”故选B （besides而且，加之，除此以外）。词汇 副词besides【2012 辽宁卷】22. We used to see each other, but I haven ' t headfrom him since last year.A. especiallyB. regu

3、larlyC. particularly D.approximately【考点】副词词义辨析【答案】B【解析】A项意为“尤其；特别”； B项意为“定期地，经常地”；C项意为“特别，尤其”；D项意为“近似地，大约”。根据句意“我们原来经常见面，但从去 年我就没再收到过他的信”。【2012 四川卷】7. The hotel is almost finished, but it needs one ortwo weeks to get ready for guests.A. only B. also C. even D. still【答案】D【考点】本题考查副词用法【解析】根据句意“这个旅馆差不多竣

4、工了，但仍还要一两周才可以接待客人。”选still (仍然，还)。【2012 北京卷】28. Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs.A. someB. lessC. muchD.more 【答案】D 【考点】形容词考点。比较级，根据句意即刻判断。合成形容词合成形容词指由几个词共同组成并起到形容词作用的词。主要作定语，一般不作表 数词+名词+形容词a ten-metre-wide river 一条十米宽的河a five-year-old girl一个五岁的女孩(2) 形容词(或数词)+

5、名t+-ed a middle-aged man 一位中年男子a fifteen-storeyed building座十五层的大楼 形容词+V-ing 形式a good-looking man 一位英俊的男子 an easy-going woman位随和的女子(4) 名词 +V-ed 形式 a man-made lake 人工湖asnow-covered mountain座被雪覆盖的山 副词/形容词+ V-ed形式a well-known writer位著名的作家a new-born baby个新生儿形容词在句中的作用：(1)作定语作定语时形容词一般放在所修饰词的前面，如果有几个形容词，常按下

6、列顺序排列：限定词+序数词、基数词+性质、状态+大小、长短、高低+形+新旧+颜色+产地、 国籍+ 质地、材料+用途+名词a few big round new black French wooden tables几张新的大面圆的法国黑木桌子the last few unforgettable sunny days令人难忘的最后几个阳光明媚的日.子(2)作表语作表语的形容词位置比较固定，都在系动词之后：He is very devoted to his wife. Her face remained expressionless.但在表语和动词之间有时可插进别的词：She remained co

7、mparatively calm. I feel a little tired.大多数形容词可作定语和表语，但有些形容词通常只作表语，如： afraid, alive,alone, ashamed, asleep, aware, content, due, fond, glad, ill, likely, ready, sorry, sure, unable, unlikely, well等 作宾语补足语 Who left the door open?Martin found the work slightly dull.（4）作状语She came over, eager to help.H

8、e arrived home, hungry and tired.（5）有时可作同位语和独立成分The current affair, the biggest in its history, is being held in Guangzhou.Strange to say, he did pass his exam after all.副词在句中的作用：1 .作状语It snowed heavily last January.（修饰动词）Emily greeted me warmly.（修饰动词）He agreed to come over right away.（修饰非谓语动词）She i

9、s terribly clever.（修饰形容词）You' re driving too fast.（修饰副词）Sure I ' ll help you.（修饰整个句子）2 .作表语：大部分与介词同形的副词可用作表语Mary was down with a slight fever. We are behind in our plan. I must be off now.还有一些表示位置的副词常用作表语When will you be back?I ' ll only be away a few minutes.Is anyone downstairs yet? De

10、nny was still abroad.3 .副词的其他用法（1）副词可用作定语I hope you ' ll enjoy your stay here.The then headmaster ordered these books.（2）副词还可用作宾语补语，构成复合宾语I saw you out with your sister last Sunday.I ' m pleased to see you back.（3）副词用于构成动词短语The flowers gave off a sweet fragrance.They decided to put the meeti

11、ng off.意思有别的同根副词：close接近地closely仔细地，密切地free免费地freely自由地，尢拘尢束地hard努力地hardly几乎不late晚，迟lately近来most最，极其mostly主要地high高highly高度地，非常地deep深，迟deeply深深地loud大声地loudly大声地（含喧闹之意near邻近nearly几乎)形容词副词比较级1 .表不' A超过B:A+谓语 +adj./adv.比较级 +than +BMy room is smaller than yours.Dave drives faster than anyone I know.2

12、 .表不' A不如B:1) A+谓语的否定式 +adj./adv. 比较级+than+B2) A+ 谓语 +less+adj./adv.+than+B3) A+ 谓语的否定 +so(as)+adj./adv.+as+BThis bookjsn ' t bigger than that one.This star is less beautiful than that one.This room is not as/so big as that one.(3)表小A和B是同等程度A+谓语 +as+adj./adv.+as+BDiana sings as sweetly as he

13、r sister.She can run as fast as 20 miles an hour.4) ) 越，越 the + 比较级，the+比较级越来越 比较级+and+比较级The faster I type, the more mistakes I make.He played it better and b etter.(5)两者中较的一个the + 比较级(+of+the+two+ 名词)This ample is the bigger of the two.形容词比较级的修饰语可在形容词的比较级前加a lot, a good deal, much, many, far, a bi

