《中考英语总复习》精品解析：2019年广东省广州市广大附中中考二模英语试题（解析版）

1、广大附中2018-2019学年初三年级英语二模试题语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的a、b、c和d项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。most of us have three meals a day. we take food for granted(理所应当).and we dont think about it._1_ experts argue a food crisis（危机）is coming. this crisis is going to make us_2_the way we think about food.food is i

2、n great need_3_the growing of world population. by 1960, the population was three billion. it doubled to six billion by 1999. by 2050, this planet will need to feed at least nine billion people. as a result, the food prices get_4_.so, what_5_ a hungry, crowded world do? one suggestion is to eat_6_me

3、at. meat uses more natural resources than grains. it requires more land _7_ one pound of meat than to produce one pound of grains. it also requires_8_ 5and 10 times more water than vegetables. so, eating less meat will provide more land for_9_, and it will save water.to eat less meat, people will ne

4、ed to change their eating habits. that will not be_10_. americans, for example, have always loved meat. in general, they eat twice as much meat as people in _11_ countries. at the same time , in developing countries like china and brazil, sales of meat have doubled in the last 20 years._12_ will dou

5、ble again by 2050. growing need of meat_13_to put pressure on natural resources.world population is increasing, resources are becoming fewer, and food prices are rising. therefore, we need to rethink about _14_ we eat every day. for meat lovers, we dont need to give up meat _15_. but we need to eat

6、more grains and less meat.1. a. andb. butc. ord. until2. a. changeb. changedc. to changed. changing3. a. sinceb. becausec. because ofd. as4. a. highestb. more higherc. higher and higherd. much high5. a. mayb. shouldc. mustd. can6. a. lessb. morec. muchd. little7. a. producingb. to producec. produces

7、d. produced8. a. ofb. forc. amongd. between9. a. farmingb. farmc. farmsd. farmer10. a. easilyb. easierc. easyd. easiest11. a. anotherb. the otherc. othersd. other12. a. themb. theyc. theird. theirs13. a. will continueb. continuedc. continued. have continued14. a. howb. whenc. whatd. where15. a. comp

8、leteb. completelyc. completedd. completing【答案】1. b 2. a 3. c 4. c 5. d 6. a 7. b 8. d 9. a 10. c 11. d 12. b 13. a 14. c 15. b【解析】短文主要讲了我们认为一日三餐是理所当然的，但是专家们认为粮食危机即将到来。世界人口的增长迫切需要粮食。世界人口在增加，资源正在减少，食品价格在上涨。因此，我们需要重新思考我们每天吃的东西。【1题详解】句意：我们认为一日三餐是理所当然的，但是专家们认为粮食危机即将到来。考查连词，a. and 和；b. but但是；c. or或者；d. un

9、til直到。前后句是转折关系，but 意为“但是”，表转折关系。此处位于句首，首字母大写。故 but 符合题意。故正确答案为b。【2题详解】句意：危机将会使我们改变对食物的看法。考查使役动词，change 意为“改变”。make sb. do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“使某人做某事”，故此处使用动词原形。因此 change 符合题意。故正确答案为a。【3题详解】句意：由于人口增长，食物需求量很大。考查连词，a. since自从；b. because 因为，后跟完整的句子；c. because of因为，后跟短语或名词等；d. as当，作为。because of 意为“由于，因为”，表原因，符

10、合题意。故正确答案为c。【4题详解】句意：结果，食品价格越来越高。考查形容词比较级，high高，higher更高，highest最高，higher and higher越来越高，much可以修饰比较级，结合句意，故正确答案为c。【5题详解】句意：那么，一个饥饿拥挤的世界能做些什么呢？考查情态动词，a. may 可能；b. should应该；c. must一定，必须；d. can能够，结合句意，这里是应该是表推测，can 更符合，故正确答案为d。【6题详解】句意：一个建议是少吃肉。考查形容词，a. less更少；b. more更多；c. much多；d. little少，根据“meat uses

11、 more natural resources than grains. 肉类比谷物使用更多的自然资源。”所以应该是建议少吃肉，故正确答案为a。【7题详解】句意：少吃一点肉可以给农业耕作多提供一些土地，并节约用水。考查不定式，观察句子，这里已经有谓语动词，那么需要非谓语，结合句意这里应该需要动词不定式表目的，provide 意为“提供”，故正确答案为b。【8题详解】句意：它还需要比蔬菜多5到10倍的水。考查介词，a. of的；b. for为了；c. among三者或者三者以上之间 ；d. between两者之间，这里用的是“betweenand.”，故正确答案为d。【9题详解】句意：所以，少吃

