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1、专题十七T字部1. takev.拿(走);做;服用;乘坐;花费词形变化:过去式 took,过去分词taken关联词组:take care of 照顾;take part (in) 参加,参与;take off 起飞;脱下;take over 接管 用法:CD本义指"带(走),拿(走),取(走),搬(走)”等表示移动的动作;常见搭配有take sb./sth. withsb.携带同行。例如:His wife went to Australia, tak ing the childre n with her.他的妻子带着孩子去了澳大利亚。C和一些名词连用,代替名词相关的某个动词,表示相应
2、的动作意义。常见的诸如:take a look 看一看;take a seat 坐;take a shower 洗淋浴;take a picture/photo拍照片等等。C表示"花费(时间、金钱或努力)”,常用在It takes + 时间/钱/努力+ (for sb.) to do sth.结构中。例如:Orga nizi ng a successful street party takes a lot of en ergy.成功举办一次街头聚会要花费很多精力。It took a few hours for me to get to my office.我花了几个小时才至 U办公室
3、。C表示“乘坐(交通工具)”或“走(某条路)”。例如:I took the first pla ne out.我搭乘第一班飞机走了。Take the M6 to Junction 19.走6号高速公路到第 19号交叉口。反义词:bring v. 带来,拿来(2019,山东卷,单项填空)25. Roy works in London .Ithim about half an hour to get to work by bus every day.A. costsB. spendsC. takes2. tasten.品尝;味道;v.品尝;尝味;有味道名词用法:可表示“(食物的)味道,滋味”;可表
4、示感官中的“味觉”;可表示“品尝”这一动作。常用结构有 have taste /have the taste of 有味道; sense of taste 味觉; have a taste of 品尝某物。例如:You must have a taste of the fruitcake.你一定得尝尝这水果蛋糕。动词用法:C实义动词,表示“(品)尝”,指用嘴品尝味道的动作。例如:It ' s always best to keep tasting the food while you' re cooking it.做菜的时候最好是边做边尝。C连系动词,表示“有味道,尝起来”;
5、taste+形容词或taste like+ 名词。例如:The food tasted better than it looked.这食物吃起来味道比看上去要好。What does pumpki n taste like?南瓜是什么味道?词性转换:tasty adj. 味道好的;tasteless adj. 无味的(2019,广东卷,单项填空)33. I think tea willtaste bettersome milk in it.A. forB. withC. fromD. at3. teach忑辽)v.教书,讲授;教词形变化:过去式 taught,过去分词taught用法:CD特指在
6、学校里"教书,教授,讲授”;teach at+ place在某地教书;teach (sb.)+subject 教授(某人)某学科;teach sth. to sb.给某人教某课程。例如:He taught physics at the local school.他在当地学校教授物理。C 指教某人如何做某事:teach sb. sth./ teach sb. (how) to do sth.。例如:differe nt methods of teach ing childre n how to read教儿童识字的不同方法C指更广义的"教导,教育",相当于educa
7、te ;可用于 teach sb. to do sth. ; teach sb. sth. ; teachsb. that 等:He taught me that the easy option isn' t always the best one.他让我明白了简便的选择并非总是最好。词性转换:teacher n. 教师;teachi ng 教学矍L佃(2019,北京卷,阅读 B) But if you teach a man to fish, he ' ll eat for a lifetime.4. term工d”.Eln.学期;术语;条款用法:C表示"学期&qu
8、ot;,例如:summer/autumn/spring term 夏季/秋季/春季学期C表示“专有名词,术语”,后面常接for sth.。例如:Multimedia is the term for a modern tech no logy.多媒体是一种现代技术的术语。CCterms表示“条款”,指协议、合同、规定等。常见于短语:terms and conditions 条款和条件。C在in the Iong/short term短语中表示“时期”。例如:The cost of livi ng will go up in the short term.生活费用会在短期内上涨。(2019,广东卷
9、,阅读 C) Setting up an English club is one of the things we are going to do thisterm.5. testv.&n.测试,试验关联词组:test result实验结果;test method 试验方法;field test现场试验;test paper 测试卷动词用法:可指医学上“检查(身体)”;对人的知识 /能力进行“测验,考查”;对机器/产品进行“试验,检验”,常用 test sth. on sb./sth.结构。例如:I must have my eyes tested.我必须检查一下我的眼睛。This e
10、xam is to test your readi ng skills.这次考试是为了考查你的阅读能力。It is not allowed to test new medic ine on ani mals.不允许在动物身上做新药物试验。名词用法:take a test参加测验;pass a test通过测验;fail a test测验不及格;put sth./sb. to the test是某人/某事得到考验。例如:Livi ng together will soo n put their relatio nship to the test.一起生活马上就能考验他们的关系。易混单词:text