14、t, a little,slightly 等His illness is far more serious than we thought.You look a bit happier now.也可在比较级前加any, no, some, even, still 等Do you feel any better today?Their house is no bigger than ours.还可在比较级前加表示数量的词My sister is half a head taller than me.It was one-third cheaper than the market price.形容

15、词最高级主要表示“最”，修饰名词，常有一短语与表示比较的范围，前面一般加定冠词 the;副词最高级修饰动词，前面都不加the。This is the best room in the hotel.He was the most dangerous criminal in the country.The poor people living in towns suffered worst.注：在形容词最高级单独用作表语时，定冠词 the常可省略：I think David ' s plan is best.East, wes t, home ' s best.无比较等级的形容词和

16、副词：(1)表示比较、特殊意义的 comparative (ly), relative<ly),particular (ly),special (ly), favorite 等。(2)表示绝对意义的 absolute (ly), entire (ly), excellent (ly) n, total (ly), thorough (ly), whole (wholly) 等。(3)表示大小、极限、主观、上下等意义的extreme (ly), main, major, minor,senior, junior, chief (ly)等(4) 表示性质特征的 economic, scien

17、tific, wooden, earthen, golden等。(5) 表示独一无二的、形状的、强调的 only, matchless, round, square, very, own, simply, hardly, scarcely 等。典型例题1. The form cannot be signed by anyone yourself. (2011全国 I)A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. better than【解析】句意为“这张表格只能由你本人签字。"rather than 而不；other than除了，相当于

18、but和except ; more than不仅仅；better than比多、好。选 B。2. You ' d be ex posed to a lot pollution if you moved to a town withpure water and air. (2011上海春招)A. more B. mostC. less D. least【解析】句意为“如果你们搬到空气清新、水质纯净的小镇去，你们受到的污染将会少得多。“空格前的 a lot修饰比较级more或less ,根据后面的语意，选 C。3. In that school, English is compulsory

19、 for all students, but French and Russian are. (2011 江苏)A. special B . regional C. optional D . original 【解析】句意为“在那所学校，英语是学生的必修课，而法语和俄语是选修课。"special特别的，特意的；regional地区的，地方的；optional可选择的； original原始的，最初的。句中由 but进行转折，由此可知法语和俄语不是必修课而是可以选修，所以正确答案为Q7. 一 How are your recent trip to Sichuan?一I' ve

20、never had one before. (2011 四川)A. a pleasant B. a more pleasantC. a most pleasant D. the most pleasant【解析】句意为“一一最近你到四川的旅行怎么样？一一从来没有这么愉快过。”否定词never与a more pleasant连用，表示"非常愉快"，等于最高级。the mostpleasant是特指，需要有比较的范围，但是这个范 围并不存在。因此选B。8. The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be

21、thepresent one. （2011 陕西）A. as three times big as B. three times as big asC. as big as three times D. as big three times as【解析】句意为“为下一届亚运会而修建的体育馆将会是目前的体育馆三倍大小。”表示倍数的词做修饰语时，放在 as的前面， 即“倍数 + as + adj + as ", 因此选 R 11. The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.一Why? I t' s than the fil

22、ms I have ever seen. （2011 江西）A. far more interesting B. much less interestingC. no more interesting D. any less interesting【解析】句意为“一一我得说，这部电影一点都不令人感兴趣。一一什么？这可比我看过的电影有趣得多了。”程度副词可修饰形容词比较级，放于比较级前。根据应答者用“Why?进行的反问，选A。巩固练习1. Volunteering is becoming popular in China. （2010福建） Yeah, people are now aware

23、that helping others is helping themselves.A. naturally B. successfullyC. splendidly D. increasingly2. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was journey. （2010 上海）A. three hour B. a three-hoursC. a three-hour D. three hours3. Father goes to the g-ym with us although he dislike

24、s going there.（2010 湖南）A. hardly B. seldomC. sometimesD. never4. Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life and more, have reduced the need for face-to-face communications.（2010江西）A easily; efficient B easier; efficientC easy; efficiently D easily; efficiently5. Mothers hold

25、ing jobs outside the home should have schedules to make it easier to care for their children. （2010山东）A. heavy B. smoothC. flexible D. complex6. People have always been about exactly how life on earth began.（2010 天津）A. curious B. excitedC. anxious D. careful7. The school was moved out of downtown as

26、 the number of students had grown too _ （2010 四川）A. small B. few C. large D. many8. Studies show that people are more to suffer from back problems ifthey always sit before compruter screens for long hours. （2010陕西）A. likely B. possibleC. probable D. sure9. Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes

27、 madein his factory have never been. （2010全国）A. popular B. more popularC. most popular D. the most popular10. I wasn' t blaming anyone; I said errors like this could be avoided. （2010 湖北）A. merely B. mostlyC. rarely D. nearly11. - What about my answer, sir? Sorry, it ' s wrong.A. very B. fai

28、rly C. rather D. quite12. Although the country has had political independence for over a century, it still needs the support of its neighbors.A. naturally B. economicallyC. especially D. luckily13. 一 I was walking along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down.You can never be in the street.A. careful enough B. enough carefulC. very carefully D. too carefully14. I prefer to take buses after 10 o' clock; they are crowded.A. more B. lessC. most D. lea