12、肉会为农业提供更多的土地，而且会节约用水。考查动名词，观察句子这里是说为农业提供种植的土地，far作动词表示从事种植，用在介词for后，应该用v.ing形式，故正确答案为a。【10题详解】句意：这可不容易。考查形容词，a. easily容易地；b. easier更容易的；c. easy容易的；d. easiest最容易的，观察句子，这里没有比较，并且是作表语，故正确答案为c。【11题详解】句意：一般来说，他们吃的肉是其他国家人的两倍。考查词汇辨析，a. another三者或三者以上另一个；b. the other两者中的另一个；c. others其余的/剩余的（事或物）；d. other其他的

13、+名词，故正确答案为d。【12题详解】句意：到2050年，这一数字将再翻一番。考查代词，a. them他们，宾格；b. they他们，主格；c. their他们的，后跟名词；d. theirs他们的，相当于their+n.。观察句子这里做主语，they指代上文的数据，故正确答案为b。【13题详解】句意：不断增长的肉类需求将继续给自然资源带来压力。考查动词时态，a. will continue一般将来时；b. continued一般过去时；c. continue一般现在时；d. have continued现在完成时，结合句意，这里应该用一般将来时，故正确答案为a。【14题详解】句意：因此，我们

14、需要重新考虑我们每天吃什么。考查疑问词，a. how怎样；b. when何时；c. what 什么；d. where哪里，结合结合句意，应该是说吃什么，故正确答案为c。【15题详解】句意：对于肉食爱好者来说，我们不需要完全放弃肉食。考查词汇辨析，结合下文 but we need to eat more grains and less meat 可知，我们需要多吃谷物少吃肉。因此本句应表达对于喜欢吃肉的人来说，不必完全放弃吃肉，只是要少吃一些。completely 意为“完全地，彻底地”，副词，修饰 give up，符合题意。故正确答案为b。完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的a、

15、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。johnny, a lizard (蜥蜴), lived between some rocks in the country, where he liked sunbathing every morning. one day, he felt so _16_that he didn't notice some boys coming up behind him. the boys _17_ johnny, and he could only escape from their hands by losing his tail and

16、 running to hide.shocked and _18_, the trembling lizard spied on the children watching his tail moving about, even though it was no longer attached(依附的) to his body. the children soon grew _19_, threw the tail away and left. johnny came out to look for his tail, but could find no _20_ of it. determi

17、ned to recover his "lost belongings", johnny abandoned(放弃）everything else in his life, devoting himself entirely to the _21_. days and months passed, and johnny kept looking, asking everyone whether they had seen his tail.one day, someone he asked surprisedly replied, "why do you need

18、 two tails?"johnny turned and saw that he had grown a new, stronger tail. he suddenly realized how _22_ it had been to waste so much time on a problem for which there was no solution. johnny turned back and headed for home.on the way, he found his old tail on the roadside. although it looked ho

19、rrible, johnny was still _23_ to have it back. he picked it up and was about to _24_ his journey when the truth finally hit him: he was looking at the past.he then decided to drop his old tail there, leaving with it all his past worries. as he continued his journey, all he took with him were thought

20、s of the _25_.16. a. interestedb. relaxedc. lonelyd. nervous17. a. caughtb. discoveredc. stoppedd. followed18. a. disabledb. confusedc. disappointedd. frightened19. a. unhappyb. desperatec. boredd. worried20. a. proofb. signc. markd. use21. a. searchb. journeyc. countrysided. hope22. a. riskyb. hard

21、c. carelessd. silly23. a. encouragedb. ashamedc. upsetd. delighted24. a. changeb. continuec. pland. end25. a. tailb. childrenc. futured. past【答案】16. b 17. a 18. d 19. c 20. b 21. a 22. d 23. d 24. b 25. c【解析】短文主要讲了一只蜥蜴找尾巴的故事，最后自己的尾巴慢慢长了出来。【16题详解】根据常识可知，阳光浴可以使人放松，且结合上文中 johnny 喜欢阳光浴的事实，当他这样做的时候觉得很享受、