11、 n. 文本;课文(2019,北京卷,阅读 D) Many people believe smart machines are necessarilycorrect and objective,but mach ines are trained through a repeatedtesti ng and scori ng process.6. thickm.Radi.厚的;浓的用法:本义形容“厚的”,可以引申表示树木“繁茂,茂密”、烟云“浓密,浑浊”、液体“浓稠”等;也可表示测量时“有厚的”。 be thick with sth. 满是。例如:The walls are about two
12、meters thick.墙大约两米厚。The air is thick with smoke from the fires.空气中充满了火灾产生的浓烟。词性转换:thickness n. 厚度;thickly adv. 厚地,浓地;thicken v.变浓,变厚反义词:thin adj. 薄的TH杜呦(2019,湖北卷,选择填空)34. Is this Mike ' s dictionary? No, it ' s mine. Thethick one on the desk is .A. hisB. yoursC. hersD. theirs7. throwL j-.Eiv
13、.投,掷,扔词形变化:过去式 threw,过去分词thrown关联词组:throw away扔掉,丢弃;throw up呕吐用法:CD表示“投,扔,抛,掷”等动作;throw sth. to sb.=throw sb. sth.扔东西给某人;throw sth. at sb.朝某人扔东西。例如:He threw his shirt to someo ne in the crowd.他把他的衬衫扔给了人群中的一个人。Some one threw a stone at the car.有人朝汽车扔了一块石头。C表示“随手扔下”,后面常常需要跟副词或介词短语;Don' t just thro
14、w your clothes on the floor- pick them up!不要把衣服扔在地板上一捡起来!(2019,湖北卷,单项填空)Weneed experts (专家)to teach us things like throwing and high jump.8. tiev.(用绳,线)系,拴,扌L;n.领带;绳子,结;关系;平局 S?期词形变化:过去式 tied,过去分词tied,现在分词tying动词用法:C表示“(线、绳索等)系,捆,扌L,栓”、或“打结,系上”等;常常和介词to搭配,或用于tie sth.together (with sth.) 结构。例如:They t
15、ied him to a tree and beat him up.他们把他绑在树上狠狠地打。C用在比赛或竞赛当中,表示“打成平局,得分相同”,可单独用作不及物动词,或用be tied 形式;其后常接介词with。例如:England tied 2- 2 with Germany in the first round.在第一轮比赛中英格兰队与德国队以2:2打成平局。At the end of the seaso n, we were tied with the Tigers.赛季结束时,我们与老虎队得分相同。The rain didn ' t stop us from enjoying
16、 the trip.那场雨没有妨碍我们享受旅行的乐趣。O常用短语tie sth. up表示"栓到上,拴住”;sth. be tied up with sth.把联系起来,使有关联。例如:He left his dog tied up to a tree.他把狗拴在了树上。Her behaviour is tied up with her fear.她的行为与她的恐惧感有关。名词用法:CD表示"联系,关系"含义时,通常用复数形式ties ;用strong/close修饰;与介词between/with 搭配。例如:close ties betwee n the tw
17、o coun tries两国间的密切关系The UN is tryi ng to bring the war to a stop.联合国试图结束这场战争。C表示“平局,得分相同”含义时,常用 in a tie 短语。例如:The match en ded in a tie.这场比赛以平局告终。(2019,辽宁卷,任务型阅读)They can help you pull down the basket or tie the balloon to the groundcar un til you are ready to fly.9. tired忑Hadj.疲劳的,累的;厌烦(倦)的 用法:C表示
18、“困倦的,疲劳的,累的";so tired (that) 累到;too tired to do sth.累得无法。例如:I ' m so tired I could sleep for a week.我累得一觉能睡一个星期。He was too tired to argue.他累得不想争吵。C be/get tired of (doi ng) sth.表示“对(做)某事感到厌烦(倦)的",相当于 be fed up with sth.例如:I ' m tired of watching television; let' s go for a walk
19、.我看电视都看腻了,我们出去走走吧。词性转换:tire v. (使)疲劳;(使)厌烦;tired ness n. 疲劳;疲倦;tiring adj. 累人的;麻烦的: 注意tiring 用来形容事物,而tired 指人的感受。卫商旳(2019,江苏卷,单项填空)5.Betty felt so tired last ni ght that shefell asleep in bed after lying dow n.A. recen tlyB. sudde nlyC. freque ntlyD. immediately10. total工门Ejladi.总数的,总括的;完全的,全然的;n.总计