22、很放松（relaxed）。interested 意为“有趣的”，lonely 意为“孤独的”，nervous 意为“紧张的”，均不符合题意。故正确答案为b。【17题详解】由后文中的 escape 可知，男孩子们确实抓到（catch）了 johnny，只不过被他逃掉了。discover 意为“发现”，stop 意为“停止；阻拦”，tease 意为“嘲笑，取笑”，均不符合文意。故正确答案为a。【18题详解】a项，disabled “残疾的”；b项，confused “困惑的”；c项，disappointed “失望的”；d项，frightened 意为“害怕的；惊恐的”。由上文可知，johnny

23、差点被孩子们抓住，因此心有余悸，仍然感到害怕（frightened），对应下面的 trembling。b、c项不符合文意，故排除；a项 disabled（残疾的）符合文意，但此处强调的是小蜥蜴 johnny 害怕的心理，而非残疾的身体，故d项更佳。故正确答案为d。【19题详解】由文意可知，男孩子们在玩了一会儿小蜥蜴的尾巴后立马就觉得无聊（bored），因此把它扔掉了。cautious 意为“小心的，谨慎的”，desperate 意为“绝望的”，worried 意为“担忧的”，均不符合题意。故正确答案为c。【20题详解】由句意可知，johnny 还想找到自己的尾巴，但是已经寻不到它的踪迹（sig

24、n）了。sign 意为“迹象”，在此可理解为尾巴的踪迹。proof 意为“证据”，mark 意为“标志”，use 意为“使用”，均不符合句意。故正确答案为b。【21题详解】本句大意为，johnny 放弃了他生命中其他所有的东西，全身心地投入到这次搜寻（search）行动中去。上文中提到他要找到自己的尾巴，所以应填入 search。journey 意为“旅程”，countryside 意为“乡村”，hope 意为“希望”，均不符合题意。故正确答案为a。【22题详解】由上文可知，johnny 花了很长一段时间寻找他的尾巴，但其实他已经长出了新的尾巴。johnny 突然间意识到过去把时间浪费在一个没

25、有答案的问题上实在是太愚蠢（silly）了。risky 意为“冒险的”，hard 意为“困难的”，careless 意为“粗心的”，与题意不符，排除。故正确答案为d。【23题详解】由上文可知，johnny 一直都在寻找原来尾巴，所以即使它现在看起来很可怕，即使它对他已经没用了，他依然很高兴（delighted）。encouraged 意为“受到鼓舞的”，ashamed 意为“羞耻的”，upset 意为“沮丧的”，均与题意无关。故正确答案为d。【24题详解】由句意可知，johnny 把尾巴捡起来后准备继续（continue）他的旅程，而非改变（change）、计划（plan）和结束（end），对

26、应最后一段中的 as he continued his journey。故正确答案为b。【25题详解】由上文可知，johnny 准备放下过去，与“过去”相对应的即为展望未来（future）。tail 意为“尾巴”，children 意为“孩子”，past 意为“过去”，均不符合题意。故正确答案为c。阅读第一节 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（a）you may not know how his magic tricks work. but that's why they are so much fun!david coppe

27、rfield is one of the world's most famous magicians. he began studying magic when he was a child. at the age of 12, he was the youngest person in the society of american magicians. now he is famous all over the world.in 1983, he made the statue of liberty(自由女神像) in new york disappear for a few mi

28、nutes. in 1986, copperfield first came to china. he walked through the great wall in beijing! during his second visit in 2002, lots of chinese people were lucky enough to enjoy his shows. this year, he came to china again. he showed everyone, young and old, lots of new magic tricks. copperfield'

29、s shows began in beijing in april. then he gave shows in changsha, hangzhou, nanjing, shanghai and so on- seven other cities in china in april and may. there were 38 shows in all.copperfield's shows are not just magic. he also dances and does lots of interesting things to make his fans happy. he

30、 even asks his fans to help him do tricks! one of copperfield's greatest tricks is flying. in his shows in china, he even made some fans fly around the theatre! in another trick, an electric saw(电锯) cut copperfield's body in half. copperfield's magic is different each time. what do you t

31、hink he will do next time? it will be fun to wait and see.26. how many times has david copperfield been to china?a. onceb. twicec. three timesd. four times27. which of the following is true about david copperfield from the passage?a. he is the most famous scientist in the worldb. he showed his cleve

32、rness in magic when he was a boyc. he does the same magic tricks again and again.d. only young people like his shows.28. _is not in copperfield's shows according to the passage.a. flying his fans aroundb. cutting his own body in half with a sawc. walking in the waterd. making the statue of liber

33、ty disappear for a while.29. which is the right order accord ting to the time the things happened?a. copperfield began to study magicb. copperfield did magic tricks in new york.c. copperfield walked through china's great wall.d. copperfield joined the society of american magicians.a. a-b-c-db. a

34、-d-c-bc. d-a-b-cd. a-d-b-c30. what is the best title of the passage?a. a famous magicianb. a visit to chinac. lucky chinese peopled. thirty-eight shows【答案】26. c 27. b 28. c 29. d 30. a【解析】文章主要介绍大卫·科波菲尔这位伟大的魔术师。科波菲尔的表演不仅仅是魔术。他还会跳舞，做很多有趣的事情来让他的粉丝开心。科波菲尔的魔力每次都不同。【26题详解】细节理解题，在文章的第三段里，作者很清楚地提到大卫

35、83;科波菲尔分别于1986年、2002年和今年三次来华。故选：c。【27题详解】推理判断题，选项a“he is the most famous scientist in the world大卫是世界上著名的科学家。”错误，他是魔术师。选项b“he showed his cleverness in magic when he was a boy在大卫还是小孩时，他就显示出在魔术方面的才华。”正确，文章的第二段有所提及。选项c“he does the same magic tricks again and again.他一遍又一遍地表演相同的魔术节目。”错误，文章最后一段提到他的演出每次都是不同

36、的。选项d“only young people like his shows.只有年轻人喜欢他的演出。”错误，文章第三段中说到人们无论老幼都喜欢他的演出。故选：b。【28题详解】细节理解题，根据“in his shows in china, he even made some fans fly around the theatre!在他在中国的演出中，他甚至让一些歌迷在剧院里飞来飞去！”选项a正确；根据“in another trick, an electric saw(电锯) cut copperfield's body in half.在另一个戏法中，一把电锯把科波菲尔的身体切成了

37、两半。”选项b正确；根据“in 1983, he made the statue of liberty(自由女神像) in new york disappear for a few minutes.1983年，他让纽约的自由女神像(自由女神像)消失了几分钟。”选项d正确。除了该选项c.在水中行走，其它三项中提到的事都是大卫在演出中做过的。故选：c。【29题详解】细节理解题，大卫在还是小孩时就开始研究魔术(a)，12岁成为美国魔术师协会最年轻的成员(d)，1983年在纽约使得自由女神像消失了几分钟(b)，1986年在北京穿越长城(c)。按此顺序，我们可以找到正确答案a-d-b-c。故选：d。【3

38、0题详解】主旨大意题，整篇文章主要介绍大卫·科波菲尔这位伟大的魔术师。所以a famous magician是最适合的文章标题。故选：a。(b)diabetes(糖尿病) is caused by a group of metabolic disorders(新陈代谢紊乱) in which there are type1 high blood sugar levels over a long period of time. there are three main types of diabetes:diabetes results from the body not having

39、 enough insulin (岛为素).type 2 diabetes mainly happens to those who do not have enough physical exercise, eat too much unhealthy food and get too fat and get too heavy.gestational diabetes is the third main form. it appears when a woman is having a baby. she will probably get well again after the birt

40、h of the baby.diabetes can bring serious problems. people with diabetes, especially the type 1 will easily get thirsty and hungry, and quickly lose weight, if it is not treated, it will develop rapidly (weeks and months), and cause many long-term complication(并发症), all the complications relate to da

41、mage to blood vessel血管). for example, damage to the eyes. it is caused by damage to the blood vessels in the eyes, and results in gradual vision loss and blindness. the complications will greatly aggrandize the risk of diabetes, by which about 75% of the deaths are causedaccording to a report from t

42、he whq (world health organization) in 2015, about 415 million people have diabetes worldwide, which means 8.3% of the adults in the world have diabetes. of all the cases, 85% to 90% are type 2 diabetes. that is to say, most cases of diabetes result from the unhealthy life style. diabetes doubles a p

43、erson's risk of early death. from 2012 to 2015, about 1.5 to 5 million deaths each year resulted from the disease. the global economic cost of diabetes in 2014 was around 612 billion usd.a healthy life style can help prevent diabetes. doing a lot of physical activities and having a healthy diet

44、will help have normal body weight. higher levels of physical activity (more than 90 minutes per day) can reduce the risk of diabetes by 28%. healthy diet includes foods rich in whole grains and fiber, foods with good fats from nuts, vegetable oils and fish, little sugar, and less red meat.31. diabet