20、,合计形容词用法:C表示“总数的,总括的",常用搭配有total number/amo un t/cost等。例如:total sales of 200,000 per year每年 20 万的销售总额C表示“完全的,彻底的”;total failure彻底的失败(者)。例如:You were a total failure if you had n't married by the time you were about twenty-three.女口果你在二十三岁左右还没结婚,就是一个彻底的失败者。名词用法:in total 总共;a total of 总共。例如:A t
21、otal of thirteen meetings were held to discuss the issue.总共举行了 13 次会议来讨论该议题。总共可能有40人左右。totalD. 113There were probably about 40 people there in total. 词性转换:totally adv. 总共;完全地 近义词:complete adj. 完全的(2019,湖北卷,阅读 A)56. Each cable car can carrypeople inA. 100B. 101C. 11011. touchE:最v.&n.触摸,接触关联词组:get
22、 in touch (with sb.)(与)取得联系; keep/stay in touch (with sb.)(与)保持联系;lose touch (with sb.) (和 )失去联系; Do Not Touch请勿触摸(警示语); be in touch(with sb.) (和)有联系;be out of touch (with sb.)(和)失去联系;sense of touch 触感 /觉用法:表示接触身体部位时,可在touch后面直接跟部位,也可以说touch sb. on+ 部位。例如:她伸手去碰他的胳膊。有一只手碰了一下她的肩膀。She reached out to to
23、uch his arm.A hand touched her on the shoulder.熟词僻义:touch作动词时,还可以表示"感动,触动,打动"。例如:Her kindn ess has touched the hearts of people around the n ati on.她的善良触动了全国人的心弦。词性转换:touch ing adj.动人的;touched adj. 受感动的;touchable adj. 可触的近义词:move v.使感动TH二伽(2019,山东卷,动词应用)It can stop passengers from 75 ( tou
24、ch ) the bus driver.12. tour_L n.参观,观光,旅行关联词组:go on a tour 漫游,旅行;city tour城市观光;make a tour of观光/游历某地用法:tour后面常接介词 of/around/round+地点的结构。例如:a 10-day tour of Chi na 中国十日游词性转换:tourist n. 游客;tourism n. 旅游业(2019,湖北卷,任务型阅读)A middle-aged man, Xu Shijie, from Kaifeng is a pedicab (三轮车)driver, or rather, ato
25、ur guide.13. traditio nal匸弓”申adj.传统的g关联词组:traditio nal culture传统文化;traditio nal festival传统节日用法:It is traditio nal (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)做某事是一种传统。例如:It is traditi onal to eat moon cake on Mid-autu mn Festival.中秋节吃月饼是一个传统。词性转换:traditio nally adv.传统上;习惯上;traditio n n. 传统;惯例(2019,山东卷,完形)But no wadays,
26、 the youn ger people do thetraditi onalway less.14. trainn.火车;v.培训,训练用法:get on/of a train 上 / 下火车;by train乘火车;catch/take/get the train赶上 / 乘坐 / 搭乘火车熟词僻义:trai n 还可以作动词,表示"训练,培训”;可用于trai n sb. as/in /forsth.或train sb. todo sth.等结构。例如:All employees will be trai ned in service skills.所有员工都将接受服务技能的培
27、训。They are training the dogs to walk like huma ns.他们正在训练狗学人走路。词性转换:trai ning n. 培训,培养卫昨石1(2019,北京卷,阅读 D) Many people believe smart machines are necessarilycorrect and objective,but mach ines are trained through a repeated testi ng and scori ng process.15. travel工门L.pn.&v.旅行关联词组:travel abroad出国旅行
28、;travel arou nd 周游;travel in dustry 旅游业用法:用travel by+ train/car/air表示旅行的方式;常和to/through/across/around等介词搭配使用。例如:we re planning to travel across America this summer.我们计戈U今年夏天横穿美国旅行。travel 和 tour、trip 的区别: travel通常泛指“旅行”,词义广泛,可以指长期、短期的,不论何种目的,不论使用何种交通工具的旅行,尤指长途的海外旅行。在表示抽象意义的"旅行”时也要使用travel ;复数tra
29、vels用来表示“包括访问几个地方的一次长时间的旅行、国外旅行”。例如:He is fond of travel.他喜欢旅行。He has just returned from his travels.他旅行刚回来。 trip通常指短期的短程的旅行,尤指暂时到外地办理业务上的事情。例如:He went on a bus in ess trip yesterday.昨天他出差了。 tour的意思是“周游、巡视”,常带有根据一定的路线,事先预定了一些逗留地点,最后仍回到出发地。 例如:He is pla nning a tour of the world.他计划周游世界。关联单词:traveler