45、es is_.a. a serious diseaseb. a damage to blood vesselsc. an unhealthy life styled. an unusual blood sugar level32. according to the passage, what problem can diabetes cause?a. a person gets too heavyb. a person doesn't want to eat.c. a person becomes blindd. a woman will not have a baby33. the

46、who report (2015) tells us that in the worlda. 8.3%0 of the people have diabetesb. 85%to 90%o of the adults have type 2 diabetesc. about 1.5 to 5 million people died of diabetes every yeard. the economic cost of diabetes in 2014 was around 612 billion usd34. the underlined word "aggrandize"

47、; probably means_ in chinese in the passage.a. 增长b. 提供c. 分离d. 减弱35. the best title of this passage may be_.a. a report on healthb. diabetes and its causec. how to prevent diabetesd. diabetes: harm and prevention【答案】31. a 32. c 33. d 34. a 35. d【解析】短文大意：本文是科普文，介绍了糖尿病的三种类型、主要危害和预防建议。【31题详解】题意：糖尿病是一种严重

48、的疾病。考查细节理解题。根据短文对糖尿病的介绍，结合diabetes can bring serious problems.，可知糖尿病是一种严重的疾病，故选a。【32题详解】题意：根据文章，糖尿病会引起什么问题?考查细节判断题。a. a person gets too heavy一个人变得太胖；b. a person doesn't want to eat. 一个人不想吃东西；c. a person becomes blind一个人变得盲目；d. a woman will not have a baby女人不会生孩子。根据for example, damage to the eyes

49、. it is caused by damage to the blood vessels in the eyes, and results in gradual vision loss and blindness. the complications will greatly aggrandize the risk of diabetes, by which about 75% of the deaths are caused，可知糖尿病不仅可以导致眼睛失明而且会引起死亡，故选c。【33题详解】题意：世卫组织报告(2015)告诉我们，2014年全球糖尿病经济成本约为6120亿美元。考查细节理

50、解题。根据文中对世界卫生组织(world health organization) 2015年的报告分析的结论the global economic cost of diabetes in 2014 was around 612 billion usd.，可知2014年全球糖尿病经济成本约为6120亿美元。选d。【34题详解】题意：划线的“aggrandize”一词在汉语中可能是_的意思。考查词义理解题。根据下文的补充by which about 75% of the deaths are caused，可知并发症将大大增加患糖尿病的风险，故选a。【35题详解】题意：这篇文章最好的标题可能是糖

51、尿病:危害与预防。考查标题归纳题。根据短文内容，重点介绍了糖尿病的危害并给出了预防建议，可知选d。(c)life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out. sir john gurdon is a good example of this. as a boy, he was told that he was hopeless at science and was at the bottom of his class. later, aged 79, the very same gurdon shared

52、the 2012 nobel prize in physiology or medicine with japanese stem cell(干细胞) researcher shinya yamanaka.like to so many scientists, gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance can lead.at the age of 15 in 1948, gurdon ranked last out the 250 boys at his high school in biology. gurdo

53、ns high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was “quite ridiculous.”in spite of his teachers criticisms, gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard. he went to the lab earlier and left later than anyone else. he experienced thousands of failures.“my own be

54、lief is that we will, in the end, understand everything about how cells actually work,” gurdon said. in the 1960s, gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic information into an egg cell. the egg cell then grew into a clone(克隆)of the adult frog. this technique later helped to create

55、 the sheep dolly in 1996, the first cloned mammal(哺乳动物) in the world.in 2006, gurdons work was developed by yamanaka to show that a sample of a persons skin can be used to create stem cells. using the technique, doctors can repair a patients heart after a heart attack.“luck favours the prepared mind

56、,” gurdon told the noble prize organization. “ninety per cent of the time things dont work, but when they do, you have to seize(抓住) the chance.”36. who won the 2012 nobel prize in physiology or medicine?a. sir john gurdonb. shinya yamanakac. sir john gurdon and shinya yamanakad. gurdons science teac

57、her37. what does the underlined word “ridiculous” mean?a. 无知的b. 无畏的c. 荒废的d. 荒谬的38. according to the passage, which statement about sir john gurdon is true?a. as a boy, he was told that he was hopeful.b. he ranked first at his high school in biology.c. its impossible for the doctors to repair a patients heart after a heart attack.d. in spite of his teachers criticisms, he kept working hard.39. from the passage, we know sir john gurdons success depended on many things except_.a. perseveranceb.