30、 n. 旅行者卫昨石1(2019,山东卷,单项选择)4.The high-speed trainQin gdao and Beiji ngtravels faster now. The train ride takesonly about three hours.A. fromB. amongC. i nD. betwee n16. trouble忑辽)v.使苦恼,使忧虑;使麻烦;n.问题;疾病;烦恼,麻烦关联词组:get/run into trouble陷入困境;be in trouble处于困境;cause trouble 肇事名词用法:trouble 一般视为不可数名词,不能用a tro
31、uble ,但可用troubles ;常用于have trouble withsb./sth. 或 have trouble doing sth. 结构,表示“(做)有困难"。例如:She tells me her troubles. I tell her mi ne.她告诉了我她的烦恼,我也把我的告诉了她。We re having a lot of trouble with the new computer system.我们新的电脑系统有许多问题。We had much trouble finding her house.我们费了很大的劲才找到了她家。动词用法:CD相当于动词wo
32、rry,表示"使忧虑,使苦恼”。例如:There is one thing that ' s been troubling me.有一件事一直苦恼着我。为某事麻烦某人。例如:C相当于bother,表示"麻烦(某人),使费神”;trouble sb. with sth.I won ' t trouble you with the details.我就不麻烦你听那些细节了。C 口语中常说"May I trouble you?/Sorry to trouble you 烦您一下”。例如: Sorry to trouble you, but 对不起,麻烦您
33、一下,请问到车站怎么走?麻烦的,讨厌的could”,意为“我可以麻烦您一下吗/对不起,麻you tell me the way to the station, please?I told him, “ Ithi nkwe' IIget in trouble . ” but he just laughed and关联词组:come true 实现,成真;true love 用法:supply sth. to sb.=supply sb. with sth.C与“假”,相对,表示“符合事实的,真(实)The same is true of all political parties.真爱,
34、true frie nd真心朋友挚爱;。例如:的”;the same is true of所有政党都是这样。也是;例如:12C表示“实际的,真实的”,相当于 real,此时仅用于名词前。例如:She ma naged to hide her true feel in gs .她设法掩饰了自己的真实感情。C常用It is true that结构表示承认某事,意为“确实,的确"。例如:It is true that there have bee n improveme nts in some areas.某些方面确实已有改进。true和real的区别:CCtrue是指“真正的”、“真实的
35、”,强调事实和实际情况相符,它是与”假”相对而言。例如The news is true.这消息是真的。(不是假消息)Creal指客观上存在,并非想象和虚构的,它是与“无”相对而言。例如:Lu Xu n's real name is Zhou Shure n.鲁迅的真名字是周树人。(鲁迅是虚构的名字)CCtrue还可以表示“正确的”,real没有这种用法。例如:What he said is true.他说的话是真的.C可将true或real用作修饰一个实体,表示这完全是“真的”,不是伪造的。例如:It's a true/real pearl.这是真珍珠。词性转换:truly a
36、dv. 真实地,不假;真诚地;truth n. 真理;事实s not true .(2019,山东卷,阅读 C) A lot of people think that wind power is new, but that18. trust工Z辽)v.&n.相信,信任,信赖动词用法:trust可直接接宾语,可接人,也可接物;也可用于trust in sb./sth. 或trust sb. to do sth.结构。例如:I just don ' t trust him.我就是不信任他。We trust in God.我们信仰上帝。Can they be trusted to l
37、ook after the house?能信任他们把房子托给他们照看吗?名词用法:put/place your trust in sb./sth.相信。例如:You shouldn ' t put your trust in a man like that.你不应该相信那样的男人。词性转换:trustful adj.信任的,相信的;trusty adj.可靠的,可信任的同义词:believe v.相信,新任(2019 年,湖北卷,阅读 C) Most people didn ' t trust Shang Yang. In order to solve this problem
38、,Shang Yang came up with an idea.19. try |匸小”帥&n.尝试;试图;努力;试用关联词组: try something new/different尝试新事物; try again再来一次; try hard 努力;try one' sbest尽最大努力;try one' s luck 碰运气;try it on 试穿,试戴; worth a try值得一试动词用法:try to do sth.设法做某事;try doi ng sth.尝试做某事;例如:She was tryi ng not to cry.她强忍住不哭出来。They decided they would try livi ng in America for some time.他们决定在美国住一段时间试试。名
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